نتائج البحث - "Self-Control"

1

Relevance of self-control of blood glucose in the aspect of prevention of cardiovascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus

المؤلفون: D. I. Trukhan

المصدر: Медицинский совет, Vol 0, Iss 14, Pp 104-109 (2021)

الوصف: There is a clear link between diabetes and cardiovascular disease. It is known that cardiovascular diseases in patients with diabetes mellitus occur 2–5 times more often than in people without diabetes. It is cardiovascular outcomes that are the main cause of death in patients with diabetes mellitus in both men and women. Diabetes mellitus has a high risk of coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension and acute cerebrovascular accident, and patients with diabetes mellitus may experience painless acute myocardial infarction associated with the presence of autonomic cardiac neuropathy. Various rhythm disturbances are much more common in diabetes mellitus, including paroxysmal forms of atrial fibrillation, which increase the risk of death by 1.8–2 times. The leading factor in the development of vascular complications of diabetes mellitus is hyperglycemia. In addition, early glycemic disorders - impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glycemia - make a significant contribution to the increased risk of macrovascular complications. Improving glycemic control leads to a significant reduction in the risk of late macro- and microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Glycated hemoglobin is the gold standard for monitoring glycemic control, but it does not provide complete information on daily and intraday changes in glucose levels. Regular self-monitoring of glucose levels is important in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in patients with diabetes mellitus. In addition, during the COVID-19 pandemic, all consensus documents and recommendations for the management of patients with diabetes indicate the need for regular monitoring of glucose levels. An important aspect of the technical impact on patients’ adherence to selfcontrol and diabetes therapy is the presence of a convenient communicative connection between the patient and the doctor, in particular, the possibility of contact remotely via a computer and a mobile phone. In conclusion, the possibilities of the new model of the line of blood glucose meters are considered.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::4dcaab215bfaf7e7e2132a1b3a53dbd1Test
https://www.med-sovet.pro/jour/article/view/6434Test

2

Rats delay gratification during a time-based diminishing returns task

المؤلفون: Heather J. Pribut, Matthew R. Roesch, Manaahil Rao, Douglas R. Schuweiler

المصدر: J Exp Psychol Anim Learn Cogn

الوصف: The rat is a common animal model used to uncover the neural underpinnings of decision making and their disruption in psychiatric illness. Here, we ask if rats can perform a decision-making task that assesses self-control by delayed gratification in the context of diminishing returns. In this task, rats could choose to press one of two levers. One lever was associated with a fixed delay (FD) schedule that delivered reward after a fixed time delay (10 s). The other lever was associated with a progressive delay (PD) schedule; the delay increased by a fixed amount of time (1 s) after each PD lever press. Rats were tested under two conditions: a reset condition where rats could reset the PD schedule back to its initial 0-s delay by pressing the FD lever and a no-reset condition in which resetting the PD schedule was unavailable. We found that rats adapted behavior within reset sessions by delaying gratification to obtain more reward in the long run. That is, they selected the FD lever with the longer delay to reset the PD delay back to zero prior to the equality point, thus achieving more reward over the course of the session. These results are consistent with other species, demonstrating that rats can also maximize the net rate of reward by selecting an option that is not immediately beneficial. Moreover, use of this task in rodents might provide insights into how the brain governs normal and abnormal behavior, as well as treatments that can improve self-control. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a118adfa167a0eaff7d23855b56d188bTest
https://doi.org/10.1037/xan0000305Test

3

Glycemic control as an important tool in the prevention of cardiovascular aging in patients with diabetes mellitus

المؤلفون: O. A. Shatskaya, I. Z. Bondarenko, S. S. Kukharenko

المصدر: Медицинский совет, Vol 0, Iss 12, Pp 238-244 (2021)

الوصف: In recent decades, there has been a significant increase in the incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by the development of vascular complications leading to early disability and a decrease in the life expectancy of patients. Aging of the body inevitably leads to the occurrence of age-related diseases, including the cardiovascular system, and increases the risk of death. Metabolic and structural and functional disorders of the cardiovascular system arising in diabetes mellitus have common pathophysiological mechanisms with aging of the body. Chronic hyperglycemia can accelerate the aging process and play a decisive role in the occurrence and prognosis of cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes mellitus. Achieving target glycemic values is an important step towards preventing vascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. Improved models of glucometers, equipped with a number of additional functions, allow for structured self-control of glycemia, analyze the data obtained and carry out timely correction of therapy, actively involve patients in the process of diabetes management, which will significantly increase the efficiency of disease management, reduce the risk of complications in patients and improve the quality of life.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::68731ae9e0c19785a2bc0bc5420fee97Test
https://doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2021-12-238-244Test

4

The clothes that make you eat healthy: The impact of clothes style on food choice

المؤلفون: Xuehua Wang, Jing Lei, Mike Chen-ho Chao, Xiaoyu Wang

المصدر: Journal of Business Research. 132:787-799

الوصف: Consumers often spend a considerable amount of time and resources on clothing, with the hope of influencing how others perceive them. Little is known, though, about how the clothes one wears might influence him/her to behave differently. This research examines the impact of clothes style (formal vs. informal) on consumers’ choice of healthy or unhealthy foods. We find that formal and informal clothes styles can activate different clothes-image associations and thus make consumers more likely choose a food type (healthy or unhealthy) that is congruent with a specific set of clothes-image associations, referred to as clothes-food congruence. For example, wearing formal clothes can activate such formal-clothes associations as being self-controlled and organized. Formal- (vs. informal-) clothes associations are perceived to be congruent with healthy (vs. unhealthy) food choices. Hence, we suggest that clothes-food congruence mediates the relationship between clothes-image associations and food choice. Implications for research as well as for practice are discussed.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::aef4ddf6e0f07331bad97adb85ecae78Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.10.063Test

5

COVID‐19 frauds: An exploratory study of victimization during a global crisis

المؤلفون: Michael L. Benson, Melissa Rorie, Jay P. Kennedy

المصدر: Criminology & Public Policy

الوصف: Research Summary The COVID‐19 pandemic threated public health and safety and led to a number of virus‐related fraud schemes. We surveyed over 2,200 American adults to investigate their experiences with COVID‐19‐related frauds. Our goals were to better understand fraud targeting and victimization, as well as the impacts of fraud on victims. Over a quarter of our sample reported purchasing either a COVID‐19‐related product or a service, yet 42.5% reported feeling targeted for fraud. Being a target of COVID‐19 frauds is significantly linked to one's routine activities, however it is one's level of self‐control that more strongly predicts victimization. COVID‐19 anxieties mediate the impact of self‐control on purchasing. Policy Implications Legal interventions and increased regulations surrounding advertising are a potential mechanism for protecting consumers, yet “soft” interventions that interrupt routine activities might be more useful and applicable. The use of white‐lists and publicly available websites that allow e‐commerce sites and sellers to be verified would help enable higher levels of self‐guardianship. It is also important to provide continuous and clear messaging about what is being done to protect consumers.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::be6dcb0092ebab970a31a41f7e44dac2Test
https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12554Test

6

Breastfeeding Motivation Predicts Infant Feeding Intention and Outcomes: Evaluation of a Novel Adaptation of the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire

المؤلفون: Jenney Stringer, Edwin van Wijngaarden, Ann Dozier, Geoffrey C. Williams, Christopher L. Seplaki, Hayley Martin

المصدر: Journal of Human Lactation. 38:236-247

مصطلحات موضوعية: media_common.quotation_subject, Breastfeeding, Mothers, Intention, Outcomes evaluation, Self-Control, Odds, Pregnancy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Medicine, Child, Infant feeding, media_common, Motivation, business.industry, Amotivation, Medical record, Infant, Obstetrics and Gynecology, medicine.disease, Breast Feeding, Feeling, Female, business, Clinical psychology

الوصف: Background: Identifying those at risk for suboptimal breastfeeding outcomes remains critical for improving maternal and child health. Prenatal breastfeeding motivation may be a key predictor useful for identifying those who would benefit from additional breastfeeding support. Research Aims: To (1) validate a breastfeeding-specific adaptation of the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (TSRQ-BF); and (2) determine if breastfeeding motivation predicts prenatal breastfeeding intentions and early breastfeeding outcomes. Methods: Participants in their third trimester of pregnancy ( N = 150) completed several instruments, including the TSRQ-BF and infant feeding intention, and could opt to participate in an assessment of early breastfeeding outcomes (by medical record review). TSRQ-BF subscales were derived from factor analysis, and multivariable regression was used to evaluate the association between TSRQ-BF subscale scores and breastfeeding intention and outcomes during the birth hospitalization. Results: Autonomous (related to personal values/beliefs regarding self) and Autonomous-Baby (values/benefits for the infant) subscale scores were positively associated with intended exclusivity (aOR [95% CI]: 2.22 [1.57, 3.30], 4.94 [2.49, 11.07], respectively) while higher scores on these subscales predicted longer time to planned cessation (aHR [95% CI]: 0.72 [0.61, 0.84],0.52 [0.34, 0.81]). Higher Amotivation (lack of motivation) scores were negatively associated with intended exclusivity (0.45 [0.26, 0.74]). Higher scores on Autonomous, Autonomous-Baby, and Controlled (avoidance of negative feelings/punishment or gaining reward) subscales were associated with greater odds of hospital exclusivity (aOR [95% CI]: 3.39 [1.75, 8.00], 3.44 [1.66, 9.04] and 6.05 [1.88, 29.04]) and lower odds of 2-day formula supplementation (aOR [95% CI]: 0.31 [0.14, 0.59],0.28 [0.11, 0.59], 0.19 [0.04, 0.62]). Conclusions: The TSRQ-BF predicted breastfeeding intent and outcomes, and may be helpful for identifying patients at risk for suboptimal breastfeeding outcomes before delivery.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::fdf3d070739591d8b89224977658275aTest
https://doi.org/10.1177/08903344211032128Test

7

Age, Sex, and Inhibitory Control: Identifying a Specific Impairment in Memorial, But Not Perceptual, Inhibition in Older Women

المؤلفون: Teal S. Eich, Alexander L. M. Siegel

المصدر: The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences

الوصف: Objectives Declines in the ability to inhibit information, and the consequences to memory of unsuccessful inhibition, have been frequently reported to increase with age. However, few studies have investigated whether sex moderates such effects. Here, we examined whether inhibitory ability may vary as a function of age and sex, and the interaction between these two factors. Method 202 older (mean age = 69.40 years) and younger (mean age =30.59 years) participants who had equivalent educational attainment and self-reported health completed 2 tasks that varied only in the time point at which inhibition should occur: either prior to, or after, encoding. Results While we did not find evidence for age or sex differences in inhibitory processes when information needed to be inhibited prior to encoding, when encoded information being actively held in working memory needed to be suppressed, we found that older women were particularly impaired relative to both younger women and men of either age group. Discussion These results provide further support for the presence of memorial inhibitory deficits in older age, but add nuance by implicating biological sex as an important mediator in this relationship, with it more difficult for older women to inhibit what was once relevant in memory.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::9247073e27fb924a7534c2ce8addc388Test
https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab124Test

8

Improving Treatment Outcome in Children With Obesity by an Online Self-Control Training: A Randomized Controlled Trial

المؤلفون: Eline Vermeiren, Tiffany Naets, Annelies Van Eyck, Leentje Vervoort, Marijke Ysebaert, Nele Baeck, Ann De Guchtenaere, Maria Van Helvoirt, Ann Tanghe, Luc Bruyndonckx, Benedicte Y. De Winter, Stijn L. Verhulst, Kim Van Hoorenbeeck, Caroline Braet

المساهمون: Paediatric Cardiology

المصدر: Frontiers in pediatrics, 9:794256. Frontiers Media S.A.
Frontiers in Pediatrics, Vol 9 (2021)
Frontiers in Pediatrics, 9
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
Frontiers in Pediatrics

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, self-control, randomized controlled (clinical) trial, media_common.quotation_subject, Treatment outcome, Social Sciences, WEIGHT-LOSS, DETERMINANTS, ATTENTIONAL BIAS, Social Development, Pediatrics, RJ1-570, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, law, FOOD, ADOLESCENTS, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, media_common, Original Research, BMI reduction, EXECUTIVE FUNCTION, OVERWEIGHT, business.industry, Self-control, medicine.disease, executive functions, Obesity, inhibition, attention, DEFINITION, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Physical therapy, treatment outcome, Human medicine, CHILDHOOD OBESITY, business, INTERVENTION, childhood obesity

الوصف: Background: Currently available treatment programs for children with obesity only have modest long-term results, which is (at least partially) due to the poorer self-control observed within this population. The present trial aimed to determine whether an online self-control training, training inhibition, and redirecting attentional bias, can improve the short- and long-term treatment outcome of (in- or outpatient) child obesity treatment programs.Methods: In this double-blind multi-center randomized controlled trial (RCT), participants aged 8–18 years with obesity were allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive an online self-control or sham training added to their in- or outpatient multidisciplinary obesity treatment (MOT) program. The primary endpoint was BMI SDS. Data were analyzed by linear mixed models and the main interactions of interest were randomization by time and randomization by number of sessions, as the latter was cumulatively expressed and therefore represents the effect of increasing dose over time.Results: One hundred forty-four inpatient (mean age 14.3 ± 2.2 years, BMI 2.7 ± 0.4 SDS, 42% male) and 115 outpatient children (mean age 11.9 ± 2.1 years, BMI 2.4 ± 0.4 SDS, 45% male) were included. Children's BMI lowered significantly during treatment in both the in- and outpatient treatment centers, p < 0.001. In a mixed model with BMI as dependent variable, randomization by time was non-significant, but the number of self-control trainings (randomization * number of sessions) interacted significantly with setting and with age (p = 0.002 and p = 0.047), indicating a potential effect in younger inpatient residents. Indeed, a subgroup analysis on 22 inpatient children of 8–12 years found a benefit of the number of self-control trainings on BMI (p = 0.026).Conclusions: The present trial found no benefit of the self-control training in the entire study population, however a subgroup of young, inpatient participants potentially benefited.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::0be39a5941f23a1eab8a34bdb48c2252Test
https://pure.amc.nl/en/publications/improving-treatment-outcome-in-children-with-obesity-by-an-online-selfcontrol-trainingTest(53b72bd9-90ad-4368-afec-888bf673ec83).html

9

The effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on food choice‐related self‐control in patients with severe, enduring anorexia nervosa

المؤلفون: Iain C. Campbell, Maria Kekic, Luiza Grycuk, Bethan Dalton, Ulrike Schmidt, Karin Foerde, Joanna E. Steinglass, Jessica McClelland, Savani Bartholdy

المصدر: Dalton, B, Foerde, K, Bartholdy, S, McClelland, J, Kekic, M, Grycuk, L, Campbell, I, Schmidt, U & Steinglass, J E 2020, ' The effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on food choice-related self-control in patients with severe, enduring anorexia nervosa ', International Journal of Eating Disorders, vol. 53, no. 8, pp. 1326-1336 . https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23267Test

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, 050103 clinical psychology, medicine.medical_specialty, Anorexia Nervosa, self-control, media_common.quotation_subject, medicine.medical_treatment, food choice, eating disorders, eating behavior, Audiology, behavioral disciplines and activities, anorexia nervosa, Self-Control, Food Preferences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, mental disorders, Neuroplasticity, Food choice, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, media_common, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, 05 social sciences, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, Cognition, Self-control, medicine.disease, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Preference, 030227 psychiatry, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Psychiatry and Mental health, Eating disorders, Anorexia nervosa (differential diagnoses), Female, business, psychological phenomena and processes

الوصف: Objective Individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) pursue low-fat, low-calorie diets even when in a state of emaciation. These maladaptive food choices may involve fronto-limbic circuitry associated with cognitive control, habit, and reward. We assessed whether high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) influenced food-related choice behavior in patients with severe, enduring (SE)-AN. Method Thirty-four females with SE-AN completed a Food Choice Task before and after 20 sessions of real or sham rTMS treatment and at a 4-month follow-up. During the task, participants rated high- and low-fat food items for healthiness and tastiness and then made a series of choices between a neutral-rated food and high- and low-fat foods. Outcomes included the proportion of high-fat and self-controlled choices made. A comparison group of 30 healthy women completed the task at baseline only. Results Baseline data were consistent with previous findings: relative to healthy controls, SE-AN participants showed a preference for low-fat foods and exercised self-control on a greater proportion of trials. There was no significant effect of rTMS treatment nor time on food choices related to fat content. However, among SE-AN participants who received real rTMS, there was a decrease in self-controlled food choices at post-treatment, relative to baseline. Specifically, there was an increase in the selection of tasty-unhealthy foods. Discussion In SE-AN, rTMS may promote more flexibility in relation to food choice. This may result from neuroplastic changes in the DLPFC and/or in associated brain areas.

وصف الملف: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document; application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::b4d9ded4a1d604840338e77e574a757cTest
https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23267Test

10

Goal-oriented attentional self-regulation training in individuals with acquired brain injury in a subacute phase: a pilot feasibility study

المؤلفون: Suzana Vrhovac, Ursa Cizman Staba, Tatjana Novakovic-Agopian, Vesna Mlinarič Lešnik

المصدر: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. 43:28-36

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, 030506 rehabilitation, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Traumatic brain injury, medicine.medical_treatment, media_common.quotation_subject, Pilot Projects, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Self-Control, Cognitive strategy, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Social skills, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Psychoeducation, Humans, Medicine, Attention, Prospective Studies, Acquired brain injury, Aged, media_common, Memory Disorders, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, business.industry, Rehabilitation, Stroke Rehabilitation, Neuropsychology, Cognition, Self-control, Middle Aged, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, medicine.disease, Feasibility Studies, Female, 0305 other medical science, business, Goals, Mindfulness, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery

الوصف: The primary aim of this prospective pilot study was to assess feasibility of implementing goal-oriented attentional self-regulation (GOALS) training in Slovenia with patients with multiple cognitive deficits after acquired brain injury in acute phase of recovery. Seven patients with acquired brain injury (i.e. stroke, traumatic brain injury, and subarachnoid hemorrhage) with a mean postinjury time of 4.3 months (SD = 1.25) and mean age of 34.5 years (SD = 18.6) were recruited for the study. The group program consisted of 10 sessions twice a week and included cognitive strategy training, social skills training, and psychoeducation. Structured interviews and neuropsychological tests were used before and after the training to determine the influence of the interventions on daily life tasks and attentional networks performance involving cognitive and behavioral domains. GOALS influenced self-reports of positive effect on the individual goals set by the patients. Training had a positive influence on executive control and memory. The results from the present study suggest that it is feasible to implement GOALS manualized executive function training in Slovenia, with the patients in a somewhat more acute stage than in previous studies, and that GOALS training may be a promising nonpharmacological treatment for cognitive and behavioral difficulties after acquired brain injury. Further research is needed to extend these findings in a larger sample.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::53cf22f4a4c45b9b3555db777c34923fTest
https://doi.org/10.1097/mrr.0000000000000380Test

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