المؤلفون: Hao, Zhipeng, Fayolle, Léon, van Tuinen, Diederik, Chatagnier, Odile, Li, Xiaolin, Gianinazzi, Silvio, Gianinazzi-Pearson, Vivienne

المصدر: Journal of Experimental Botany, 2012 Jan 01. 63(10), 3657-3672.

الوصول الحر: https://www.jstor.org/stable/26205200Test

المؤلفون: Cordier, Christelle, Trouvelot, Alain, Gianinazzi, Silvio, Gianinazzi-Pearson, Vivienne

المصدر: ISSN: 0249-5627 ; Agronomie, vol. 16 (1996) p. 679-688.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Micropropagated prunus avium clones, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Phytophthora cinnamomi, Plant growth, Bioprotection

الوصف: Deux champignons endomycorhizogenes a arbuscules (Glomus intraradices, Glomus caledonium), introduits pendant la periode d'acclimatation, ont ete testes pour leur pouvoir infectieux et leur effet sur la croissance de plants micropropages de merisiers (Prunus avium L) transplantes dans deux differents sols neutres, prealablement desinfectes ou non. Les vitroplants endomycorhizes presentent une meilleure croissance que les plantes temoins sur les deux sols desinfectes. L'importance de l'augmentation de croissance est correlee a une importante infection mycorhizienne. Cependant, la nature du sol influence l'etablissement de la symbiose et son effet sur la croissance des plantes. Sur sols non desinfectes, une mycorhization prealable des plants micropropages de Prunus avium est benefique en utilisant des champignons endomycorhizogenes selectionnes pour leur efficacite dans ces sols. La reponse a l'infection endomycorhizienne est egalement fonction du clone de plants micropropages de merisiers. Une seconde etude a egalement montre que l'endomycorhization du merisier a un effet protecteur vis-a-vis du champignon pathogene Phytophthora cinnamomi.

العلاقة: https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:79075Test; unige:79075

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1051/agro:19961013Test
https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:79075Test

المؤلفون: Pozo, Maria J., Cordier, Christelle, Dumasâ€Gaudot, Eliane, Gianinazzi, Silvio, Barea, Jose M., Azcónâ€Aguilar, Concepción

المصدر: ISSN: 0022-0957 ; Journal of experimental botany, vol. 53, no. 368 (2002) p. 525-534.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Bioprotection, Lycopersicon esculentum, Phytophthora, Systemic effect, Arbuscular mycorrhizas

الوصف: Development of biological control for plant diseases is accepted as a durable and environmentally friendly alternative for agrochemicals. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which form symbiotic associations with root systems of most agricultural, horticultural and hardwood crop species, have been suggested as widespread potential bioprotective agents. In the present study the ability of two AMF (Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices) to induce local or systemic resistance to Phytophthora parasitica in tomato roots have been compared using a split root experimental system. Glomus mosseae was effective in reducing disease symptoms produced by P. parasitica infection, and evidence points to a combination of local and systemic mechanisms being responsible for this bioprotector effect. The biochemical analysis of different plant defence-related enzymes showed a local induction of mycorrhiza-related new isoforms of the hydrolytic enzymes chitinase, chitosanase and β-1,3-glucanase, as well as superoxide dismutase, an enzyme which is involved in cell protection against oxidative stress. Systemic alterations of the activity of some of the constitutive isoforms were also observed in non-mycorrhizal roots of mycorrhizal plants. Studies on the lytic activity against Phytophthora cell wall of root protein extracts also corroborated a systemic effect of mycorrhizal symbiosis on tomato resistance to Phytophthora.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/11847251; https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:176872Test; unige:176872

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/53.368.525Test
https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:176872Test

المؤلفون: Slezack, Sophie, Dumas-Gaudot, Eliane, Rosendahl, S., Kjøller, R., Paynot, Michel, Negrel, J., Gianinazzi, Silvio

المصدر: ISSN: 0028-646X ; New phytologist, vol. 142, no. 3 (1992) p. 517-529.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Endoproteolytic activities, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Pisum sativum, Aphanomyces euteiches, Bioprotection

الوصف: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbioses are known to play a role in increased resistance of plants against soilborne pathogens. Mechanisms involved in this phenomenon are not yet well understood. This work investigates possible roles of endoproteolytic activities in bioprotection of Pisum sativum roots by Glomus mosseae against Aphanomyces euteiches . First, it is demonstrated that bioprotection occurs only in pre‐mycorrhizal plants. Second, endoproteolytic activities were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively during AM symbiosis, in plants infected with either zoospores or mycelium of A. euteiches , and in mycorrhizal plants infected with the pathogen. In mycorrhizal symbiosis a progressive increase in endoproteolytic activities was observed following root colonization by G. mosseae . By contrast, in roots inoculated with A. euteiches , a drastic increase in endoproteolytic activities was observed which was correlated with the amount of pathogen occurring in roots. Qualitative differences were seen among the endoproteolytic activities detected in roots inoculated with zoospores or mycelium. The constitutive as well as mycorrhizal and pathogen‐induced activities were further characterized as ‘trypsin‐like’ serine endoproteases. Interestingly, in a situation of bioprotection, only low levels of the activities normally associated with the infection by A. euteiches were detected, suggesting that the synthesis of these proteins is directly linked to the growth or virulence of the pathogen.

العلاقة: https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:172082Test; unige:172082

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1999.00421.xTest
https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:172082Test

المؤلفون: Pozo, Maria J., Cordier, Christelle, Dumas-Gaudot, Eliane, Gianinazzi, Silvio, Barea, Jose M., Azcó-Aguilar, Concepción

المصدر: Journal of Experimental Botany; Mar2002, Vol. 53 Issue 368, p525-534, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: MYCORRHIZAL fungi, PLANT defenses, PHYTOPHTHORA diseases, TOMATO diseases & pests, EXPERIMENTAL botany

مستخلص: Development of biological control for plant diseases is accepted as a durable and environmentally friendly alternative for agrochemicals. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which form symbiotic associations with root systems of most agricultural, horticultural and hardwood crop species, have been suggested as widespread potential bioprotective agents. In the present study the ability of two AMF (Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices) to induce local or systemic resistance to Phytophthora parasitica in tomato roots have been compared using a split root experimental system. Glomus mosseae was effective in reducing disease symptoms produced by P. parasitica infection, and evidence points to a combination of local and systemic mechanisms being responsible for this bioprotector effect. The biochemical analysis of different plant defence‐related enzymes showed a local induction of mycorrhiza‐related new isoforms of the hydrolytic enzymes chitinase, chitosanase and β‐1,3‐glucanase, as well as superoxide dismutase, an enzyme which is involved in cell protection against oxidative stress. Systemic alterations of the activity of some of the constitutive isoforms were also observed in non‐mycorrhizal roots of mycorrhizal plants. Studies on the lytic activity against Phytophthora cell wall of root protein extracts also corroborated a systemic effect of mycorrhizal symbiosis on tomato resistance to Phytophthora. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

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