المؤلفون: Wiley, Erin, King, Carolyn M., Landhäusser, Simon M.

المساهمون: Oxford University Press

المصدر: Aspen Bibliography

مصطلحات موضوعية: carbohydrate storage pools, remobilization, aspen roots, Populus tremuloides, Agriculture, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Forest Sciences, Genetics and Genomics, Plant Sciences

الوصف: Nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) remobilization remains poorly understood in trees. In particular, it remains unclear (i) which tissues (e.g., living bark or xylem) and compounds (sugars or starch) in woody plants are the main sources of remobilized carbon, (ii) to what extent these NSC pools can be depleted and (iii) whether initial NSC mass or concentration is a better predictor of regrowth potential following disturbance. To address these questions, we collected root segments from a large mature trembling aspen stand; we then allowed them to resprout (sucker) in the dark and remobilize NSC until all sprouts had died. We found that initial starch mass, not concentration, was the best predictor of subsequent sprout mass. In total, more NSC mass (~4×) was remobilized from the living inner bark than the xylem of the roots. After resprouting, root starch was generally depleted to

العلاقة: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/aspen_bib/7819Test; https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpz051Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpz051Test
https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/aspen_bib/7819Test

المؤلفون: Zhang, Yangyang, Lu, Piaopiao, Ren, Tao, Lu, Jianwei, Wang, Li

مصطلحات موضوعية: Brassica napusL, logistic equation, genotypic variation, N use efficiency, hybrid, Agriculture, Plant Sciences, Agronomy, BRASSICA-NAPUS L, USE EFFICIENCY, MAIZE ROTATION, CLIMATE-CHANGE, CROP GROWTH, DRY-MATTER, SEED YIELD, MODEL, REMOBILIZATION, BIOMASS

الوصف: Cultivation of winter oilseed rape hybrids has been introduced as a promising solution to improve the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and to reduce the large N balance surpluses in this crop. To achieve a better understanding of the underlying physiological mechanisms, field experiments were conducted over two years to investigate the dynamics of growth and N capture in an oilseed rape hybrid and its parental lines under both low (0 kg ha(-1)) and high (180 kg ha(-1)) N supply. The results showed that the dynamic trajectories of crop growth and N capture could be accurately characterized by logistic equation using growing degree days as the independent variable. At both N rates, the oilseed rape hybrid outperformed the parental lines in seed yield and aboveground biomass accumulation, which was more closely associated with the longer duration (t(d)) of the rapid growth period (RGP), than with the higher maximum growth rate (v(m)). N uptake was the main factor driving genotypic variation in seed yield, with an increasing importance of N utilization efficiency at high N supply. The hybrid had significantly higher N uptake than the parental lines at both low and high N supply, because of largerv(m)for N accumulation during the RGP, which may present a scope for genetically improving NUE in oilseed rape. High N application enhanced crop biomass production and N accumulation, as a result of prolongedt(d)and largerv(m)during the RGP. The initiation of RGP for N accumulation occurred after overwinter period, which could not be accelerated by high N supply, suggesting rational distribution of N fertilizer with reduced basal dose. However, larger amounts in spring would be beneficial for a better synchronization to crop N demand with lower environmental risks.

العلاقة: AGRONOMY-BASEL; http://ir.ihb.ac.cn/handle/342005/38654Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10081183Test
http://ir.ihb.ac.cn/handle/342005/38654Test

المؤلفون: Waters, Brian M., Troupe, Grace

المصدر: Agronomy & Horticulture -- Faculty Publications

مصطلحات موضوعية: iron uptake, iron use efficiency, remobilization, senescence, Agricultural Science, Agriculture, Agronomy and Crop Sciences, Botany, Horticulture, Life Sciences, Other Plant Sciences, Plant Biology, Plant Sciences

الوصف: Aims: Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient, and plant-available Fe is often limited in alkaline soils. Fe deficiency chlorosis decreases plant growth and yield. Identification of germplasm with high and low Fe use efficiency will allow studies to better understand the genetic components for breeding Fe efficient varieties. Methods: A screen using cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seedlings identified varieties that maintained contrasting levels of chlorophyll under Fe deficiency or limitation. A time course of mineral dynamics in cotyledons was conducted. Results: The variety Ashley had the highest chlorophyll under Fe deficiency and per unit Fe in the leaf, while the variety Miniature White had the lowest. Ashley also maintained higher chlorophyll when challenged with low Fe or bicarbonate, accumulated greater quantities of Fe, and had higher root ferric reductase activity. Cotyledons accumulated minerals for the first several days, then Fe, P, K, and Cu were remobilized. The Fe use efficient and inefficient varieties remobilized Fe and P on different timescales. Conclusions: Our results suggest that this screen can identify varieties for systems level studies that could elucidate factors needed for Fe use efficiency and remobilization of minerals. The time course indicated that cotyledon Fe stores did not contribute to seedling Fe use efficiency. Includes supplementary materials.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/agronomyfacpub/831Test; https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1831/viewcontent/Waters_2012_PS_Natural_variation__DC_VERSION.pdfTest

الإتاحة: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/agronomyfacpub/831Test
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1831/viewcontent/Waters_2012_PS_Natural_variation__DC_VERSION.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Waters, Brian M., Uauy, Cristobal, Dubcovsky, Jorge, Grusak, Michael A.

المصدر: Agronomy & Horticulture -- Faculty Publications

مصطلحات موضوعية: biofortification, grain protein content, iron, remobilization, senescence, zinc, Agricultural Science, Agriculture, Agronomy and Crop Sciences, Genetics, Plant Breeding and Genetics, Plant Sciences

الوصف: The NAM-B1 gene is a NAC transcription factor that affects grain nutrient concentrations in wheat (Triticum aestivum). An RNAi line with reduced expression of NAM genes has lower grain protein, iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) concentrations. To determine whether decreased remobilization, lower plant uptake, or decreased partitioning to grain are responsible for this phenotype, mineral dynamics were quantified in wheat tissues throughout grain development. Control and RNAi wheat were grown in potting mix and hydroponics. Mineral (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, S, and Zn) and nitrogen (N) contents of organs were determined at regular intervals to quantify the net remobilization from vegetative tissues and the accumulation of nutrients in grain. Total nutrient accumulation was similar between lines, but grain Fe, Zn, and N were at lower concentrations in the NAM knockdown line. In potting mix, net remobilization of N, Fe, and Zn from vegetative tissues was impaired in the RNAi line. In hydroponics with ample nutrients, net remobilization was not observed, but grain Fe and Zn contents and concentrations remained lower in the RNAi line. When Fe or Zn was withheld post-anthesis, both lines demonstrated remobilization. These results suggest that a major effect of the NAM genes is an increased efflux of nutrients from the vegetative tissues and a higher partitioning of nutrients to grain.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/agronomyfacpub/733Test; https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_PUB_VERSION.pdfTest; https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/0/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_1.xlsTest; https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/1/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_2.xlsTest; https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/2/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_3.xlsTest; https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/3/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_4.pdfTest; https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/4/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_5.pdfTest

الإتاحة: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/agronomyfacpub/733Test
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_PUB_VERSION.pdfTest
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/0/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_1.xlsTest
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/1/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_2.xlsTest
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/2/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_3.xlsTest
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/3/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_4.pdfTest
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/4/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_5.pdfTest