المؤلفون: Amrita Mohan, Jane S. Paulsen, Sarah J. Tabrizi, Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, Rachael I. Scahill, Sarah Gregory, Track-Hd Investigators, Cristina Sampaio, Hans J. Johnson, Govinda Poudel, Arman Eshaghi, Peter A. Wijeratne, Daniel C. Alexander, Predict-Hd Image-Hd, Leon M Aksman, Eileanoir B. Johnson

المصدر: Annals of Neurology

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Neuroimaging, Disease, Statistical power, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, medicine, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Treatment effect, Research Articles, Retrospective Studies, Clinical Trials as Topic, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Magnetic resonance imaging, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, Clinical trial, Observational Studies as Topic, Huntington Disease, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Sample size determination, Female, Observational study, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Article

الوصف: OBJECTIVE The identification of sensitive biomarkers is essential to validate therapeutics for Huntington disease (HD). We directly compare structural imaging markers across the largest collective imaging HD dataset to identify a set of imaging markers robust to multicenter variation and to derive upper estimates on sample sizes for clinical trials in HD. METHODS We used 1 postprocessing pipeline to retrospectively analyze T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 624 participants at 3 time points, from the PREDICT-HD, TRACK-HD, and IMAGE-HD studies. We used mixed effects models to adjust regional brain volumes for covariates, calculate effect sizes, and simulate possible treatment effects in disease-affected anatomical regions. We used our model to estimate the statistical power of possible treatment effects for anatomical regions and clinical markers. RESULTS We identified a set of common anatomical regions that have similarly large standardized effect sizes (>0.5) between healthy control and premanifest HD (PreHD) groups. These included subcortical, white matter, and cortical regions and nonventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We also observed a consistent spatial distribution of effect size by region across the whole brain. We found that multicenter studies were necessary to capture treatment effect variance; for a 20% treatment effect, power of >80% was achieved for the caudate (n = 661), pallidum (n = 687), and nonventricular CSF (n = 939), and, crucially, these imaging markers provided greater power than standard clinical markers. INTERPRETATION Our findings provide the first cross-study validation of structural imaging markers in HD, supporting the use of these measurements as endpoints for both observational studies and clinical trials. ANN NEUROL 2020;87:751-762.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::63cbbdd23cc8609f5c0ed40a8154d1a1Test
https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.25709Test

المؤلفون: Osborne-Crowley, K., Andrews, S.C., Labuschagne, I., Nair, A., Scahill, R., Craufurd, D., Tabrizi, S.J., Stout, J.C., Campbell, C., Campbell, M., Frajman, E., Milchman, C., O'Regan, A., Coleman, A., Santos, R.D., Decolongon, J., Sturrock, A., Bardinet, E., Jauffret, C., Justo, D., Lehericy, S., Marelli, C., Nigaud, K., Pourchot, P., Valabregue, R., Bechtel, N., Bohlen, S., Reilmann, R., Hoffman, A., Kraus, P., Landwehrmeyer, B., Bogaard, S.J.A. van den, Dumas, E.M., Grond, J. van der, t'Hart, E.P., Jurgens, C., Witjes-Ane, M.N., Arran, N., Callaghan, J., Stopford, C., Frost, C., Jones, R., Berna, C., Crawford, H., Fox, N., Gibbard, C., Hobbs, N., Lahiri, N., Malone, I., Ordidge, R., Owen, G., Patel, A., Pepple, T., Read, J., Say, M., Whitehead, D., Wild, E., Keenan, S., Cash, D.M., Hicks, S., Kennard, C., Acharya, T., Axelson, E., Johnson, H., Langbehn, D., Wang, C., Lee, S., Monaco, W., Rosas, H., Queller, S., Whitlock, K., Borowsky, B., Tobin, A., TRACK-HD Investigators

المصدر: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 25(5), 453-461

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, cognition, Emotions, emotion, apathy, Neuropathology, Article, social behavior, Huntington's disease, Rating scale, cognition disorders, medicine, Humans, Psychological testing, Apathy, Cognitive skill, Facial expression, General Neuroscience, Cognition, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Facial Expression, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Huntington Disease, Social Perception, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, Psychology, Facial Recognition, Clinical psychology, Huntington’s disease

الوصف: Objectives: Previous research has demonstrated an association between emotion recognition and apathy in several neurological conditions involving fronto-striatal pathology, including Parkinson’s disease and brain injury. In line with these findings, we aimed to determine whether apathetic participants with early Huntington’s disease (HD) were more impaired on an emotion recognition task compared to non-apathetic participants and healthy controls. Methods: We included 43 participants from the TRACK-HD study who reported apathy on the Problem Behaviours Assessment – short version (PBA-S), 67 participants who reported no apathy, and 107 controls matched for age, sex, and level of education. During their baseline TRACK-HD visit, participants completed a battery of cognitive and psychological tests including an emotion recognition task, the Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale (HADS) and were assessed on the PBA-S. Results: Compared to the non-apathetic group and the control group, the apathetic group were impaired on the recognition of happy facial expressions, after controlling for depression symptomology on the HADS and general disease progression (Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale total motor score). This was despite no difference between the apathetic and non-apathetic group on overall cognitive functioning assessed by a cognitive composite score. Conclusions: Impairment of the recognition of happy expressions may be part of the clinical picture of apathy in HD. While shared reliance on frontostriatal pathways may broadly explain associations between emotion recognition and apathy found across several patient groups, further work is needed to determine what relationships exist between recognition of specific emotions, distinct subtypes of apathy and underlying neuropathology. (JINS, 2019, 25, 453–461)

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::936643670760a9137524f05d8bda6aacTest
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8w21z/apathy-associated-with-impaired-recognition-of-happy-facial-expressions-in-huntington-s-diseaseTest

المؤلفون: D Craufurd, Alexandra Durr, Verena Baake, Track-Hd Investigators, Blair R. Leavitt, Eve M. Dumas, E. van Duijn, Sarah J. Tabrizi, Rachael I. Scahill, Raymund A.C. Roos, Emma M. Coppen, S.J.A. van den Bogaard, Hans J. Johnson

المساهمون: Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), University College of London [London] (UCL)

المصدر: Neuroimage-Clinical
Neuroimage-Clinical, Elsevier, 2018, 19, pp.66-70. ⟨10.1016/j.nicl.2018.03.033⟩
NeuroImage: Clinical, Vol 19, Iss, Pp 66-70 (2018)
NeuroImage : Clinical
NeuroImage: Clinical, 19, 66-70
NeuroImage: Clinical

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cognitive Neuroscience, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Thalamus, Apathy, Disease, Audiology, Logistic regression, lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, lcsh:RC346-429, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Atrophy, Huntington's disease, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Cognitive decline, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Aged, 030214 geriatrics, business.industry, Follow up studies, Brain, Regular Article, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Huntington Disease, Logistic Models, Neurology, Disease Progression, lcsh:R858-859.7, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Follow-Up Studies, Subcortical structures

الوصف: Background Huntington's disease (HD) is characterized by motor and behavioral symptoms, and cognitive decline. HD gene carriers and their caregivers report the behavioral and cognitive symptoms as the most burdensome. Apathy is the most common behavioral symptom of HD and is related to clinical measures of disease progression, like functional capacity. However, it is unknown whether apathy is directly related to the neurodegenerative processes in HD. Objective The aim is to investigate whether an association between atrophy of subcortical structures and apathy is present in HD, at baseline and after 2 years follow-up. Method Volumes of 7 subcortical structures were measured using structural T1 MRI in 171 HD gene carriers of the TRACK-HD study and apathy was assessed with the Problem Behaviors Assessment-Short, at baseline and follow-up visit. At baseline, logistic regression was used to evaluate whether volumes of subcortical brain structures were associated with the presence of apathy. Linear regression was used to assess whether subcortical atrophy was associated with the degree of apathy at baseline and with an increase in severity of apathy over time. Results At baseline, smaller volume of the thalamus showed a higher probability of the presence of apathy in HD gene carriers, but none of the subcortical structures was associated with the degree of apathy. Over time, no association between atrophy of any subcortical structures and change in degree of apathy was found. Conclusion The presence of apathy is associated with atrophy of the thalamus in HD, suggesting that apathy has an underlying neural cause and might explain the high incidence of apathy in HD. However, no association was found between atrophy of these subcortical structures and increase in severity of apathy over a 2-year time period.
Highlights • Apathy is associated with atrophy of the thalamus in HD. • Apathy is already present in the early stages of HD. • Severity of apathy does not drastically increase over a time period of 2 years.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::c749d0334ad4962312ac11c8f2a97266Test
https://hdl.handle.net/1887/77812Test

المؤلفون: Andrews, S.C., Craufurd, D., Durr, A., Leavitt, B.R., Roos, R.A., Tabrizi, S.J., Stout, J.C., Track-HD Investigators

المصدر: Neuropsychology, 32(8), 958-965

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, cognition, Adult, Male, apathy, Disease, Neuropsychological Tests, Neuropsychiatry, 03 medical and health sciences, Executive Function, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Huntington's disease, medicine, Humans, Apathy, Prospective Studies, Aged, behavior, Cognition, Awareness, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Self Concept, 030104 developmental biology, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Mood, Huntington Disease, Disinhibition, Female, medicine.symptom, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology, Executive dysfunction

الوصف: Unawareness of neuropsychiatric symptoms appears to be common in Huntington's disease (HD), but the clinical correlates of unawareness are unclear. Identifying predictors of unawareness is important for improving diagnosis of neuropsychiatric symptoms, and cognitive impairment, specifically executive impairment, may be a potential important predictor of unawareness. The authors examined whether unawareness of neuropsychiatric symptoms is more common in early HD compared to premanifest HD, and whether executive task performance was associated with awareness, independent of demographic, motor or mood variables.One hundred thirty-two gene-positive participants (60 premanifest and 72 early diagnosed) from the multicenter TRACK-HD study were included. Participants and their informants completed self and informant versions of the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale, which measures executive dysfunction, apathy, and disinhibition symptoms. Awareness was measured as the discrepancy between self- and informant-reports across premanifest and early HD groups. Participants' executive task performance was then assessed as a predictor of unawareness across the whole group.Premanifest participants reported higher levels of executive dysfunction, apathy and disinhibition than their informants, whereas early HD participants reported less executive dysfunction and apathy than their informants, indicating that unawareness is more common after diagnosis. Impaired executive task performance was related to unawareness of executive dysfunction and apathy, independent of demographic, motor and mood variables.Executive impairment is a useful early predictor of unawareness of neuropsychiatric symptoms in HD. Clinicians should closely monitor HD patients with executive impairment for unawareness, and consider this when assessing neuropsychiatric symptoms in HD and providing education to patients and families. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::e96efe58ef8eb1b7fedcce9e7489251fTest
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30211612Test

المؤلفون: Miranda J. Say, Alexandra Durr, Julie C. Stout, J Read, Damian Justo, Blair R. Leavitt, Eve M. Dumas, Gail Owen, Sarah J. Tabrizi, A. Coleman, Track-Hd Investigators, Rebecca Jones, Raymund A.C. Roos, David Craufurd

المصدر: Journal of Huntington's Disease. 2:159-175

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Health Status, Psychological intervention, Prodromal Symptoms, Disease, Neuropsychological Tests, Cohort Studies, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Quality of life, Huntington's disease, medicine, Humans, Sibling, Spouses, Psychiatry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, humanities, Huntington Disease, Cohort, Quality of Life, Female, Neurology (clinical), Cognition Disorders, Psychology, Cohort study, Executive dysfunction, Clinical psychology

الوصف: BACKGROUND: Given the multifaceted nature of this inherited neurodegenerative condition, typically affecting adults in mid-life, it is perhaps not surprising that studies indicate poorer Health Related Quality of Life (HrQoL) in those with the gene-expansion and, by association, in their families. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to extend the current literature by exploring specific life domains, including at an earlier disease stage than usually reported in the HRQoL literature, and in a subgroup of gene-negative partners. METHODS: 355 participants from the TRACK-HD cohort (120 Controls, 118 Pre-HD and 117 early-HD) completed standardised self-report measures of HrQoL (SF36 and QoLI), underwent clinical assessments of capacity and motor function (UHDRS), semi structured interviews assessing neuropsychiatric symptoms (PBA-s), completed paper and computerized cognitive tasks and assessment of behaviours associated with damage to frontal brain circuits (FrSBe). RESULTS: Each gene-expanded group scored statistically significantly lower than gene-negative sibling controls on the SF36 General Health subscale; neuropsychiatric symptoms and executive dysfunction were associated with reduced HrQoL. Those with Stage II disease reported statistically significantly lower HrQoL than gene-negative controls across physical, emotional and social life domains. Those partnered with manifest participants reported lower HrQoL in the social domain compared to those partnered with at-risk participants furthest from disease onset; and perseverative symptoms in manifest partners were found to be related to lower HrQoL in their gene-negative partners. HrQoL in gene-negative partners of pre-manifest individuals was associated with pre-manifest individuals' neuropsychiatric and cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding the nature and timing of disruption to the HrQoL in people who are pre-manifest and diagnosed with HD, and their gene-negative partners, can inform the development of appropriate strategies and interventions.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::f3fc48d60730a2fcf3994902d0259555Test
https://doi.org/10.3233/jhd-130051Test

المؤلفون: Tabrizi, S.J., Scahill, R.I., Durr, A., Roos, R.A.C., Leavitt, B.R., Jones, R., Landwehrmeyer, G.B., Fox, N.C., Johnson, H., Hicks, S.L., Kennard, C., Craufurd, D., Frost, C., Langbehn, D.R., Reilmann, R., Stout, J.C., TRACK-HD Investigators

المساهمون: Neurology, NCA - Neurodegeneration

المصدر: The Lancet Neurology, 10(1), 31-42
Lancet Neurology, 10(1), 31-42. Lancet Publishing Group
Tabrizi, S J, Scahill, R I, Durr, A, Roos, R A, Leavitt, B R, Jones, R, Landwehrmeyer, G, Fox, N C, Johnson, H, Hicks, S L, Kennard, C, Craufurd, D, Frost, C, Langbehn, D R, Reilmann, R & Stout, J C 2011, ' Biological and clinical changes in premanifest and early stage Huntington's disease in the TRACK-HD study: the 12-month longitudinal analysis ', Lancet Neurology, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 31-42 . https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422Test(10)70276-3

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Canada, International Cooperation, Movement, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Observation, Disease, Developmental psychology, Young Adult, Atrophy, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Huntington's disease, medicine, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Aged, Netherlands, Brain Mapping, Huntingtin Protein, Brain, Nuclear Proteins, Cognition, Voxel-based morphometry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Huntington Disease, Case-Control Studies, Brain size, Disease Progression, Observational study, voxel-based morphometry whole-brain atrophy structural neuropathology asymptomatic carriers alzheimers-disease regional atrophy cag repeat serial mri predict-hd progression, Female, Neurology (clinical), France, Psychology, Cognition Disorders, Asymptomatic carrier

الوصف: BACKGROUND: TRACK-HD is a prospective observational study of Huntington's disease (HD) that examines disease progression in premanifest individuals carrying the mutant HTT gene and those with early stage disease. We report 12-month longitudinal changes, building on baseline findings. METHODS: we did a 12-month follow-up of patients recruited from the four TRACK-HD study sites in Canada, France, the Netherlands, and the UK. Participants were premanifest individuals (preHD) carrying the mutant HTT gene, patients with early HD, and controls matched by age and sex with the combined preHD and early HD groups. Data were collected by use of 3T MRI and clinical, cognitive, quantitative motor, oculomotor, and neuropsychiatric measures. Statistical analysis assessed annualised change with the use of linear regression models to estimate differences between groups. FINDINGS: 116 preHD individuals, 114 early HD patients, and 115 people in the control group completed follow-up. Four preHD individuals, nine early HD patients, and eight people in the control group did not complete the follow-up. A further nine participants, who completed follow-up assessments, were unable to undergo MRI. After adjustment for demographics, annualised rates of generalised and regional brain atrophy were higher in preHD and early HD groups than in controls. Whole-brain atrophy rates were 0·20% (95% CI 0·05-0·34; p=0·0071) per year higher in preHD participants and 0·60% (0·44-0·76; p

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::eddda013941061fbf8f5aeb7c53556f0Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422Test(10)70276-3

المؤلفون: Labuschagne, I., Cassidy, A.M., Scahill, R.I., Johnson, E.B., Rees, E., O'Regan, A., Queller, S., Frost, C., Leavitt, B.R., Durr, A., Roos, R., Owen, G., Borowsky, B., Tabrizi, S.J., Stout, J.C., TRACK HD Investigators

المصدر: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 22(6), 595-608

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, Prodromal Symptoms, Audiology, Neurodegenerative disease, 050105 experimental psychology, Mental rotation, Cortical thickness, Cuneus, Developmental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Huntington's disease, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Cerebral Cortex, Visual search, Occipital lobe, General Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Parietal lobe, Voxel-based morphometry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Huntington Disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Space Perception, Visual Perception, Basal ganglia, Female, Neurology (clinical), Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, MRI

الوصف: Objectives: Visuospatial processing deficits have been reported in Huntington’s disease (HD). To date, no study has examined associations between visuospatial cognition and posterior brain findings in HD. Methods: We compared 119 premanifest (55> and 64Results: Cross-sectionally, there were strong differences between all disease groups and controls on visual search, and between diagnosed groups and controls on mental rotation accuracy. Only the premanifest participants close to onset took longer than controls to respond correctly to mental rotation. Visual search negatively correlated with disease burden and motor symptoms in diagnosed individuals, and positively correlated with functional capacity. Mental rotation (“same”) was negatively correlated with motor symptoms in stage-2 individuals, and positively correlated with functional capacity. Visual search and mental rotation were associated with parieto-occipital (pre-/cuneus, calcarine, lingual) and temporal (posterior fusiform) volume and cortical thickness. Longitudinally, visual search deteriorated over 12 months in stage-2 individuals, with no evidence of declines in mental rotation. Conclusions: Our findings provide evidence linking early visuospatial deficits to functioning and posterior cortical dysfunction in HD. The findings are important since large research efforts have focused on fronto-striatal mediated cognitive changes, with little attention given to aspects of cognition outside of these areas. (JINS, 2016, 22, 595–608)

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::e263a462809d2125349cbe50e31b13b6Test
https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/2814517/1/s1-ln23097562593644425-1939656818Hwf-1950737648IdV52230430523097562PDF_HI0001.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Johnson, E.B., Rees, E.M., Labuschagne, I., Durr, A., Leavitt, B.R., Roos, R.A.C., Reilmann, R., Johnson, H., Hobbs, N.Z., Langbehn, D.R., Stout, J.C., Tabrizi, S.J., Scahill, R.I., TRACK-HD Investigators

المصدر: Neuropsychologia, 79, 138-146

مصطلحات موضوعية: Huntington's Disease, Adult, Male, Elementary cognitive task, Cognitive Neuroscience, FreeSurfer, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Neuropsychological Tests, Brain mapping, Severity of Illness Index, Cuneus, Visual processing, Behavioral Neuroscience, Young Adult, Cortex (anatomy), medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Visual cortex, Aged, Brain Mapping, Cognition, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, medicine.anatomical_structure, Huntington Disease, Regression Analysis, Female, Occipital Lobe, Occipital lobe, Psychology, Cognition Disorders, Neuroscience, MRI

الوصف: Background The occipital lobe is an important visual processing region of the brain. Following consistent findings of early neural changes in the occipital lobe in Huntington's Disease (HD), we examined cortical thickness across four occipital regions in premanifest (preHD) and early HD groups compared with controls. Associations between cortical thickness in gene positive individuals and performance on six cognitive tasks, each with a visual component, were examined. In addition, the association between cortical thickness in gene positive participants and one non-visual motor task was also examined for comparison. Methods Cortical thickness was determined using FreeSurfer on T1-weighted 3T MR datasets from controls (N=97), preHD (N=109) and HD (N=69) from the TRACK-HD study. Regression models were fitted to assess between-group differences in cortical thickness, and relationships between performance on the cognitive tasks, the motor task and occipital thickness were examined in a subset of gene-positive participants (N=141). Results Thickness of the occipital cortex in preHD and early HD participants was reduced compared with controls. Regionally-specific associations between reduced cortical thickness and poorer performance were found for five of the six cognitive tasks, with the strongest associations in lateral occipital and lingual regions. No associations were found with the cuneus. The non-visual motor task was not associated with thickness of any region. Conclusions The heterogeneous pattern of associations found in the present study suggests that occipital thickness negatively impacts cognition, but only in regions that are linked to relatively advanced visual processing (e.g., lateral occipital, lingual regions), rather than in basic visual processing regions such as the cuneus. Our results show, for the first time, the functional implications of occipital atrophy highlighted in recent studies in HD.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::714902ab553ecd50de7f01bbcf05e858Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26519555Test

المؤلفون: Alexandra Durr, Track-Hd Investigators, Stefan Klöppel, Blair R. Leavitt, Ahmed Abdulkadir, Raymund A.C. Roos, Hans J. Johnson, Olaf Ronneberger, Daniel Kostro, David M. Cash, Rachael I. Scahill, Sarah J. Tabrizi

المصدر: NeuroImage, 98, 405-415

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Scanner, Support Vector Machine, Computer science, Cognitive Neuroscience, computer.software_genre, symbols.namesake, Neuroimaging, Huntington's disease, Voxel, Intracranial volume, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Covariate, medicine, Humans, Gaussian process, Models, Statistical, Between-scanner variability, Support vector machines, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Confounding, Brain, Neuro-degeneration, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magnetic resonance imaging, Pattern recognition, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Classification, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Support vector machine, Structural MRI, Huntington Disease, Neurology, symbols, Female, Artificial intelligence, business, computer

الوصف: Automated analysis of structural magnetic resonance images is a promising way to improve early detection of neurodegenerative brain diseases. Clinical applications of such methods involve multiple scanners with potentially different hardware and/or acquisition sequences and demographically heterogeneous groups. To improve classification performance, we propose to correct effects of subject-specific covariates (such as age, total intracranial volume, and sex) as well as effects of scanner by using a non-linear Gaussian process model. To test the efficacy of the correction, we performed classification of carriers of the genetic mutation leading to Huntington's disease (HD) versus healthy controls. Half of the HD carriers were free of typical HD symptoms and had an estimated 5 to 20years before onset of clinical symptoms, thus providing a model for preclinical diagnosis of a neurodegenerative disease. Structural magnetic resonance brain images were acquired at four sites with pairs of sites which had the identical scanner type, equipment, and acquisition parameters. For automatic classification, we used spatially normalized probabilistic maps of gray matter, then removed confounding effects by Gaussian process regression, and then performed classification with a support vector machine. Voxel-based morphometry of gray matter maps showed disease effects that were spatially wider spread than effects of scanner, but no significant interactions between scanner and disease were found. A model trained with data from a single scanner generalized well to data from a different scanner. When confounding diagnostics groups and scanner during training, e.g. by using controls from one scanner and gene carriers from another, classification accuracy dropped significantly in many cases. By regressing out confounds with Gaussian process regression, the performance levels were comparable to those obtained in scenarios without confound. We conclude that models trained on data acquired with a single scanner generalized well to data acquired with a different same-generation scanner even when the vendor differed. When confounding grouping and scanner during training is unavoidable to gather training data, regressing out inter-scanner and between-subject variability can reduce the loss in accuracy due to the confound.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::007a7a1e5a1ce48c907ba22c2b6a1523Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.04.057Test

المؤلفون: Labuschagne, I, Jones, R, Callaghan, J, Whitehead, D, Dumas, EM, Say, MJ, Hart, EP, Justo, D, Coleman, A, Dar Santos, RC, Frost, C, Craufurd, D, Tabrizi, SJ, Stout, JC, TRACK-HD Investigators

المصدر: Psychiatry Res , 207 (1-2) 118 - 126. (2013)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Antipsychotic Agents, Emotions, Face, Facial Expression, Female, Humans, Huntington Disease, Male, Memory Disorders, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Photic Stimulation, Recognition (Psychology), Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors, psy, socio

الوصف: Facial emotion recognition impairments have been reported in Huntington's disease (HD). However, the nature of the impairments across the spectrum of HD remains unclear. We report on emotion recognition data from 344 participants comprising premanifest HD (PreHD) and early HD patients, and controls. In a test of recognition of facial emotions, we examined responses to six basic emotional expressions and neutral expressions. In addition, and within the early HD sample, we tested for differences on emotion recognition performance between those 'on' vs. 'off' neuroleptic or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) medications. The PreHD groups showed significant (p<0.05) impaired recognition, compared to controls, on fearful, angry and surprised faces; whereas the early HD groups were significantly impaired across all emotions including neutral expressions. In early HD, neuroleptic use was associated with worse facial emotion recognition, whereas SSRI use was associated with better facial emotion recognition. The findings suggest that emotion recognition impairments exist across the HD spectrum, but are relatively more widespread in manifest HD than in the premanifest period. Commonly prescribed medications to treat HD-related symptoms also appear to affect emotion recognition. These findings have important implications for interpersonal communication and medication usage in HD.

العلاقة: http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1377787Test/

الإتاحة: http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1377787Test/