المؤلفون: Reaven, Peter D, Newell, Michelle, Rivas, Salvador, Zhou, Xinkai, Norman, Gregory J, Zhou, Jin J

المصدر: Diabetes Care. 46(4)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Autoimmune Disease, Diabetes, Clinical Research, Prevention, Metabolic and endocrine, Adult, Humans, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Glycated Hemoglobin, Retrospective Studies, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, Glycemic Control, Veterans Health, Hypoglycemic Agents, Hypoglycemia, Insulin, Hyperglycemia, Insulin, Regular, Human

الوصف: ObjectiveTo determine the benefit of starting continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in adult-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) with regard to longer-term glucose control and serious clinical events.Research design and methodsA retrospective observational cohort study within the Veterans Affairs Health Care System was used to compare glucose control and hypoglycemia- or hyperglycemia-related admission to an emergency room or hospital and all-cause hospitalization between propensity score overlap weighted initiators of CGM and nonusers over 12 months.ResultsCGM users receiving insulin (n = 5,015 with T1D and n = 15,706 with T2D) and similar numbers of nonusers were identified from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2020. Declines in HbA1c were significantly greater in CGM users with T1D (-0.26%; 95% CI -0.33, -0.19%) and T2D (-0.35%; 95% CI -0.40, -0.31%) than in nonusers at 12 months. Percentages of patients achieving HbA1c

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/07x0j9dzTest

المؤلفون: Pinsker, Jordan, Dassau, Eyal, Deshpande, Sunil, Raghinaru, Dan, Buckingham, Bruce, Kudva, Yogish, Laffel, Lori, Levy, Carol, Church, Mei, Desrochers, Hannah, Ekhlaspour, Laya, Kaur, Ravinder, Levister, Camilla, Shi, Dawei, Lum, John, Kollman, Craig, Doyle, Francis

المصدر: Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics. 24(9)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adaptation, Artificial pancreas, Automated insulin delivery, Glycemic control, Type 1 diabetes, Adult, Blood Glucose, Cross-Over Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Infant, Newborn, Insulin, Insulin Infusion Systems, Insulin, Regular, Human, Middle Aged, Outpatients, Young Adult

الوصف: Background: Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems have proven effective in increasing time-in-range during both clinical trials and real-world use. Further improvements in outcomes for single-hormone (insulin only) AID may be limited by suboptimal insulin delivery settings. Methods: Adults (≥18 years of age) with type 1 diabetes were randomized to either sensor-augmented pump (SAP) (inclusive of predictive low-glucose suspend) or adaptive zone model predictive control AID for 13 weeks, then crossed over to the other arm. Each week, the AID insulin delivery settings were sequentially and automatically updated by an adaptation system running on the study phone. Primary outcome was sensor glucose time-in-range 70-180 mg/dL, with noninferiority in percent time below 54 mg/dL as a hierarchical outcome. Results: Thirty-five participants completed the trial (mean age 39 ± 16 years, HbA1c at enrollment 6.9% ± 1.0%). Mean time-in-range 70-180 mg/dL was 66% with SAP versus 69% with AID (mean adjusted difference +2% [95% confidence interval: -1% to +6%], P = 0.22). Median time

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/76x9t6n0Test

المؤلفون: May, AC, Aguinaldo, LD, Tan, R, Courtney, KE, Jacobus, J

المصدر: Substance Use & Misuse. 56(6)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Clinical and Health Psychology, Psychology, Mental Health, Prevention, Youth Violence Prevention, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Clinical Research, Violence Research, Pediatric, Youth Violence, Behavioral and Social Science, Pediatric Research Initiative, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Underage Drinking, Substance Misuse, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Child, Female, Humans, Infant, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Prospective Studies, Risk-Taking, Young Adult, Adolescence, alcohol initiation, regular alcohol use, pubertal development status, dating, externalizing, internalizing, Public Health and Health Services, Substance Abuse, Public health, Applied and developmental psychology, Clinical and health psychology

الوصف: ObjectiveThe present longitudinal study examines how age of alcohol initiation and regular use (weekly drinking for ≥6 months) relates to adolescent physiological development, social behaviors, psychological functioning, and substance use patterns. Method: Data are drawn from a prospective sample of 295 youth (42% female) who completed a 15-year longitudinal study. The current investigation uses data collected at 4 timepoints from ages 12-19. Results: Latent growth modeling revealed earlier age of alcohol initiation is associated with (1) a more advanced stage of pubertal development, more self-reported dating experience, and greater externalizing behaviors at ages 12-13 (study entry); (2) a slower rate of change in pubertal development; and (3) greater rate of increase in externalizing and internalizing symptoms from ages 12 to 19. These relationships were not moderated by gender. Conclusion: Early alcohol initiation appears to be associated with early onset pubertal development and dating behaviors. Over time, early alcohol use behaviors may delay pubertal development while exacerbating psychological risk behaviors (i.e. externalizing and internalizing behaviors). These findings suggest the importance of delaying alcohol initiation and may be beneficial for improving existing adolescent substance use prevention efforts.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5t46001nTest

المؤلفون: Kovatchev, Boris, Anderson, Stacey, Raghinaru, Dan, Kudva, Yogish, Laffel, Lori, Levy, Carol, Pinsker, Jordan, Wadwa, R, Buckingham, Bruce, Doyle, Francis, Brown, Sue, Church, Mei, Dadlani, Vikash, Dassau, Eyal, Ekhlaspour, Laya, Forlenza, Gregory, Isganaitis, Elvira, Lam, David, Lum, John, Beck, Roy

المصدر: Diabetes reviews (Alexandria, Va.). 43(3)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Biosensing Techniques, Blood Glucose, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Insulin Infusion Systems, Insulin, Regular, Human, Male, Middle Aged, Mobile Applications, Pancreas, Artificial, Telemedicine, United States, Young Adult

الوصف: OBJECTIVE: Assess the efficacy of inControl AP, a mobile closed-loop control (CLC) system. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This protocol, NCT02985866, is a 3-month parallel-group, multicenter, randomized unblinded trial designed to compare mobile CLC with sensor-augmented pump (SAP) therapy. Eligibility criteria were type 1 diabetes for at least 1 year, use of insulin pumps for at least 6 months, age ≥14 years, and baseline HbA1c

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6zz540wmTest

المؤلفون: Alwan, Heba, Ware, Julia, Boughton, Charlotte K, Wilinska, Malgorzata E, Allen, Janet M, Lakshman, Rama, Nwokolo, Munachiso, Hartnell, Sara, Bally, Lia, de Beaufort, Carine, Besser, Rachel EJ, Campbell, Fiona M, Davis, Nikki, Denvir, Louise, Evans, Mark L, Fröhlich-Reiterer, Elke, Ghatak, Atrayee, Hofer, Sabine E, Kapellen, Thomas M, Leelarathna, Lalantha, Mader, Julia K, Narendran, Parth, Rami-Mehrar, Birgit, Tauschmann, Martin, Thabit, Hood, Thankamony, Ajay, Hovorka, Roman

مصطلحات موضوعية: Artificial pancreas, Closed-loop insulin delivery, Insulin pump therapy, Randomized trial, Type 1 diabetes, Adolescent, Aged, Child, Preschool, Humans, Blood Glucose, Cross-Over Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Hypoglycemia, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Insulin Infusion Systems, Regular, Human, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Adult, Middle Aged

الوصف: Objective: We aimed to assess whether percentage of time spent in hypoglycemia during closed-loop insulin delivery differs by age group and time of day. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from hybrid closed-loop studies involving young children (2-7 years), children and adolescents (8-18 years), adults (19-59 years), and older adults (≥60 years) with type 1 diabetes. Main outcome was time spent in hypoglycemia <3.9 mmol/L (<70 mg/dL). Eight weeks of data for 88 participants were analyzed. Results: Median time spent in hypoglycemia over the 24-h period was highest in children and adolescents (4.4% [interquartile range 2.4-5.0]) and very young children (4.0% [3.4-5.2]), followed by adults (2.7% [1.7-4.0]), and older adults (1.8% [1.2-2.2]); P < 0.001 for difference between age groups. Time spent in hypoglycemia during nighttime (midnight-05:59) was lower than during daytime (06:00-23:59) across all age groups. Conclusion: Time in hypoglycemia was highest in the pediatric age group during closed-loop insulin delivery. Hypoglycemia burden was lowest overnight across all age groups.

وصف الملف: application/msword

العلاقة: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/350613Test; https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.97045Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.97045Test
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/350613Test

المؤلفون: Pottegard, Anton, Andersen, Jacob H., Sondergaard, Jens, Thomsen, Reimar W., Vilsboll, Tina

المصدر: Pottegard , A , Andersen , J H , Sondergaard , J , Thomsen , R W & Vilsboll , T 2023 , ' Changes in the use of glucose-lowering drugs: A Danish nationwide study ' , Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism , vol. 25 , no. 4 , pp. 1002-1010 . https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.14947Test

مصطلحات موضوعية: antidiabetics, drug utilization, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, glucose-lowering medication, pharmacoepidemiology, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors, type 2 diabetes, Insulin, Regular, Human/therapeutic use, Humans, Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/agonists, Denmark, Adult, Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use, Glucose/therapeutic use, Insulin/therapeutic use, Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/therapeutic use

الوصف: Aim: To investigate changes in the pattern of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes in Denmark from 2005 to 2021. Materials and Methods: A nationwide, population-based drug utilization study based on medical databases covering the Danish population was conducted. We assessed incident and prevalent use patterns among all 441 205 individuals initiating at least one non-insulin, glucose-lowering drug. Results: The rate of new users of non-insulin, glucose-lowering drugs increased from 2005, peaked in 2011, decreased to stable levels during 2013 to 2019, then increased dramatically during 2020-2021. The prevalence of use increased from 2.1in 2005) to 5.0in 2021) of the entire adult population. In 2021, metformin comprised 39lowering drug consumption, followed by insulin (17, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) (17, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) (16 and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (7.5. Overall, 56 28 while 13.8 respectively. Both the intensity and diversity of therapies increased substantially over time, with 15 different treatment regimens each covering more than 1021. General practitioners prescribed 88lowering drugs. Marked shifts towards GLP-1RA initiation by general practitioners and SGLT-2i initiation by specialists were observed, and changing user profiles suggested increasing use for non-diabetes indications. Conclusions: The rate of new users of non-insulin, glucose-lowering drugs has increased in recent years and the prevalence of glucose-lowering drug use increases steadily. Glucose-lowering drugs are mainly prescribed by general practitioners, and the intensity, diversity and indications of glucose-lowering treatment are increasing.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/41e7de03-e032-466d-b405-cf1e07e554acTest

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.14947Test
https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/41e7de03-e032-466d-b405-cf1e07e554acTest
https://findresearcher.sdu.dk/ws/files/220376283/Diabetes_Obesity_Metabolism_2022_Potteg_rd_Changes_in_the_use_of_glucose_lowering_drugs_A_Danish_nationwide_study.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Alwan, Heba, Ware, Julia, Boughton, Charlotte K, Wilinska, Malgorzata E, Allen, Janet M, Lakshman, Rama, Nwokolo, Munachiso, Hartnell, Sara, Bally, Lia, de Beaufort, Carine, Besser, Rachel E J, Campbell, Fiona M, Davis, Nikki, Denvir, Louise, Evans, Mark L, Fröhlich-Reiterer, Elke, Ghatak, Atrayee, Hofer, Sabine E, Kapellen, Thomas M, Leelarathna, Lalantha, Mader, Julia K, Narendran, Parth, Rami-Mehrar, Birgit, Tauschmann, Martin, Thabit, Hood, Thankamony, Ajay, Hovorka, Roman

المصدر: Alwan , H , Ware , J , Boughton , C K , Wilinska , M E , Allen , J M , Lakshman , R , Nwokolo , M , Hartnell , S , Bally , L , de Beaufort , C , Besser , R E J , Campbell , F M , Davis , N , Denvir , L , Evans , M L , Fröhlich-Reiterer , E , Ghatak , A , Hofer , S E , Kapellen , T M , Leelarathna , L , Mader , J K , Narendran , P , ....

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adolescent, Aged, Child, Preschool, Humans, Blood Glucose, Cross-Over Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy, Hypoglycemia/chemically induced, Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use, Insulin/adverse effects, Insulin Infusion Systems, Insulin, Regular, Human/therapeutic use, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Adult, Middle Aged

الوصف: Objective: We aimed to assess whether percentage of time spent in hypoglycemia during closed-loop insulin delivery differs by age group and time of day. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from hybrid closed-loop studies involving young children (2-7 years), children and adolescents (8-18 years), adults (19-59 years), and older adults (≥60 years) with type 1 diabetes. Main outcome was time spent in hypoglycemia <3.9 mmol/L (<70 mg/dL). Eight weeks of data for 88 participants were analyzed. Results: Median time spent in hypoglycemia over the 24-h period was highest in children and adolescents (4.4% [interquartile range 2.4-5.0]) and very young children (4.0% [3.4-5.2]), followed by adults (2.7% [1.7-4.0]), and older adults (1.8% [1.2-2.2]); P < 0.001 for difference between age groups. Time spent in hypoglycemia during nighttime (midnight-05:59) was lower than during daytime (06:00-23:59) across all age groups. Conclusion: Time in hypoglycemia was highest in the pediatric age group during closed-loop insulin delivery. Hypoglycemia burden was lowest overnight across all age groups.

العلاقة: https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/48483577-3d0e-4112-a4c4-fa32e633a002Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1089/dia.2023.0061Test
https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/48483577-3d0e-4112-a4c4-fa32e633a002Test
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85164238820&partnerID=8YFLogxKTest
https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/91387a7c-36d6-380f-9b7f-c4323448150bTest/

المساهمون: Loren Skudder-Hill, Ivana R Sequeira, Jaelim Cho, Juyeon Ko, Sally D Poppitt, Maxim S Petrov, Cho, Jae Lim

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Regular, Human, Pancreas / diagnostic imaging

الوصف: A growing body of evidence suggests that intrapancreatic fat is associated with diabetes, but whether distribution of intrapancreatic fat across the regions of the pancreas has a pathophysiologic role is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in intrapancreatic fat deposition between the head, body, and tail of the pancreas, as well as the relationship between regional intrapancreatic fat deposition and diabetes status and insulin traits. A total of 368 adults from the general population underwent MRI on a 3 Tesla scanner, and intrapancreatic fat was manually quantified in duplicate. Statistical models included adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, and liver fat. Intrapancreatic fat deposition in the head, body, and tail of the pancreas did not differ significantly in adjusted models in either the overall cohort or the three subgroups based on diabetes status. HOMA of insulin resistance and fasting insulin were significantly positively associated with fat in the tail and body of the pancreas. There was no significant association between regional intrapancreatic fat and HOMA of β-cell function. The association of increased intrapancreatic fat deposition in the tail and body regions with increased insulin resistance may have an important role in the early identification of patients at risk for developing insulin resistance and diseases that stem from it. ; restriction

العلاقة: DIABETES; J00718; OAK-2022-03438; https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/189584Test; https://diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article/71/6/1182/144633/Fat-Distribution-Within-the-Pancreas-According-toTest; T202203030; DIABETES, Vol.71(6) : 1182-1192, 2022-06

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.2337/db21-0976Test
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/189584Test
https://diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article/71/6/1182/144633/Fat-Distribution-Within-the-Pancreas-According-toTest

المؤلفون: Chothia, Mogamat-Yazied, Humphrey, Toby, Schoonees, Anel, Chikte, Usuf Mohamed Ebrahim, Davids, Mogamat Razeen

المصدر: nlmid: 101285081 ; essn: 1932-6203

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adolescent, Adult, Glucose, Humans, Hyperkalemia, Hypoglycemia, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Regular, Human

الوصف: INTRODUCTION: Hyperkalaemia is a very common electrolyte disorder encountered in hospitalised patients. Although hypoglycaemia is a frequent complication of insulin therapy, it is often under-appreciated. We conducted a scoping review of this important complication, and of other adverse effects, of the treatment of hyperkalaemia in hospitalised adults to map existing research on this topic and to identify any knowledge gaps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported on any adverse effects in hospitalised patients ≥18-years-old, with hyperkalaemia receiving treatment that included insulin. All eligible research from 1980 to 12 October 2021 were included. We searched Medline (PubMed), Embase (Ovid), the Cochrane Library, CINHAL, Africa-Wide Information, Web of Science Core Collection, LILACS and Epistemonikos. The protocol was prospectively registered with the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/x8cs9Test). RESULTS: Sixty-two articles were included. The prevalence of hypoglycaemia by any definition was 17.2% (95% CI 16.6-17.8%). The median timing of hypoglycaemia was 124 minutes after insulin administration (IQR 102-168 minutes). There were no differences in the prevalence of hypoglycaemia when comparing insulin dose (<10 units vs. ≥10 units), rate of insulin administration (continuous vs. bolus), type of insulin (regular vs. short-acting) or timing of insulin administration relative to dextrose. However, lower insulin doses were associated with a reduced prevalence of severe hypoglycaemia (3.5% vs. 5.9%, P = 0.02). There was no difference regarding prevalence of hypoglycaemia by dextrose dose (≤25 g vs. >25 g); however, prevalence was lower when dextrose was administered as a continuous infusion compared with bolus administration (3.3% vs. 19.5%, P = 0.02). The most common predictor of hypoglycaemia was the pre-treatment serum glucose concentration (n = 13 studies), which ranged from < 5.6-7.8 mmol/L. CONCLUSION: This is the first ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/338048Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.85457Test
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/338048Test

المؤلفون: Yıldırım E., Duru S., Sevim T., Topçu F., Gemicioğlu B., Özmen İ., Ocaklı B.

مصطلحات موضوعية: electronic cigarette, pregnancy, regular tobacco cigarette, risk factors, Smoking, nicotine, adolescent, adult, Article, attitude to health, cigarette smoking, cross-sectional study, current smoker, family income, female, gestational age, health survey, housewife, human, human experiment, low birth weight, marriage, maternal smoking, normal human, obstetric delivery, pregnant woman, premature labor, prematurity, questionnaire, risk factor

الوصف: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate attitude and practice toward use of regular tobacco cigarettes and electronic cigarettes among pregnant women. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 1123 pregnant women participated on a voluntary basis in this questionnaire survey. Maternal charac-teristics, cigarette consumption parameters, and personal opinions regarding the adverse effects of smoking during pregnancy were evaluated. RESULTS: Active smokers composed 12.4% (9.4%: regular tobacco cigarettes, 3.0%: electronic cigarettes) of the study population. Smoking during the current pregnancy, particularly via regular tobacco cigarettes, was more likely for women with smoking during previous pregnancies (56.0% vs. 7.8%, P <.001), previous history of low birth weight infant delivery (16.1% vs. 8.6%, P =.013), premature delivery (16.7% vs. 7.0%, P <.001), and stillbirth (22.8% vs. 11.7%, P =.002). The presence versus absence of smoking during pregnancy was associated with a lower likelihood of being a housewife (70.5% vs. 80.5%, P =.010) and a higher likelihood of having an actively smoking mother (25.9% vs. 11.2%, P <.001) or partner (65.7% vs. 46.9%, P <.001). Regular tobacco cigarette users considered electronic cigarettes to have a higher risk of adverse impacts (11.1% vs. 2.9%, P =.012), while electronic cigarette users considered regular cigarettes to have a higher risk of nicotine exposure (55.9% vs. 13.0%, P <.001). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate being employed, having an actively smoking mother or partner, as well as smoking in previous pregnancies, to be the risk factors for increased likelihood of smoking during pregnancy. © 2022, AVES. All rights reserved. ; Funding: The authors declared that this study has received no financial support.

العلاقة: Turkish Thoracic Journal; Makale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı; https://doi.org/10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2022.22078Test; https://hdl.handle.net/11499/47835Test; 23; 409; 419; 2-s2.0-85140577579; 1170583

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2022.22078Test
https://hdl.handle.net/11499/47835Test