نتائج البحث - "Emerging adulthood"

1

Non-suicidal self-injury among first-year college students and its association with mental disorders: results from the World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) initiative

المساهمون: World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) initiative, Clinical Psychology, APH - Global Health, APH - Mental Health, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center, Clinical, Neuro- & Developmental Psychology

المصدر: Kiekens, G, Hasking, P, Bruffaerts, R, Alonso, J, Auerbach, R P, Bantjes, J, Benjet, C, Boyes, M, Chiu, W T, Claes, L, Cuijpers, P, Ebert, D D, Mak, A, Mortier, P, O'Neill, S, Sampson, N A, Stein, D J, Vilagut, G, Nock, M K & Kessler, R C 2023, ' Non-suicidal self-injury among first-year college students and its association with mental disorders : Results from the World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) initiative ', Psychological Medicine, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 875-886 . https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721002245Test
Psychological medicine
Psychological Medicine, 53(3), 875-886. Cambridge University Press
Psychol Med

الوصف: BackgroundAlthough non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is an issue of major concern to colleges worldwide, we lack detailed information about the epidemiology of NSSI among college students. The objectives of this study were to present the first cross-national data on the prevalence of NSSI and NSSI disorder among first-year college students and its association with mental disorders.MethodsData come from a survey of the entering class in 24 colleges across nine countries participating in the World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) initiative assessed in web-based self-report surveys (20 842 first-year students). Using retrospective age-of-onset reports, we investigated time-ordered associations between NSSI and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-IV) mood (major depressive and bipolar disorder), anxiety (generalized anxiety and panic disorder), and substance use disorders (alcohol and drug use disorder).ResultsNSSI lifetime and 12-month prevalence were 17.7% and 8.4%. A positive screen of 12-month DSM-5 NSSI disorder was 2.3%. Of those with lifetime NSSI, 59.6% met the criteria for at least one mental disorder. Temporally primary lifetime mental disorders predicted subsequent onset of NSSI [median odds ratio (OR) 2.4], but these primary lifetime disorders did not consistently predict 12-month NSSI among respondents with lifetime NSSI. Conversely, even after controlling for pre-existing mental disorders, NSSI consistently predicted later onset of mental disorders (median OR 1.8) as well as 12-month persistence of mental disorders among students with a generalized anxiety disorder (OR 1.6) and bipolar disorder (OR 4.6).ConclusionsNSSI is common among first-year college students and is a behavioral marker of various common mental disorders.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::b6d1d53a9a2c6bb71a629ccdfabf61e8Test
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/52747Test

2

Effects of Goal Appraisals and Goal Motivation on Dimensions of Identity Development: A Longitudinal Mixed Methods Analysis of European American Emerging Adults

المؤلفون: Erin T. Barker, Marc H. Bornstein, Diane L. Putnick, Maude Guilmette, Kathryn Mulvihill, E. Gaëlle Hortop

المصدر: Journal of Adult Development

الوصف: In the present study, we investigated the ways in which the ideographic goal descriptions and goal appraisals of European American high school seniors reflect potentials for intentional self-development during emerging adulthood (EA), a lifespan phase characterized by increasing levels of freedom and decreasing age-graded, socially sanctioned developmental norms. Additionally, we investigated whether variation in participants’ goal appraisals and the motivational qualities emergent in their goal descriptions would predict variation in dimensions of identity development, both concurrently at age 18 and prospectively at age 23. Results of an exploratory, mixed method analysis of participants’ (N = 129, 56.6% male, Mage = 18.24, SD = 0.37) goal data revealed diversity in education and work goals, strong potentials for intentional self-development reflected across goal appraisals, and more nuanced reflections of intentional self-development across the motivational qualities emergent in goal descriptions. Results partially supported the hypothesis that goal appraisals and motivational qualities that reflect potentials for intentional self-development would predict kindred processes of identity development across the first five years of EA. These findings contribute to a nascent empirical literature focused on the interrelationship of goal and identity constructs during EA and suggest new avenues for future research. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10804-021-09386-0.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a4d90c40591ae69046f848d206479442Test
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8299736Test

3

Relationship dissolution in the friendships of emerging adults: How, when, and why?

المؤلفون: Melanie A. Dirks, Miriam H. Kirmayer, Thomas H. Khullar

المصدر: Journal of Social and Personal Relationships

الوصف: Maintaining high-quality friendships is a key predictor of well-being during emerging adulthood, yet factors leading to friendship dissolution—defined here as actions that may decrease friendship quality or end the relationship completely—are poorly understood. Using an open-ended interview paradigm, we elicited 179 emerging adults’ (55.9% female; Mage = 20.42, SD = 1.54; 95.0% full-time university students) description of their behavioral responses to 53 hypothetical vignettes involving challenging situations with same-gender friends. We systematically coded participants’ 9,487 verbatim responses, identifying three types of friendship dissolution behaviors: completely ending the friendship, distancing from the friend, or compartmentalizing aspects of the friendship. Examining the occurrence of each response across different types of challenging situations, we found that transgressions by friends were more likely to elicit reported use of distancing and ending strategies. We also began to investigate associations between interpersonal goals and dissolution strategies, finding that stronger endorsement of the goal of asserting oneself was linked to greater odds of reporting ending the friendship, whereas the more participants reported that they would be trying to stay friends, the lower the odds of reporting either ending the relationship or distancing from the friend. Implications for future research on interpersonal processes in friendships are discussed.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::b206c5c8ed994aa102a4b48976a78967Test
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8573342Test

4

Dynamics of the Causes Of Crime: a Life-Course Application of Situational Action Theory for the Transition from Adolescence to Adulthood

المؤلفون: Georg Kessler, Jost Reinecke

المصدر: Journal of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology. 7:229-252

الوصف: Purpose According to the Developmental Ecological Action Model (DEA) of the situational action theory (SAT), changes in crime rates over the life-course are explained through personal (moral) maturation and socio-ecological selection. This assumption is empirically tested by comparing results for the conditioning effect of the principle of moral correspondence (as an essential part of SAT’s perception-choice process) on crime rates for the transition from adolescence to adulthood. Methods Comparing two waves of a German longitudinal study (CrimoC, 17 and 26 years old, n = 1738), a series of logistic and multinomial logistic regressions and ensuing estimated transition probabilities capture the cross-sectional but also developmental processes involved. Additionally, the CrimoC study offers a differential analysis of offending scales, separating offenses into youth and adult crimes. Results The principle’s conditioning effect on crime could be replicated at both times. We can observe a general trend of individual transitions, which correspond to predicted personal maturation and socio-ecological selection. The transitions correlate with the expected reduction in crime rates over time. Males and females show comparable results. The separation into different offending scales yielded tentative insights. Conclusion We found stability in the mechanisms leading to crime as proffered by SAT and DEA across time. Personal (moral) maturation and socio-ecological selection are likely to be the driving forces behind reducing crime in adulthood. Future research needs to explain in detail how life-course events influence these factors. Considering adult crimes in the analysis is a promising endeavor that warrants further investigation.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a33a0297c8e63814ae8525965fac8da5Test
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40865-021-00161-zTest

5

Disentangling multiproblem behavior in male young adults

المؤلفون: Reshmi Marhe, Arne Popma, Maaike Jorink, Floor Bevaart, Matty R. Crone, Laura van Duin, Josjan Zijlmans, Marie-Jolette A. Luijks

المساهمون: Pediatrics, APH - Mental Health, VU University medical center, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Clinical Psychology, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Academic Medical Center

المصدر: Development and Psychopathology, 33(1), 149-159. CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
Development and Psychopathology, 33(1), 149-159. Cambridge University Press
Zijlmans, J, Van Duin, L, Jorink, M, Marhe, R, Luijks, M J A, Crone, M, Popma, A & Bevaart, F 2021, ' Disentangling multiproblem behavior in male young adults : A cluster analysis ', Development and Psychopathology, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 149-159 . https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579419001652Test
Development and psychopathology. Cambridge University Press

مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, media_common.quotation_subject, Poison control, Suicide prevention, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Risk Factors, life domains, Injury prevention, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Juvenile delinquency, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, media_common, biology, Addiction, 05 social sciences, delinquency, biology.organism_classification, Mental health, multiproblem, Aggression, Psychiatry and Mental health, Physical abuse, Mental Health, emerging adulthood, Cannabis, Psychology, 050104 developmental & child psychology, Clinical psychology, cluster analysis

الوصف: Multiproblem young adults present with major problems across key life domains, but empirical studies investigating the nature of multiproblem behavior in accordance to ecobiodevelopmental theory are scarce. To address this gap, we performed a cluster analysis on indicators spanning the key life domains addiction, mental health, social network, and justice. In a large sample (N = 680) of multiproblem young adults, we identified five subgroups labeled “severe with alcohol and cannabis problems” (4.3%), “severe with cannabis problems” (25.6%), “severe without alcohol or drug problems” (33.2%), “moderate with mental health problems” (22.9%), and “moderate without mental health problems” (14.0%). There were large differences between the severe and moderate groups in terms of childhood risk factors such as emotional and physical abuse, concerning baseline functioning such as comorbid disorders and aggressive behavior, and in the outcome measure of violent offending. Our findings indicate that multiproblem young adult behavior clusters within profiles that differ according to the severity and nature of problems. Investing in screening for clustered problems may be beneficial for early problem differentiation and selection of appropriate intervention before and during treatment programs.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::44212ab45f36300621291871e8d0cc76Test
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419001652Test

6

Career and College Readiness for Underserved Youth: Educator and Youth Perspectives

المؤلفون: Carolynne Beno, John Lind, Lauren Lindstrom, Kara A. Hirano, Kevin A. Gee

المصدر: Youth & Society, vol 54, iss 2

الوصف: This study solicited perspectives of underserved youth and educators who serve them regarding college and career readiness. We defined underserved youth as adolescents who experience inequitable access to educational resources. Purposeful sampling was used to select 84 focus group participants including educators and students (9–12th grade). Utilizing grounded theory analysis, focus group data revealed findings in three key categories. First, student and educator participants defined readiness as specific career knowledge and skills to develop concrete postschool plans. Second, both educators and students perceived limited availability of career preparation experiences as a barrier, while educators also provided examples of challenging life circumstances which deter youth from fully realizing their college and career potential. Third, educators and students reported that providing a broad array of career related learning activities, coupled with the presence of trusted adults who serve as mentors and guides, can create capacity for young people to expand career options.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::bf4ff8244499c6e142cbf4616fca35bdTest
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8wd0d0s7Test

7

Emerging adults' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective longitudinal study on the importance of social support

المؤلفون: Karin Roelofs, William J. Burk, Antonius H. N. Cillessen, Yvonne H. M. van den Berg

المصدر: Emerging Adulthood, 9, 618-630
Emerging Adulthood
Emerging Adulthood, 9, 5, pp. 618-630

مصطلحات موضوعية: 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Longitudinal study, medicine.medical_specialty, 230 Affective Neuroscience, longitudinal, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 050109 social psychology, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Social Development, COVID-19 Special Issue, Experimental Psychopathology and Treatment, Social support, Pandemic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Life-span and Life-course Studies, Psychiatry, 05 social sciences, COVID-19, social support, Mental health, emerging adulthood, Psychology, mental health, 050104 developmental & child psychology

الوصف: Contains fulltext : 237848.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate emerging adults' mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and whether social support from mothers, fathers, and best friends moderated the change in mental health. Participants were 98 emerging adults (46% men) who were assessed prior to COVID-19 (Mage = 20.60 years) and during the first lockdown (Mage = 22.67 years). Results indicated that the pandemic did not uniformly lead to elevated levels of mental health problems, but instead depended on level of mental health problems prior to COVID-19 and the source of support. For emerging adults who already experienced more problems prior to COVID-19, more maternal support was related to decreases in general psychological distress and depressive symptoms, whereas more paternal support was related to increases in general psychological distress and depressive symptoms. Support from best friends were not associated with (changes in) mental health. 13 p.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::8da6ca1ae621883005101bb07ebbcf9cTest
https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968211039979Test

8

Anxiety mediates the relationship between childhood adversity and perceived current life stress in a diverse sample of emerging adults

المؤلفون: Matthew D. McPhee, Suzanne Erb, Cinthia S. Tao, Olivia Podolak Lewandowska, Nayani Ramakrishnan

المصدر: International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 256-265 (2021)

الوصف: Childhood adversity is associated with increased current life stress in adulthood and is often influenced by subjective appraisals related to anxiety. Anxiety is a multifaceted construct that includes variability in assumed presentation. The current study assessed the unique mediating effects of both trait and symptom-based anxiety on childhood adversity and current life stress. Undergraduate students enrolled in a large, urban, public university (N = 638, 89% non-Caucasian) completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Perceived Stress Scale. A parallel mediation demonstrated that both trait and symptom-based anxiety fully mediated the relationship between childhood adversity and perceived current life stress and that these effects are statistically different (b = .112, SE = .020, 95% CI [.074, .153]). Thus, we demonstrated a unique mediating role of two different anxiety indices that varied in strength of their respective contributions to the model.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::05cb9981f4bda9fc2e4134d6c928c302Test
https://doaj.org/article/623e993e1ef544df83c50b9c9df26288Test

9

Das Konzept ‚Emerging Adulthood‘ aus jugendtheoretischer und zeitdiagnostischer Sicht

المؤلفون: Vera King

المصدر: Diskurs Kindheits-und Jugendforschung / Discourse. Journal of Childhood and Adolescence Research
Emerging Adulthood

الوصف: Im Beitrag wird das Konzept des 'Emerging Adulthood' von Arnett aus jugendtheoretischer und zeitdiagnostischer Sicht kritisch erörtert. Nach der Einführung (Teil 1) wird das Konzept zunächst mit Blick auf Phänomene und mögliche Ursachen diskutiert (Teil 2); anschließend theoretisch-begrifflich, bezogen auf die Konstitutionslogik von Lebensphasen und Erwachsensein (Teil 3) analysiert. Es folgen zeitdiagnostische Betrachtungen mit Blick auf Wandlungen des Erwachsenwerdens sowie der Lebensführung von Jüngeren und Älteren in der gegenwärtigen digitalen Moderne (Teil 4) sowie ein Fazit (Teil 5). The author critically examines Arnett's concept of 'Emerging Adulthood' from a youth-theoretical and contemporary diagnostic perspective. After the introduction (Part 1), the concept is first discussed with regard to phenomena and possible causes (Part 2); then it is analysed theoretically and conceptually in relation to the constitutional logic of life phases and adulthood (Part 3). This is followed by a diagnostic analysis of the changes in growing up and the lifestyle of younger and older people in the current digital modern age (Part 4) and a conclusion (Part 5).

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::9eef1c3e62a8e1516381dbe10aca5894Test
https://doi.org/10.3224/diskurs.v15i4.02Test

10

Emerging Adulthood, soziale Benachteiligung und transnationale Migration

المؤلفون: Javier A. Carnicer, Helena Dedecek Gertz

المصدر: Diskurs Kindheits-und Jugendforschung / Discourse. Journal of Childhood and Adolescence Research
Emerging Adulthood

مصطلحات موضوعية: Bildungsverlauf, biography, Benachteiligung, Adoleszenz, Jugendsoziologie, Soziologie der Kindheit, migration, soziale Ungleichheit, Sociology & anthropology, deprivation, Bildung, educational opportunity, 03 medical and health sciences, soziale Mobilität, course of education, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Social inequality, Sociology, social mobility, Migration, Sociology of Migration, Social sciences, sociology, anthropology, Biographie, junger Erwachsener, youth, Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Emerging Adulthood, transnational migration, social inequality, 030505 public health, Sociology of the Youth, Sociology of Childhood, 05 social sciences, Jugendlicher, Social mobility, Soziologie, Anthropologie, adolescent, Jugend, ddc:300, young adult, adolescence, ddc:301, Bildungschance, 0305 other medical science, Humanities, 050104 developmental & child psychology

الوصف: Emerging Adulthood ist von Arnett (2000) als eine Lebensphase der Selbstfindung und der Instabilität zwischen der Adoleszenz und dem Erwachsenenalter vorgeschlagen worden. Auf der Grundlage einer Fallstudie fragen wir in diesem Beitrag, wie transnationale Migrationserfahrungen diese Phase beeinflussen. Gleichzeitig reflektieren wir, inwiefern das Konzept der Emerging Adulthood im Kontext von Jugend, transnationaler Migration und sozialer Benachteiligung angemessen ist. Arnetts Konzept betrachten wir eher als ein Narrativ, das zentrale gesellschaftlichen Erwartungen artikuliert. Auf diese Weise eignet es sich als sensibilisierendes Konzept, um Verhältnisse zu beschreiben, die diesen Erwartungen verletzen. Emerging adulthood has been proposed by Arnett (2000) as an extended period of exploration and instability between adolescence and adulthood. Based on a case study, we ask how transnational migration experiences influence this period. In parallel, we also reflect on the adequacy of the concept of emerging adulthood for the study of youth and transnational migration in conditions of social disadvantage. We regard Arnett’s concept as a narrative that articulates central social expectations. As such, it can serve as a sensitizing concept to describe conditions that violate these expectations.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::aae0bcd9b02e943bdb3ef4061e41e55bTest
https://doi.org/10.3224/diskurs.v15i4.05Test

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