المؤلفون: Junling Zhang, Jianbo Shen, Enli Wang, Weina Zhang, Haigang Li, Hamish E. Brown

المصدر: Crop Journal, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 254-261 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0106 biological sciences, Field experiment, Agriculture (General), chemistry.chemical_element, Biomass, Plant Science, Biology, Organ development, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, Remobilization, S1-972, Crop, Human fertilization, Cultivar, Phosphorus, Individual leaves, Agriculture, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, chemistry, Agronomy, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Agronomy and Crop Science, Partitioning, 010606 plant biology & botany

الوصف: Maize growth, organ development, and yield formation are highly controlled by the manner in which the plant captures, partition, and remobilizes biomass and phosphorus (P). Better understanding of biomass and P accumulation, partition, and remobilization processes will improve modeling of crop resource use. However, there is still a lack of detailed data to parameterize the modeling of these processes, particularly for modern maize cultivars. A two-year (2016 and 2017) field experiment with three P fertilization treatments (0 (P0), 75 (P75), and 300 (P300) kg P2O5 ha−1) was conducted on a Fluvo-aquic soil (Quzhou, Hebei province, China) to collect data and quantify key processes for a representative modern maize cultivar (Zhengdan 958) widely grown in China. The proportions of biomass and P partitioned into various maize organs were unaffected by P application rate. Zhengdan 958 showed a much lower leaf-senescence rate than older cultivars, resulting in post-silking leaf photosynthesis being sufficient to meet grain biomass demand. In contrast, 50%–85% of leaf P and 15%–50% of stem P accumulated pre-silking were remobilized into grain, in spite of the large proportion of post-silking P uptake. Our results are consistent with the theory that plants use resources according to the priority order of re-allocation from senescence followed by assimilation and uptake, with the re-translocation of reserves last. The results also enabled us to estimate the threshold P concentrations of Zhengdan 958 for modeling crop P demand. The critical leaf P concentration for individual leaves was 0.25%–0.30%, with a corresponding specific leaf P (SLP) of 75–100 mg P m−2. The structural P concentration for leaf was 0.01%, corresponding to an SLP of 3.8 mg P m−2. The maximum P concentrations of leaves and stems were 0.33% and 0.29%. The residual P concentration for stems was 0.006%.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::6d993814dad575988c0dc336d36e6f90Test
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514121000702Test

المؤلفون: Yinghua Zhang, Chunsheng Yao, Zhen Zhang, Jinpeng Li, Yang Liu, Zhimin Wang

المصدر: Crop Journal, Vol 9, Iss 6, Pp 1397-1407 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Dry matter and nitrogen remobilization, 0106 biological sciences, Canopy, Irrigation, Agriculture (General), Field experiment, Growing season, Plant Science, engineering.material, Biology, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, S1-972, Animal science, Protein concentration, Relative humidity, Dry matter, Grain yield, Canopy environment, food and beverages, Agriculture, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, digestive system diseases, Winter wheat, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, engineering, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Fertilizer, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany

الوصف: Increased grain yield (GY) and grain protein concentration (GPC) are the two main targets of efforts to improve wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in the North China Plain (NCP). We conducted a three-year field experiment in the 2014–2017 winter wheat growing seasons to compare the effects of conventional irrigation practice (CI) and micro-sprinkling irrigation combined with nitrogen (N) fertilizer (MSI) on GY, GPC, and protein yield (PY). Across the three years, GY, GPC, and PY increased by 10.5%–16.7%, 5.4%–8.0%, and 18.8%–24.6%, respectively, under MSI relative to CI. The higher GY under MSI was due primarily to increased thousand-kernel weight (TKW). The chlorophyll content of leaves was higher under MSI during the mid–late grain filling period, increasing the contribution of post-anthesis dry matter accumulation to GY, with consequent increases in total dry matter accumulation and harvest index compared to CI. During the mid–late grain filling period, the canopy temperature was markedly lower and the relative humidity was higher under MSI than under CI. The duration and rate of filling during the mid–late grain filling period were also higher under MSI than CI, resulting in higher TKW. MSI increased the contribution of post-anthesis N accumulation to grain N but reduced the pre-anthesis remobilization of N in leaves, the primary site of photosynthetic activity, possibly helping maintain photosynthate production in leaves during grain filling. Total N at maturity was higher under MSI than CI, although there was little difference in N harvest index. The higher GPC under MSI than under CI was due to a larger increase in grain N accumulation than in GY. Overall, MSI simultaneously increased both GY and GPC in winter wheat grown in the NCP.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::8d653e0b42ea2210aca6b1792da6e133Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2020.12.009Test

المؤلفون: Ya-long Kang, Yangchun Xu, Xin-lan Mei, Caixia Dong, Hai-bo Jiang, Hong-xu Li, Ming-xin Zhao

المصدر: Journal of Integrative Agriculture, Vol 19, Iss 5, Pp 1340-1353 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0106 biological sciences, Field experiment, Agriculture (General), Distribution (economics), Plant Science, Biology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, S1-972, N distribution, Human fertilization, Food Animals, Spring (hydrology), N remobilization, PEAR, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, N storage, business.industry, Pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd cv. Huangguan), 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Horticulture, Shoot, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, engineering, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Animal Science and Zoology, Fertilizer, fertilization time, Bloom, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany, Food Science

الوصف: In order to improve the management of nitrogen (N) fertilization in pear orchards, we investigated the effects of application timing on the distribution, storage, and remobilization of N in mature pear trees in a field experiment at Jingtai County, Gansu Province, China. Nine trees were selected for the experiment and each received equal aliquots of 83.33 g N in the autumn, spring, and summer, with 15N-labeled (NH4)2SO4 used in one of the aliquots each season. Results showed that the (15N H4)2SO4 applied in the autumn remained in the soil during the winter. In the following spring this N was absorbed and rapidly remobilized into each organ, especially new organs (leaves, fruit and new shoots). The 15N supplied in spring was rapidly transported to developing fruit between the young fruit and fruit enlargement stages. 15N from the summer application of fertilizer was mainly stored in the coarse roots over the winter, then was mobilized to support growth of new organs in spring. In conclusion, for pear trees we recommend that the autumn application of N-fertilizer be soon after fruit harvest in order to increase N stores in fine roots. Spring application should be between full bloom and the young fruit stages to meet the high N demands of developing fruit. Summer application of fertilizer at the fruit enlargement stage does not contemporaneously affect the growth of pears, but increases the N stored in coarse roots, and in turn the amount available for remobilization in spring.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::2b7877d0abe08227d4b609f91795f7c1Test
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311919627589Test

المؤلفون: Zhang Lili, Peng Hou, Xiang-li Zhou, Jun Fu, Fan Ye, Hua Qi, Yang Hailong

المصدر: Journal of Integrative Agriculture, Vol 18, Iss 8, Pp 1882-1892 (2019)

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0106 biological sciences, Canopy, Agriculture (General), chemistry.chemical_element, Plant Science, Biology, maize, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Green leaf, S1-972, Persistence (computer science), Food Animals, post-silking N uptake, Dry matter, stay green, Hybrid, N remobilization, Ecology, plant density, Plant density, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Nitrogen, Horticulture, chemistry, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Animal Science and Zoology, Nitrogen accumulation, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany, Food Science

الوصف: Stay green (SG) maize was found to have higher grain yield and post-silking nitrogen (N) uptake (PostN) compared with a non-stay green (NSG) hybrid. To understand the effects of plant density on grain yield (GY) and N efficiency in modern maize hybrids, we compared two modern hybrids (SG hybrid DY508 and NSG hybrid NH101) with similar maturity ratings at three plant densities (45000, 60000, and 75000 pl ha−1) in 2014 and 2015. GY, leaf senescence, dry matter (DM) accumulation, N accumulation, PostN, and post-silking N remobilization (RemN) were analyzed. DY508 and NH101 had similar GY, but DY508 had higher thousand kernel weight (TKW) and lower kernel number (KN) than NH101. Plant density significantly increased GY in the two hybrids. On average, over the two years, plant density improved GY in DY508 and NH101 by 18.5 and 11.1%, respectively, but there were no differences in total dry matter (TDM) and post-silking DM (PostDM) between the two hybrids. Plant density improved leaf N, stem N, and grain N at the silking and maturity stages in 2014 and 2015. DY508 was lower in harvest index (HI), nitrogen harvest index (NHI), and grain N concentration (GNC) than NH101. Grain N in DY508 was 2.61 kg ha−1 less than in NH101, and this was caused by lower GNC and leaf RemN. On the average, DY508 was 1.62 kg ha−1 less in leaf remobilized N (leaf RemN) than NH101, but was similar in stem remobilized N (stem RemN; 2.47 kg ha−1 vs. 3.41 kg ha−1). Maize hybrid DY508 shows delayed leaf senescence in the upper and bottom canopy layers in the later stages of growth. The present study provides evidence that the NH101, which has rapid leaf senescence at the late grain-filling stage, has gained equivalent GY and higher leaf RemN, and was more efficient in N utilization.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::c88956352f88e6a016d144f92c6ec63dTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/s2095-3119Test(18)62087-8

المؤلفون: María Rosa Simón, María Constanza Fleitas, Ana Carolina Castro, Matías Schierenbeck

المصدر: Frontiers in Plant Science
Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 11 (2020)
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
instacron:CONICET
SEDICI (UNLP)
Universidad Nacional de La Plata
instacron:UNLP

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0106 biological sciences, N FERTILIZATION, bread wheat, Wheat flour, Biomass, FOLIAR DISEASE SEVERITY, Review, foliar disease severity, Plant Science, lcsh:Plant culture, Biology, fungicides, 01 natural sciences, BREAD-MAKING QUALITY, Crop, FUNGAL PATHOGENS, FUNGICIDES, lcsh:SB1-1110, Dry matter, Ciencias Agrarias, bread-making quality, N remobilization, chemistry.chemical_classification, Pyrenophora, food and beverages, BREAD WHEAT, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, N fertilization, Gluten, Fungicide, chemistry, Agronomy, N POST-ANTHESIS ABSORPTION, purl.org/becyt/ford/4.1 [https], 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Habit (biology), fungal pathogens, N REMOBILIZATION, N post-anthesis absorption, purl.org/becyt/ford/4 [https], 010606 plant biology & botany

الوصف: Foliar fungal diseases affect yield and quality of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) causing important losses. They may impact differently on crop growth-rate, modifying nitrogen (N) dynamics and carbohydrate accumulation in the grain. The relationship between N and carbohydrates accumulation determines the grain protein concentration which impacts on the gluten concentration and rheological properties of the wheat flour. In addition, types of fungicides and N fertilization can influence the intensity of foliar diseases and have an effect on the milling and end-use quality, depending on the bread-making aptitude of the genotypes, the nutritional habit of the pathogens involved the amount and time of the infections, environmental factors and interactions between these factors. In that way, N fertilization may increase or decrease the severity of the diseases depending on the nutritional habit of the pathogen. Some fungicides, such as strobilurins and carboxamides, produce high levels of disease control, and prolong the healthy leaf area duration which translates into important yield responses potentially compromising the grain protein concentration by additional carbohydrate production with consequences in the bread-making quality. Furthermore, infections caused by biotrophic pathogens can be more detrimental to N accumulation than to dry matter deposition, whereas the reverse has been generally true for diseases caused by necrotrophic pathogens. The time of infection could also affect yield components and N dynamics differentially. Early epidemics may reduce the number of grains per area and the N remobilization, whereas late epidemics may affect the thousand kernel weight and mainly the N absorption post-flowering. A review updating findings of the effects of infections caused by foliar fungal pathogens of different nutritional habits and the incidence of several factors modifying these effects on the above-ground biomass generation, N dynamics, protein and gluten concentration, milling, rheological properties, loaf volume and other quality-related trait is summarized. Three main pathogens were especially taken as representative of biotrophic (Puccinia triticina), necrotrophic (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) and hemibiotrophic (Zymoseptoria tritici) nutritional habit, as recent information is available and some general models of their effects are proposed. New challenges for researchers to minimize the impact of foliar diseases on end-use quality are also discussed.
Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::6fbb5ac1c36e450d1b65fa449eb4f058Test
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.569401Test

المؤلفون: Nigel D. Swarts, Dugald C. Close, Bi Zheng Tan, P Quin

المصدر: Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
Frontiers in Plant Science

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0106 biological sciences, Malus, Fertigation, Perennial plant, chemistry.chemical_element, Plant Science, Biology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, nitrogen use efficiency, SB1-1110, chemistry.chemical_compound, Animal science, Nitrate, storage (nitrogen), partitioning (nitrogen), Original Research, 15N, Plant culture, application timing, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, Nitrogen, nitrogen uptake, Deciduous, chemistry, remobilization (nitrogen), 040103 agronomy & agriculture, engineering, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Dormancy, Fertilizer, 010606 plant biology & botany

الوصف: Optimizing the utilization of applied nitrogen (N) in fruit trees requires N supply that is temporally matched to tree demand. We investigated how the timing of N application affected uptake, allocation, and remobilization within 14-year-old “Gala”/M26 apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh) over two seasons. In the 2017–2018 season, 30 g N tree−1 of 5.5 atom% 15N–calcium nitrate was applied by weekly fertigation in four equal doses, commencing either 4 weeks after full bloom (WAFB) (pre-harvest) or 1-week post-harvest, or fortnightly, divided between pre- and post-harvest (50:50 split). Nitrogen uptake derived from fertilizer (NDF) was monitored by leaf sampling before whole trees were destructively harvested at dormancy of the first season to quantify N uptake and allocation and at fruit harvest of the second season to quantify the remobilization of NDF. The uptake efficiency of applied N fertilizer (NUpE) was significantly higher from pre-harvest (32.0%) than from the other treatments (~17%). The leaf NDF concentration, an indicator of N uptake, increased concomitantly only when pre-harvest N was applied. Pre-harvest treated trees allocated more than half of the NDF into fruit and leaves and stored the same amount of NDF into perennial organs as the post-harvest treatment. Subsequent spring remobilization of NDF was not affected by the timing of N fertigation from the previous season. A seasonal effect of remobilization was observed with a decrease in root N status and a reciprocal increase in branch N status at fruit harvest of season two. These findings represent a shift in the understanding of dynamics of N use in mature deciduous trees and indicate that current fertilizer strategies need to be adjusted from post-harvest to primarily pre-harvest N application to optimize N use efficiency. This approach can provide adequate storage N to support early spring growth the following season with no detriment to fruit quality.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::2d0fc9be6edb8488ecf523ad6e5b062cTest
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.657070Test

المؤلفون: Krishnendu Ray, Hirak Banerjee, Sudarshan Dutta, Sukamal Sarkar, T. Scott Murrell, Vinod K. Singh, Kaushik Majumdar

المصدر: Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 11 (2020)
Frontiers in Plant Science

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0106 biological sciences, NPK, chemistry.chemical_element, Plant Science, Biology, engineering.material, lcsh:Plant culture, 01 natural sciences, corn (maize), Nutrient, Dry matter, lcsh:SB1-1110, Cultivar, Stover, Original Research, Hybrid, Phosphorus, grain yield, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, fertilizer, Nitrogen, remobilization, Agronomy, chemistry, dry matter accumulation, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, engineering, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Fertilizer, 010606 plant biology & botany, nutrient dynamics

الوصف: It is critical to understand nutrient dynamics within different plant parts to correctly fine-tune agronomic advices, and to update breeding programs for increasing nutrient use efficiencies and yields. Farmer’s field-based research was conducted to assess the effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) levels on dry matter and nutrient accumulation, partitioning, and remobilization dynamics in three popular maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids (P3522, P3396, and Rajkumar) over two years in an alluvial soil of West Bengal, India. Experimental results revealed that NPK rates as well as different cultivars significantly (p ≤ 0.05) influenced the dry matter accumulation (DMA) in different plant parts of maize at both silking and physiological maturity. The post-silking dry matter accumulation (PSDMA) and post-silking N, P, and K accumulations (PSNA, PSPA, PSKA) were highest in cultivar P3396. However, cultivar P3522 recorded the highest nutrient remobilizations and contributions to grain nutrient content. Total P and K accumulation were highest with 125% of the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) while total N accumulation increased even after 150% RDF (100% RDF is 200 kg N, 60 kg P2O5, and 60 kg K2O ha–1 for the study region). Application of 125% RDF was optimum for PSDMA. The PSNA continued to increase up to 150% RDF while 125% RDF was optimum for PSPA. Cultivar differences significantly affected both remobilization efficiency (RE) and contribution to grain nutrient content for all tested macronutrients (N, P, and K). In general, RE as well as contribution to grain nutrient content was highest at 125% RDF for N and K, and at 100% RDF for P (either significantly or at par with other rates) for plots receiving nutrients. For all tested cultivars, nutrient remobilization and contribution to grain nutrient content was highest under nutrient-omission plots and absolute control plots. Both year and cultivar effects were non-significant for both grain and stover yields of maize. Application of 75% RDF was sufficient to achieve the attainable yield at the study location. The cultivar P3522 showed higher yield over both P3396 and Rajkumar, irrespective of fertilizer doses, although, the differences were not statistically significant (p ≥ 0.05). The study underscores the importance of maize adaptive responses in terms of nutrients accumulation and remobilization at different levels of nutrient availability for stabilizing yield.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::1165fb115753715e1ea5888e15070787Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32983197Test

المؤلفون: Blake L. Sanden, Saiful Muhammad, Bruce Lampinen, Sebastian Saa, Patrick O. Brown, David R. Smart, Kenneth A. Shackel

المصدر: Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 11 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0106 biological sciences, Perennial plant, perennial organs, Growing season, Plant Biology, Plant Science, Biology, lcsh:Plant culture, 01 natural sciences, nitrogen, storage, Nutrient, Abscission, Annual growth cycle of grapevines, lcsh:SB1-1110, Biomass (ecology), nutrient, potassium, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Horticulture, remobilization, Deciduous, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Dormancy, 010606 plant biology & botany

الوصف: The annual dynamics of whole mature almond tree nutrient remobilization in spring and the accumulation of nutrients in perennial tissues during the year were determined by sequential coring, tissue sampling, nutrient analysis, whole tree excavation and biomass estimation for trees grown under four nitrogen rate treatments 140 kg ha-1 N (N140), 224 kg ha-1 N (N224), 309 kg ha-1 N (N309), and 392 kg ha-1 N (N392) over 2 years. Whole tree perennial organ N content was greatest in dormancy then declined through bud swell, flowering and fruit set, achieving the lowest total whole tree nutrient content of perennial organs by March 12 [12-14 days after full bloom (DAFB)] coincident with 60-70% leaf expansion. During this period no net increment in whole tree N content (annual plus perennial N) was observed indicating that tree demand for N for bud break, flowering, fruit set and leaf out was met by remobilized stored N and that there was no net N uptake from soil. Remobilizable N increased with increasing N application up to N309 and was maximal at 44.4 ± 4 kg ha-1 and 37.5 ± 5.7 kg ha-1 for the optimally fertilized N309 in 2012 and 2013 respectively. Net increases in perennial organ N (stored N) commenced 41 DAFB and continued through full leaf abscission at 249 DAFB. Total annual N increment in perennial organs varied from 25 to 60 kg ha-1 and was strongly influenced by N rate and tree yield. N remobilized from senescing leaves contributed from 11 to 15.5 ± 0.6 kg ha-1 to perennial stored N. Similar patterns of nutrient remobilization and storage were observed for P, K, and S with maximal whole tree perennial storage occurring during dormancy and remobilization of that stored P, K, S to support annual tree demands through to fruit set and 70-100% leaf development. Net annual increment in perennial organ P, K, S commenced 98 DAFB and continued through full leaf abscission at 249 DAFB. Organ specific contribution to remobilizable and stored nutrients changes over the growing season are presented. Details of the pattern of perennial organ nutrient allocation, storage, and remobilization provides a framework for the optimal management of nutrients in almond with relevance for other deciduous tree species.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::edb51fe161b1616c3f837bd1e4babf0bTest
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6pd1t117Test

المؤلفون: Christophe Nguyen, Cécile Coriou, Frédéric Candaudap, Bofang Yan, Jean-Yves Cornu, Sylvie Bussiere, Oleg S. Pokrovsky, Thierry Robert

المساهمون: Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

المصدر: Plant and Soil
Plant and Soil, Springer Verlag, 2018, 424 (1-2), pp.591-606. ⟨10.1007/s11104-018-3560-6⟩

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0106 biological sciences, low-dose cadmium, cereal, senescence, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Soil Science, chemistry.chemical_element, stable isotope labeling, Plant Science, Grain filling, 01 natural sciences, Anthesis, Cultivar, 2. Zero hunger, Cadmium, Stable isotope ratio, Maturity (sedimentology), Plant physiology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, post-anthesis uptake, Nitrogen, remobilization, Horticulture, chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, 010606 plant biology & botany

الوصف: International audience; This study focuses on quantifying the contribution of remobilization to the amount of cadmium accumulated in durum wheat grains. The impact of post-anthesis N supply was tested in two cultivars that differ in their shoot biomass partitioning. Two French durum wheat cultivars were grown hydroponically and exposed to 100 nM Cd. After anthesis, the plants were fed with a solution enriched in the stable isotope Cd-111 to trace the Cd newly absorbed, and subjected or not to nitrogen deprivation. Plants were sampled at anthesis and grain maturity to assess the post-anthesis fluxes of Cd and N among organs. Cd remobilized from pre-anthesis stores contributed to more than half of the Cd accumulated in mature grains. Cd was mainly remobilized from stem and poorly remobilized from leaves. Stopping N supply during grain filling enhanced N remobilization but had no impact on post-anthesis uptake and remobilization of Cd, and thereby, on Cd concentration in grains. No difference was observed between the two cultivars in the contribution of Cd remobilization and its dependence toward post-anthesis N supply. Cd remobilization significantly contributes to the accumulation of Cd in durum wheat grains. Cd remobilization is not tightly linked with N remobilization and behaves like a senescent-independent process in durum wheat.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::33cd7a53ca2582ee9fc38a4c9bc309c2Test
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-3560-6Test

المؤلفون: Dun-Yi Liu, Yu-Min Liu, Wei Zhang, Xin-Ping Chen, Chun-Qin Zou

المصدر: Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 10 (2019)

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0106 biological sciences, Zn translocation, chemistry.chemical_element, Plant Science, Zinc, lcsh:Plant culture, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Crop, Human fertilization, Dry weight, wheat root morphology, Zn uptake, lcsh:SB1-1110, Topsoil, Chemistry, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Zn remobilization, soil Zn application, Horticulture, Shoot, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, engineering, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Fertilizer, 010606 plant biology & botany

الوصف: Effect of zinc (Zn) application to soil on root growth and Zn uptake and translocation in winter wheat are poorly understood. This study evaluated the effect of soil Zn fertilization (0, 2.3, 5.7, 11.4, 22.7, 34.1 kg of Zn ha−1) on root growth and distribution, crop Zn uptake, root-to-shoot translocation of Zn, and remobilization of Zn from shoot to grain. Results of this study revealed that Zn application ≤11.4 kg ha−1 significantly increased root dry weight, root length density, and root surface area within 0–30 cm soil depth and higher rates of Zn application caused slight decreases in these root parameters. Shoot biomass and shoot Zn accumulation increased as Zn application rate increased mainly because of improved matching of root growth and enhanced availability of Zn in the topsoil layer. Post-anthesis Zn uptake by shoot increased and translocation of Zn from root to shoot decreased as rate of Zn application increased. The degree to which Zn accumulation in grain resulted from pre-anthesis remobilization vs. post-anthesis shoot uptake depended on Zn availability in soil; post-anthesis shoot uptake dominated at DTPA-Zn concentrations >7.15 mg kg−1, and pre-anthesis remobilization dominated at lower soil Zn levels. In conclusion, Zn uptake, translocation and remobilization to grain were affected by root growth and its matching with the availability of soil Zn. The results suggest that soils similar to the study soil should be fertilized to 30 cm depth with about 11.4 kg ha−1 Zn in order to obtain high yield and grain Zn concentration of wheat.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::858f51208648f1b284c7f7999f377fb0Test
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00426Test