المؤلفون: Yueqin Chen, Linsheng Wang, Xiaoqiang Wang, Xiaolong Liu, Huiling Yan, Lizhi Yu, Zhanguo Sun, Minxia Pang, Jiehuan Wang

المصدر: Iranian Journal of Radiology. 18

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Helical computed tomography, Image quality, business.industry, Radiation dose, Computed tomography, medicine.disease, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Highly sensitive, 03 medical and health sciences, Pneumonia, 0302 clinical medicine, Ct examination, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Radiology, business

الوصف: Background: Chest computed tomography (CT) is a recommended screening and assessment tool for patients with suspected coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, CT units are currently not available in many temporary hospitals and centralized isolation places. Objectives: To delineate the workflow of mobile CT unit and evaluate its role in screening for COVID-19 infection in temporary hospitals and centralized isolation locations. Patients and Methods: Two hundred and twenty-three patients under medical observation in temporary centralized isolation were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing and mobile CT chest examinations. Communication, storage, and browsing of CT data were performed with 4G and cloud technology. Image quality and radiation dose were evaluated and compared with a commercial conventional 64-row CT scanner. Additionally, the sensitivity of initial chest CT and the initial RT-PCR for COVID-19 were compared. Results: CT examination of 223 patients was completed within 19 work hours. Communication, storage, and browsing of CT data via 4G and cloud technology were seamless. There were no significant differences in subjective image quality scores between groups (P > 0.05). COVID-19 pneumonia was eventually confirmed in 49 patients (21.97%). The sensitivity of initial chest CT was greater than that of the initial RT-PCR (85.71% and 67.35%, respectively) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Screening suspected patients for COVID-19 by mobile CT in temporary hospitals and isolation points is a simple, efficient, and highly sensitive technique for early diagnosis and control of COVID-19.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::35ce37f4c676d14af0e2cbcb73e9b004Test
https://doi.org/10.5812/iranjradiol.106204Test

المؤلفون: Juxiu Li, Lizhi Yu, Wei An, Yilin Liu, Baoming Tian, Jianhua Zhao, Mengyao Liu, Jiawei Zhang

المصدر: Journal of Functional Foods, Vol 71, Iss, Pp 103973-(2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Firmicutes, Tight junction proteins, Medicine (miscellaneous), Gut microbiota, Gut flora, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Enterococcaceae, medicine, TX341-641, Barrier function, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Chemistry, Lachnospiraceae, Antibiotic, Akkermansia, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Colonic barrier function, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, 040401 food science, Enterobacteriaceae, Lycium barbarum, Dysbiosis, Food Science

الوصف: Diet and antibiotic strongly affect human health by modulating gut microbiota (GM) composition. To investigate how Lycium barbarum (LB) relieves GM dysbiosis and enhances colonic barrier function, C57BL/6 mice were chronically exposed to sub-therapeutic antibiotic dosages or not (control), and fed a 1.5% LB diet for 10 weeks. HiSeq sequencing of 16S rDNA revealed that oral antibiotics distinctly lowered the microbial diversity and richness, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Bacteroidales_S24-7_group, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Lachnoclostridium, Akkermansia, Anaerotruncus, and Odoribacter, as well as increased Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcaceae, Escherichia-Shigella, Morganella, and Enterococcus. Compared with the antibiotic-treated group, dietary LB reversed the variations in these bacteria, improved the abundance of certain short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, SCFA concentrations, and decreased fecal ammonia and pH value. Accordingly, this promoted the expression of tight junction proteins, immune barrier, sequentially improved barrier function, histomorphology, and development in the intestine. The results show that dietary LB can partially mitigate antibiotics-induced dysbiosis.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::b20f7eb0d1705c65f72bd0c6f8dca3abTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2020.103973Test

المؤلفون: Nanjin Zhou, Xiaomei Gui, Yujuan Zhang, Yanrong Yu, Yiguo Chen, Lizhi Yu, Jinmei Yu, Zhanghua Xiong, Linqiang Deng, Yong Zhang, Keng Yuan, Shanshan Lu, Hui Chen, Wei-Ping Min

المصدر: Microbial pathogenesis. 130

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Neutrophils, Phagocytosis, medicine.medical_treatment, 030106 microbiology, Granulocyte, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Lipopeptides, Mice, medicine, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Respiratory Burst, biology, Lactoferrin, Chemistry, Chemotaxis, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Toll-Like Receptor 2, Respiratory burst, TLR2, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cytokine, Staphylococcus aureus, biology.protein, Signal Transduction

الوصف: A proliferation of studies have demonstrated that the toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) pathway affects the chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and cytokine release of neutrophils when pathogens invade. Our previous studies have demonstrated that pretreatment with high doses of Pam3CSK4 (>25 μg/ml) improves the antimicrobial activity of neutrophils, however, short-lived neutrophils limit their therapeutic functions. Here, we used granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to generate neutrophils from murine bone marrow, and assessed their effect on the immune response against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. As comparing with classical method of generating neutrophils directly from murine bone marrow, our findings show that pretreatment with Pam3CSK4 enhanced the phagocytic and killing activities against MRSA by the GM-CSF induced neutrophils (GM-CSF neutrophils). Chemotaxis of GM-CSF induced neutrophils was significantly increased after the pretreatment with Pam3CSK4. Furthermore, Pam3CSK4 pretreatment enhanced iNOS, CRAMP, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-6 expression. Finally, we observed that p38MAPK and Akt phosphorylation kinases were increased significantly in GM-CSF neutrophils pretreatment with Pam3CSK4 in a dose- and time-dependent manner, whereas p38MAPK inhibitor (SB2021190) and PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) attenuated the antimicrobial activities including phagocytosis, killing activity, respiratory burst, and the release of lactoferrin(LTF) by the GM-CSF induced neutrophils. Together, these findings suggest that pretreatment with Pam3CSK4 enhances the antibacterial function of GM-CSF neutrophils against MRSA, and this could be related to the p38MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::775523c23761e9b6a33f38a578462d0fTest
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30885749Test

المؤلفون: Hui Chen, Yiguo Chen, Wei-Ping Min, Xiao-Mu Wu, Linqiang Deng, Keng Yuan, Yujuan Zhang, Lizhi Yu, Yong Zhang, Zhanghua Xiong, Yan-Rong Yu, Nanjin Zhou, Xiaomei Gui

المصدر: PLoS ONE
PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 3, p e0149233 (2016)

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Pulmonology, Neutrophils, Physiology, Staphylococcus, Respiratory System, lcsh:Medicine, Complement receptor, medicine.disease_cause, Immune Receptors, Biochemistry, White Blood Cells, Mice, Animal Cells, Immune Physiology, Pneumonia, Staphylococcal, Medicine and Health Sciences, lcsh:Science, Receptor, Immune Response, Toll-like Receptors, Pathology and laboratory medicine, Innate Immune System, Multidisciplinary, Immune System Proteins, biology, Lactoferrin, Animal Models, Medical microbiology, Staphylococcus aureus, Cytokines, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Cellular Types, Pathogens, Anatomy, Research Article, Signal Transduction, Agonist, medicine.drug_class, Immune Cells, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Macrophage-1 Antigen, Bronchi, Mouse Models, Research and Analysis Methods, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Lipopeptides, Signs and Symptoms, Model Organisms, medicine, Animals, Inflammation, Innate immune system, Blood Cells, Bacteria, lcsh:R, Receptors, IgG, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Proteins, Cell Biology, Pneumonia, Molecular Development, Toll-Like Receptor 2, Microbial pathogens, TLR2, 030104 developmental biology, Immune System, biology.protein, Receptors, Complement 3b, lcsh:Q, Bacterial pathogens, Developmental Biology

الوصف: The spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a critical health issue that has drawn greater attention to the potential use of immunotherapy. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), a pattern recognition receptor, is an essential component in host innate defense system against S. aureus infection. However, little is known about the innate immune response, specifically TLR2 activation, against MRSA infection. Here, we evaluate the protective effect and the mechanism of MRSA murine pneumonia after pretreatment with Pam3CSK4, a TLR2 agonist. We found that the MRSA-pneumonia mouse model, pretreated with Pam3CSK4, had reduced bacteria and mortality in comparison to control mice. As well, lower protein and mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were observed in lungs and bronchus of the Pam3CSK4 pretreatment group. Conversely, expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, but not TGF-β, increased in Pam3CSK4-pretreated mice. Our additional studies showed that CXCL-2 and CXCL1, which are necessary for neutrophil recruitment, were less evident in the Pam3CSK4-pretreated group compared to control group, whereas the expression of Fcγ receptors (FcγⅠ/Ⅲ) and complement receptors (CR1/3) increased in murine lungs. Furthermore, we found that increased survival and improved bacterial clearance were not a result of higher levels of neutrophil infiltration, but rather a result of enhanced phagocytosis and bactericidal activity of neutrophils in vitro and in vivo as well as increased robust oxidative activity and release of lactoferrin. Our cumulative findings suggest that Pam3CSK4 could be a novel immunotherapeutic candidate against MRSA pneumonia.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::e201027d6451b0bb347d5bb3901460feTest
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4790907Test