يعرض 11 - 20 نتائج من 34 نتيجة بحث عن '"John H. Fingert"', وقت الاستعلام: 0.90s تنقيح النتائج
  1. 11

    المصدر: Ophthalmic Genetics. 38:222-225

    الوصف: To both characterize the clinical features of large primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) pedigree from a village in southern India and to investigate the genetic basis of their disease.Eighty-four members of a large pedigree received complete eye examinations including slit lamp examination, tonometry, gonioscopy, and ophthalmoscopy. Some were further studied with perimetry. Those diagnosed with POAG were tested for disease-causing mutations in the myocilin and optineurin genes with Sanger sequencing.Fourteen of 84 family members were diagnosed with POAG, while eight were clinically judged to be POAG-suspects. The family structure and the pattern of glaucoma in the pedigree are complex. Features of glaucoma in this pedigree include relatively early age at diagnosis (mean 50 ± 14 years) and maximum intraocular pressures ranging from 14 to 36 mm Hg with a mean of 23 mm Hg ± 6.5 mm Hg. Patients had an average central corneal thickness (mean 529 ± 37.8 microns) and moderate cup-to-disc ratios (0.74 ± 0.14). No mutations were detected in myocilin, optineurin, or TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1).We report a five-generation pedigree with a complex pattern of POAG inheritance that includes 22 POAG patients and glaucoma suspects. Although the familial clustering of POAG in this pedigree is consistent with dominant inheritance of a glaucoma-causing gene, mutations were not detected in genes previously associated with autosomal dominant glaucoma, suggesting the involvement of a novel disease-causing gene in this pedigree.

  2. 12

    المصدر: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
    Khawaja, AP; Cooke Bailey, JN; Kang, JH; Rand Allingham, R; Hauser, MA; Brilliant, M; et al.(2016). Assessing the association of mitochondrial genetic variation with primary open-angle glaucoma using gene-set analyses. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 57(11), 5046-5052. doi: 10.1167/iovs.16-20017. UC San Diego: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6tq4q4qpTest
    Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, vol 57, iss 11

    الوصف: © 2016, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Inc. All rights reserved. PURPOSE. Recent studies indicate that mitochondrial proteins may contribute to the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). In this study, we examined the association between POAG and common variations in gene-encoding mitochondrial proteins. METHODS. We examined genetic data from 3430 POAG cases and 3108 controls derived from the combination of the GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR studies. We constructed biological-system coherent mitochondrial nuclear-encoded protein gene-sets by intersecting the MitoCarta database with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. We examined the mitochondrial gene-sets for association with POAG and with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and high-tension glaucoma (HTG) subsets using Pathway Analysis by Randomization Incorporating Structure. RESULTS. We identified 22 KEGG pathways with significant mitochondrial protein-encoding gene enrichment, belonging to six general biological classes. Among the pathway classes, mitochondrial lipid metabolism was associated with POAG overall (P = 0.013) and with NTG (P = 0.0006), and mitochondrial carbohydrate metabolism was associated with NTG (P = 0.030). Examining the individual KEGG pathway mitochondrial gene-sets, fatty acid elongation and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, both lipid metabolism pathways, were significantly associated with POAG (P = 0.005 and P = 0.002, respectively) and NTG (P = 0.0004 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Butanoate metabolism, a carbohydrate metabolism pathway, was significantly associated with POAG (P = 0.004), NTG (P = 0.001), and HTG (P = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS. We present an effective approach for assessing the contributions of mitochondrial genetic variation to open-angle glaucoma. Our findings support a role for mitochondria in POAG pathogenesis and specifically point to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism pathways as being important.

    وصف الملف: application/pdf

  3. 13
  4. 14

    المصدر: Exp Eye Res

    الوصف: Mutations in each of three genes, myocilin (MYOC), optineurin (OPTN), and TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1), may cause primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) that is inherited as a Mendelian trait. MYOC mutations cause 3–4% of POAG cases with IOP >21 mmHg, while mutations in OPTN, TBK1, and MYOC each cause ∼1% of POAG with IOP ≤21 mmHg, i.e. normal tension glaucoma. Identification of these disease-causing genes has provided insights into glaucoma pathogenesis. Mutations in MYOC cause a cascade of abnormalities in the trabecular meshwork including intracellular retention of MYOC protein, decreased aqueous outflow, higher intraocular pressure, and glaucoma. Investigation of MYOC mutations demonstrated that abnormal retention of intracellular MYOC and stimulation of endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress may be important steps in the development of MYOC-associated glaucoma. Mutations in OPTN and TBK1 cause a dysregulation of autophagy which may directly cause retinal ganglion cell damage and normal tension glaucoma. Discovery of these Mendelian causes of glaucoma has also provided a new set of potential therapeutic targets that may ultimately lead to novel, gene-directed glaucoma treatments.

  5. 15

    المصدر: Scientific Reports
    Scientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2018)

    الوصف: Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is a major cause of blindness worldwide. To identify new risk loci for OAG, we performed a genome-wide association study in 3,071 OAG cases and 6,750 unscreened controls, and meta-analysed the results with GWAS data for intraocular pressure (IOP) and optic disc parameters (the overall meta-analysis sample size varying between 32,000 to 48,000 participants), which are glaucoma-related traits. We identified and independently validated four novel genome-wide significant associations within or near MYOF and CYP26A1, LINC02052 and CRYGS, LMX1B, and LMO7 using single variant tests, one additional locus (C9) using gene-based tests, and two genetic pathways - “response to fluid shear stress” and “abnormal retina morphology” - in pathway-based tests. Interestingly, some of the new risk loci contribute to risk of other genetically-correlated eye diseases including myopia and age-related macular degeneration. To our knowledge, this study is the first integrative study to combine genetic data from OAG and its correlated traits to identify new risk variants and genetic pathways, highlighting the future potential of combining genetic data from genetically-correlated eye traits for the purpose of gene discovery and mapping.

  6. 16

    المساهمون: Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health

    المصدر: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
    Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, 2018, 59 (2), pp.629. ⟨10.1167/iovs.17-22708⟩
    Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, vol 59, iss 2

    مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, 0301 basic medicine, primary open-angle glaucoma, genetic structures, Datasets as Topic, Genome-wide association study, Ophthalmology & Optometry, Medical and Health Sciences, MESH: Genotype, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Frequency, genetics, MESH: Datasets as Topic, Low Tension Glaucoma, MESH: Low Tension Glaucoma, Genetics, [STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Single Nucleotide, Middle Aged, Biological Sciences, Pathway analysis, pathway analysis, Open-Angle, Female, [STAT.ME]Statistics [stat]/Methodology [stat.ME], Glaucoma, Open-Angle, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Genotype, Open angle glaucoma, MESH: Testosterone, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma (ANZRAG) Consortium, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Intraocular Pressure, MESH: Gene Frequency, Humans, Polymorphism, 1000 Genomes Project, Estrogen Metabolism, Allele frequency, Intraocular Pressure, MESH: Humans, Glaucoma, Testosterone (patch), eye diseases, MESH: Male, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, MESH: Metabolic Networks and Pathways, testosterone, MESH: Genome-Wide Association Study, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, MESH: Glaucoma, Open-Angle, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, sense organs, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], MESH: Female, Genome-Wide Association Study

    الوصف: Author(s): Bailey, Jessica N Cooke; Gharahkhani, Puya; Kang, Jae H; Butkiewicz, Mariusz; Sullivan, David A; Weinreb, Robert N; Aschard, Hugues; Allingham, R Rand; Ashley-Koch, Allison; Lee, Richard K; Moroi, Sayoko E; Brilliant, Murray H; Wollstein, Gadi; Schuman, Joel S; Fingert, John H; Budenz, Donald L; Realini, Tony; Gaasterland, Terry; Scott, William K; Singh, Kuldev; Sit, Arthur J; Igo, Robert P; Song, Yeunjoo E; Hark, Lisa; Ritch, Robert; Rhee, Douglas J; Vollrath, Douglas; Zack, Donald J; Medeiros, Felipe; Vajaranant, Thasarat S; Chasman, Daniel I; Christen, William G; Pericak-Vance, Margaret A; Liu, Yutao; Kraft, Peter; Richards, Julia E; Rosner, Bernard A; Hauser, Michael A; Craig, Jamie E; Burdon, Kathryn P; Hewitt, Alex W; Mackey, David A; Haines, Jonathan L; MacGregor, Stuart; Wiggs, Janey L; Pasquale, Louis R; Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma (ANZRAG) Consortium | Abstract: Purpose:Sex hormones may be associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), although the mechanisms are unclear. We previously observed that gene variants involved with estrogen metabolism were collectively associated with POAG in women but not men; here we assessed gene variants related to testosterone metabolism collectively and POAG risk. Methods:We used two datasets: one from the United States (3853 cases and 33,480 controls) and another from Australia (1155 cases and 1992 controls). Both datasets contained densely called genotypes imputed to the 1000 Genomes reference panel. We used pathway- and gene-based approaches with Pathway Analysis by Randomization Incorporating Structure (PARIS) software to assess the overall association between a panel of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in testosterone metabolism genes and POAG. In sex-stratified analyses, we evaluated POAG overall and POAG subtypes defined by maximum IOP (high-tension [HTG] or normal tension glaucoma [NTG]). Results:In the US dataset, the SNP panel was not associated with POAG (permuted P = 0.77), although there was an association in the Australian sample (permuted P = 0.018). In both datasets, the SNP panel was associated with POAG in men (permuted P ≤ 0.033) and not women (permuted P ≥ 0.42), but in gene-based analyses, there was no consistency on the main genes responsible for these findings. In both datasets, the testosterone pathway association with HTG was significant (permuted P ≤ 0.011), but again, gene-based analyses showed no consistent driver gene associations. Conclusions:Collectively, testosterone metabolism pathway SNPs were consistently associated with the high-tension subtype of POAG in two datasets.

    وصف الملف: application/pdf

  7. 17

    المؤلفون: Nicholas G. Martin, René Höhn, Paul Mitchell, Gavin Band, Pamela Whittaker, Michelle Ricketts, Pirro G. Hysi, Jenefer M. Blackwell, Grant W. Montgomery, Elena Rochtchina, Manfred E. Beutel, Richard A. Mills, Anna Rautanen, Alagurevathi Jayakumar, Colin Freeman, Stephen Sawcer, Stuart MacGregor, Irene Schmidtmann, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Nicholas W. Wood, Sayoko E. Moroi, Jonathan L. Haines, Aniket Mishra, Ananth C. Viswanathan, Jie Jin Wang, Donald L. Budenz, Seyhan Yazar, Janey L. Wiggs, Garrett Hellenthal, Kathryn P. Burdon, Jerome I. Rotter, Jamie E Craig, Puya Gharahkhani, Juan P. Casas, R. Rand Allingham, Jost B. Jonas, Ozren Polasek, Julia E. Richards, Sarah Edkins, Rodney J. Scott, Abhishek Nag, Tanja Zeller, Rhian Gwilliam, Chris C. A. Spencer, David S. Friedman, Adriana I Iglesias, Radhi Ravindrarajah, Kent D. Taylor, Caroline Hayward, Eleni Giannoulatou, David A. Mackey, Michael A. Hauser, Paul J. Foster, Emma Gray, Audrey Duncanson, Yih Chung Tham, Murray H. Brilliant, Ching-Yu Cheng, William K. Scott, Robert N. Weinreb, Hugh S. Markus, Xueling Sim, David S. Siscovick, Matti Pirinen, John H. Fingert, Yelena Bykhovskaya, Louis R. Pasquale, Peter Donnelly, Donald J. Zack, Kuldev Singh, Cordelia Langford, Zhan Su, Céline Bellenguez, Joel S. Schuman, Peter Kraft, Christopher G. Mathew, Hannah Blackburn, Sara Widaa, Yuan Shi, Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, André G. Uitterlinden, Naomi Hammond, Panos Deloukas, Richard K. Lee, Robert Plomin, Jessica N. Cooke Bailey, Jae H. Kang, John Attia, Yutao Liu, Simon C. Potter, Jennifer Liddle, Matthew Gillman, Alex W. Hewitt, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance, James F. Wilson, Tien Yin Wong, Elvira Bramon, Janusz Jankowski, Henriët Springelkamp, Sarah E. Hunt, Anthony P Khawaja, Veronique Vitart, Xiaohui Li, Pieter W.M. Bonnemaijer, Damjan Vukcevic, Paul R. Lichter, Aiden Corvin, Sionne E. M. Lucas, Matthew Waller, Caroline C W Klaver, Douglas E. Gaasterland, Terry Gaasterland, Norbert Pfeiffer, Douglas Vollrath, Anthony Realini, Eranga N. Vithana, Gadi Wollstein, Thibaud Boutin, Owen T. McCann, Paul A. Weston, Lisa S. Kearns, Inês Barroso, Richard G. Pearson, Christopher J Hammond, Colin N. A. Palmer, Michael Inouye, Chiea Chuen Khor, Stephanie Loomis, Sandra E Staffieri, Yaron S. Rabinowitz, Richard C. Trembath, Tin Aung, William G. Christen, Paul N. Baird, Jing Xie, Elisabeth M. van Leeuwen, Serge Dronov, Arthur J. Sit, Colin E. Willoughby, Kang Zhang, Matthew A. Brown, Suzannah Bumpstead, Amy Strange, Elizabeth G. Holliday

    المساهمون: Clinical Genetics, Epidemiology, Ophthalmology, Internal Medicine, Experimental Immunology, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Iglesias, Adriana I [0000-0001-5532-764X], Gharahkhani, Puya [0000-0002-4203-5952], Bailey, Jessica N Cooke [0000-0002-4001-8702], Li, Xiaohui [0000-0002-5037-3572], Khawaja, Anthony P [0000-0001-6802-8585], Haines, Jonathan L [0000-0002-4351-4728], Hayward, Caroline [0000-0002-9405-9550], Bonnemaijer, Pieter [0000-0001-5154-6765], Staffieri, Sandra E [0000-0003-3131-9359], Jonas, Jost B [0000-0003-2972-5227], Kang, Jae H [0000-0003-4812-0557], Wilson, James F [0000-0001-5751-9178], Foster, Paul J [0000-0002-4755-177X], Hysi, Pirro G [0000-0001-5752-2510], Hewitt, Alex W [0000-0002-5123-5999], Khor, Chiea Chuen [0000-0002-1128-4729], Pasquale, Louis R [0000-0002-5835-3496], Montgomery, Grant W [0000-0002-4140-8139], Klaver, Caroline CW [0000-0002-2355-5258], Hammond, Christopher J [0000-0002-3227-2620], Wiggs, Janey L [0000-0003-1890-3278], Burdon, Kathryn P [0000-0001-8217-1249], MacGregor, Stuart [0000-0001-6731-8142], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

    المصدر: Nature Communications, 9,
    Nature Communications, 9:1864. Nature Publishing Group
    Nature communications, 9(1):1864. Nature Publishing Group
    Nature Communications
    Nature Communications, Nature Publishing Group, 2018, 9 (1), pp.1864. ⟨10.1038/s41467-018-03646-6⟩
    Iglesias, Adriana I; Mishra, Aniket; Vitart, Veronique; Bykhovskaya, Yelena; Höhn, René Gerhard Joachim; Springelkamp, Henriët; Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel; Gharahkhani, Puya; Bailey, Jessica N Cooke; Willoughby, Colin E; Li, Xiaohui; Yazar, Seyhan; Nag, Abhishek; Khawaja, Anthony P; Polašek, Ozren; Siscovick, David; Mitchell, Paul; Tham, Yih Chung; Haines, Jonathan L; Kearns, Lisa S; ... (2018). Cross-ancestry genome-wide association analysis of corneal thickness strengthens link between complex and Mendelian eye diseases. Nature communications, 9(1), p. 1864. Nature Publishing Group 10.1038/s41467-018-03646-6 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03646-6Test>
    Nature Communications, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2018)
    Nature Communications, 9, pp.
    Iglesias, A I, Vitart, V, Li, X, Yazar, S, Nag, A, Khawaja, A P, Polašek, O, Siscovick, D, Mitchell, P, Chung Tham, Y, Haines, J L, Kearns, L S, Hayward, C, Shi, Y, van Leeuwen, E M, Taylor, K D, Bonnemaijer, P, Rotter, J I, Martin, N G, Zeller, T, Mills, R A, Souzeau, E, Staffieri, S E, Jonas, J B, Schmidtmann, I, Boutin, T, Kang, J H, Lucas, S E M, Wong, T Y, Beutel, M E, Uitterlinden, A G, Vithana, E N, Foster, P J, Hysi, P G, Hewitt, A W, Khor, C C, Pasquale, L R, Montgomery, G W, Klaver, C C W, Aung, T, Pfeiffer, N, Mackey, D A, Hammond, C J, Cheng, C-Y, Craig, J E, Rabinowitz, Y S & Wiggs, J L & Burdon, K P & van Duijn, C M & MacGregor, S 2018, ' Cross-ancestry genome-wide association analysis of corneal thickness strengthens link between complex and Mendelian eye diseases ', Nature Communications, vol. 9, 1864 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03646-6Test

    مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Lumican, Candidate gene, genetic structures, Fibrillin-1, Gene Expression, General Physics and Astronomy, Glaucoma, Genome-wide association study, Sensory disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 12], Corneal Diseases, Marfan Syndrome, Cornea, ADAMTS Proteins, 0302 clinical medicine, Myopia, lcsh:Science, Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary, Genetics, Multidisciplinary, Eye Diseases, Hereditary, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Proteoglycans, Decorin, Glaucoma, Open-Angle, Keratoconus, Science, Quantitative Trait Loci, 610 Medicine & health, Biology, Quantitative trait locus, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Transforming Growth Factor beta2, 03 medical and health sciences, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Asian People, medicine, Humans, CHROMATIN STATES, GENE-EXPRESSION, RISK-FACTOR, MUTATIONS, LUMICAN, MOUSE, KERATOCONUS, DECORIN, POLYMORPHISMS, HERITABILITY, [SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, Loeys-Dietz Syndrome, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Genome, Human, General Chemistry, medicine.disease, eye diseases, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, lcsh:Q, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, sense organs, Genome-Wide Association Study

    الوصف: Central corneal thickness (CCT) is a highly heritable trait associated with complex eye diseases such as keratoconus and glaucoma. We perform a genome-wide association meta-analysis of CCT and identify 19 novel regions. In addition to adding support for known connective tissue-related pathways, pathway analyses uncover previously unreported gene sets. Remarkably, >20% of the CCT-loci are near or within Mendelian disorder genes. These included FBN1, ADAMTS2 and TGFB2 which associate with connective tissue disorders (Marfan, Ehlers-Danlos and Loeys-Dietz syndromes), and the LUM-DCN-KERA gene complex involved in myopia, corneal dystrophies and cornea plana. Using index CCT-increasing variants, we find a significant inverse correlation in effect sizes between CCT and keratoconus (r = −0.62, P = 5.30 × 10−5) but not between CCT and primary open-angle glaucoma (r = −0.17, P = 0.2). Our findings provide evidence for shared genetic influences between CCT and keratoconus, and implicate candidate genes acting in collagen and extracellular matrix regulation.

    وصف الملف: application/pdf

  8. 18

    المساهمون: Psychiatry, Epidemiology, Clinical Genetics, Ophthalmology

    المصدر: Chintalapudi, S R, Maria, D, Di Wang, X, Bailey, J N C, Allingham, R, Brilliant, M, Budenz, D, Fingert, J, Gaasterland, D, Gaasterland, T, Haines, J L, Hark, L, Hauser, M, Igo, R, Hee Kang, J, Kraft, P, Lee, R, Lichter, P, Liu, Y, Moroi, S, Pasquale, L R, Pericak-Vance, M, Realini, A, Rhee, D, Richards, J R, Ritch, R, Schuman, J, Scott, W K, Singh, K, Sit, A, Vollrath, D, Wollstein, G, Zack, D, Aung, T, Bonnemaijer, P, Cheng, C Y, Craig, J, Van Duijn, C, Gharahkhani, P, Iglesias Gonzalez, A, Hammond, C J, Hewitt, A, Hoehn, R, Jonansson, F, Khawaja, A, Chuen Khor, C, Klaver, C C W, Lotery, A, MacKey, D, MacGregor, S, Pang, C, Pasutto, F, Stefansson, K, Thorleifsson, G, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Vitart, V, Vithana, E, Young, T, Zeller, T, Hysi, P G, Wiggs, J L, Williams, R W & Jablonski, M M 2017, ' Systems genetics identifies a role for Cacna2d1 regulation in elevated intraocular pressure and glaucoma susceptibility ', Nature Communications, vol. 8, no. 1, 1755 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00837-5Test
    Nature Communications, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2017)
    Nature Communications
    Nature Communications, 8(1):1755. Nature Publishing Group

    الوصف: Glaucoma is a multi-factorial blinding disease in which genetic factors play an important role. Elevated intraocular pressure is a highly heritable risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma and currently the only target for glaucoma therapy. Our study helps to better understand underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms that regulate intraocular pressure, and identifies a new candidate gene, Cacna2d1, that modulates intraocular pressure and a promising therapeutic, pregabalin, which binds to CACNA2D1 protein and lowers intraocular pressure significantly. Because our study utilizes a genetically diverse population of mice with known sequence variants, we are able to determine that the intraocular pressure-lowering effect of pregabalin is dependent on the Cacna2d1 haplotype. Using human genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, evidence for association of a CACNA2D1 single-nucleotide polymorphism and primary open angle glaucoma is found. Importantly, these results demonstrate that our systems genetics approach represents an efficient method to identify genetic variation that can guide the selection of therapeutic targets.
    Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a heritable risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma. Using forward mouse genetics, cell biology, pharmacology and human genetic data, the authors identify CACNA2D1 as an IOP risk gene that can be therapeutically targeted by the drug pregabalin in animal models.

    وصف الملف: application/pdf

  9. 19

    المصدر: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 114(42)

    الوصف: Significance A mutation in myocilin is the most common known genetic cause of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). These mutations, which are dominant in nature, affect trabecular meshwork (TM) health and/or function and cause elevated intraocular pressure. Using in vitro human trabecular meshwork cells, an in vivo mouse model, and ex vivo human eyes, our study demonstrates the potential of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-mediated genome editing in human myocilin-associated POAG. By disrupting the mutant myocilin gene and its function using CRISPR-Cas9, we were able to reduce associated endoplasmic reticulum stress, lower intraocular pressure, and prevent further glaucomatous damage in mouse eyes. We also show the feasibility of using the CRISPR-Cas9 system in cultured human eyes.

  10. 20

    المصدر: Ophthalmic genetics. 39(1)

    الوصف: PURPOSE Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a devastating disease characterized by central vision impairment in individuals with advanced age. Neovascular AMD is a form of end-stage disease in which choroidal vessel outgrowth occurs beneath the retina. While many hypotheses have been raised as to what triggers the formation of pathological choroidal neovascular membranes, the exact mechanism for their initiation remains unresolved. Polymorphisms in the FLT1 gene have previously been associated with neovascular AMD risk, including the rs9943922 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Here, we aimed to determine the association between the high-risk FLT1 genotype and FLT1 protein levels in human retina or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid tissue. METHODS Retina and RPE/choroid tissue from 10 human donor eyes was selected from a collection of eyes genotyped for the rs9943922 SNP. Differences in soluble and membrane bound FLT1 protein levels were assessed for retina versus RPE/choroid donor tissue using ELISA and Western blotting analyses. Genotype-associated changes in FLT1 protein levels were also evaluated. RESULTS We found soluble FLT1 levels in the RPE/choroid tissue to be approximately three times higher than that of the retina (p