المؤلفون: Jin Jia, Shi-qi Chen, Wei-zhe Pan, Sheng-nan Yu, Xiao-tian Zhao, Yan Hao, Yong-mei Shen, Ying Cheng, Cai-ling Wei, Feng-jie Tian, Xiao-yan Yan, Yu-lan Qiu

المصدر: Journal of Applied Toxicology; Mar2022, Vol. 42 Issue 3, p490-505, 16p

مصطلحات موضوعية: FATTY liver, HIGH-fat diet, VINYL chloride, POLLUTANTS, ENDOPLASMIC reticulum, ACETALDEHYDE

مستخلص: Vinyl chloride (VC) is a common industrial organic chlorine and environmental pollutant. In recent years, the dietary structure of residents especially Chinese has gradually shifted to western dietary patterns. VC aggravates dietary fatty acid-induced hepatic steatosis, but its mechanism is still unclear. And if the risk factors for steatosis persist, more severe diseases such as fibrosis and cirrhosis will occur. Therefore, we studied the effects and mechanisms of VC (160 and 800 mg/m3) and its metabolite (chloroacetaldehyde, 2.25, 4.5, and 9 μM) on hepatic steatosis of high-fat diet (HFD)- fed mice and palmitic acid (PA, 100 μM) treated HepG2 cells. Liver and serum biochemical indicators and pathological staining of the liver showed that the hepatic steatosis of VC combined with HFD groups was more severe than that of singleexposure groups (HFD group, low-dose VC group, and high-dose VC group). Moreover, VC enhanced HFD-induced oxidative stress (OS) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and further upregulated the expression of sterol regulatory elementbinding protein 1 (SREBP-1) and FAS. Besides, antioxidants and ERS inhibitors reduced the steatosis of HepG2 cells induced by VC metabolites and PA. These results suggest that VC exposure can enhance the degree of hepatic steatosis in HFD-fed mice. VC combined with HFD led to OS and ERS and upregulated the expression of de novo lipogenesis-related proteins, which may be related to the occurrence of hepatic steatosis. And the increased expression of CYP2E1 induced by VC combined with HFD may be the cause of OS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Hong-tao Xiao, Zhi Liao, Xian-min Meng, Xiao-yan Yan, Shu-jie Chen, Zheng-ji Mo

المصدر: Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology; Aug2009, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p419-421, 3p, 1 Diagram, 1 Chart

مصطلحات موضوعية: LABORATORY rats, UTERUS, MUSCARINIC receptors, CHOLINERGIC receptors, ADENOSINES

مستخلص: We investigated the underlying mechanisms of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC), a novel selective anticholinergic drug on isolated rat uterus. The method of radio-immunity assay was further employed to determine cyclic adenosine mono phosphate (cAMP) levels in isolated rat uterus for comparing with selective effect on muscarinic receptor subtypes. In the assay, PHC could decrease the content of cAMP in isolated rat uterus, but the difference was not statistically significant at dose of 10 μmol/L. In conclusion, our results suggested that PHC has no or poor effect on M2 receptor subtypes in isolated rat uterus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)