Abstract Background Low muscle radiodensity on computed tomography (CT) scan, indicative of myosteatosis, is commonly observed in cancer patients and can be associated with poor prognosis. Radiodensity is typically measured at the level of the third lumbar vertebra (L3). It is unknown whether features at L3 reflect a systemic state affecting peripheral muscle groups, whether images used at different levels can be used as a surrogate if L3 images are unavailable, and how radiodensity varies between cancer types. Methods Core and extremity muscle radiodensities were measured in whole body CT images from melanoma patients to evaluate the anatomical distribution of muscle radiodensity measurements. Core muscle radiodensity was measured in 891 patients with different cancer types to study malignancy‐dependent patterns in muscle radiodensity. Results Low muscle radiodensity at L3 (
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