| مستخلص: |
This article examines the causes and consequences of the racial segmentation of student movements in the U.S. in the 1960s. The student sector's propensity toward political action derives from several factors. First, students are aware of democratic issues because they themselves are concerned with their own future participation in society. Second, liberal arts oriented education encourages students to critically confront the social and moral problems of their time. Third, many students are relatively free of the social constraints of jobs and families and are consequently more likely than most non-students to engage in political activities. Finally, institutions of higher education socialize large numbers of students into dense networks, enabling student organizations to quickly gather momentum, to mobilize large numbers of students, and to utilize university resources usually unavailable to other social movements. The massive student movements of the 1960s developed in the context of the particular economic and political conditions of the time. The account of the dynamics of the 1960s student movements suggests several propositions that may have general significance for the study of social movements: social movements arise in the context of particular political economic conditions and in relation to other social movements; the relationship between social sectors and social movements requires particular attention; racial segmentation is a powerful tendency of social movements in the U.S. |
