المؤلفون: Hammond, Kendra, Mampilly, Jobby, Laghi, Franco A., Goyal, Amit, Collins, Eileen G., McBurney, Conor, Jubran, Amal, Tobin, Martin J.

المصدر: Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development; 2014, Vol. 51 Issue 7, p1155-1164, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: ULTRASONIC imaging equipment, ULTRASONIC imaging, BIOMECHANICS, COMPARATIVE studies, STATISTICAL correlation, CRITICALLY ill, EXPERTISE, OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL personnel, MUSCLE contraction, MUSCLE strength, PATIENTS, PROBABILITY theory, RESEARCH evaluation, RESEARCH funding, STATISTICAL hypothesis testing, STATISTICS, T-test (Statistics), QUADRICEPS muscle, BODY mass index, ENTRY level employees, INTER-observer reliability, SARCOPENIA, RECTUS femoris muscles, DISEASE complications

مستخلص: Muscle-mass loss augers increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Muscle-mass loss can be assessed by wide linear-array ultrasound transducers connected to cumbersome, expensive console units. Whether cheaper, hand-carried units equipped with curved-array transducers can be used as alternatives is unknown. Accordingly, our primary aim was to investigate in 15 nondisabled subjects the validity of measurements of rectus femoris cross-sectional area by using a curved-array transducer against a linear-array transducer—the reference-standard technique. In these subjects, we also determined the reliability of measurements obtained by a novice operator versus measurements obtained by an experienced operator. Lastly, the relationship between quadriceps strength and rectus area recorded by two experienced operators with a curved-array transducer was assessed in 17 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In nondisabled subjects, the rectus cross-sectional area measured with the curved-array transducer by the novice and experienced operators was valid (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]: 0.98, typical percentage error [%TE]: 3.7%) and reliable (ICC: 0.79, %TE: 9.7%). In the subjects with COPD, both reliability (ICC: 0.99) and repeatability (%TE: 7.6% and 9.8%) were high. Rectus area was related to quadriceps strength in COPD for both experienced operators (coefficient of determination: 0.67 and 0.70). In conclusion, measurements of rectus femoris cross-sectional area recorded with a curved-array transducer connected to a hand-carried unit are valid, reliable, and reproducible, leading us to contend that this technique is suitable for cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development is the property of VA Prosthetics Research & Development Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Fenuta, Alyssa M., Hicks, Audrey L.

المصدر: Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development; 2014, Vol. 51 Issue 1, p51-57, 7p

مصطلحات موضوعية: HAMSTRING muscle physiology, CALF muscle physiology, SKELETAL muscle physiology, RECTUS femoris muscles, ANALYSIS of variance, BIOMECHANICS, BODY weight, ELECTROMYOGRAPHY, EXPERIMENTAL design, GAIT disorder treatment, GAIT in humans, GROUND reaction forces (Biomechanics), RANGE of motion of joints, PARAPLEGIA, PROBABILITY theory, SPINAL cord injuries, STATISTICS, DATA analysis, TREADMILLS, REPEATED measures design, DATA analysis software, SKELETAL muscle, WEIGHT-bearing (Orthopedics), DESCRIPTIVE statistics, INNERVATION, EQUIPMENT & supplies, PHYSIOLOGY

مصطلحات جغرافية: ONTARIO

مستخلص: The ZeroG provides dynamic body weight support (BWS) using a harness while individuals with mobility impairments (e.g., spinal cord injury) ambulate overground. Muscle activity during locomotion using this device was studied in13 nondisabled adults (age 23.8 +/- 2.7 yr). Electromyography (EMG) recordings were collected from tibialis anterior (TA), medial gastrocnemius (MG), rectus femoris (RF), and biceps femoris muscles during randomized walking trials at preferred speeds under five levels of BWS (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%). Filtered EMG signals from each trial were normalized to 0% BWS and correlated with gait phases. Muscle activity, averaged across muscles, decreased significantly at heel strike by 33.4% with increasing BWS. Offloading significantly decreased heel strike activity of RF (62.8%), MG (35.5%), and TA (25.9%). Gait cycle completion time increased with BWS primarily because of increased swing phase time. These results summarizing the effect of BWS on muscle activation during ambulation can now be compared with clinical populations using the ZeroG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development is the property of VA Prosthetics Research & Development Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)