Abstract Background Ileus is quite a common disease, but is associated with various causes. As far as we know, there have only been one case of ileus due to inverted bladder diverticulum, which is extremely rare. Case presentation The patient was a 53-year-old male. He made an emergency visit to our hospital with a chief complaint of left lower quadrant pain. He underwent right inguinal hernia surgery at 2 years of age with no history of laparotomy. An abdominal enhanced CT revealed inversion of the bladder left side wall where part of enlarged small intestine was found. Ascites were also found between the incarcerated small intestine and the bladder, leading to a diagnosis of strangulation ileus due to internal hernia and subsequent emergency surgery. A laparotomy revealed incarceration of the small intestine in the bladder left wall as a Richter type. The incarceration was rigid. We believed it would be difficult to pull out by extraction. Therefore, we inserted a Nelaton catheter between the incarcerated small intestine and the bladder and carried out the water pressure method to release the ileus. We did not perform an enterectomy since no manifest necrosis or perforation of the small intestine was found. The inverted bladder wall was a partial depression. We interpreted it to be a bladder diverticulum. We made a suture for occlusion with the bladder diverticulum inverted. Ileus arising from inverted bladder diverticulum is a very rare disease state. We hereinafter report on this case along with bibliographical considerations. Conclusions We experienced a case of small intestine ileus due to inverted bladder diverticulum, which is very rare. In terms of preservation of the bowel, we believed the water pressure method to release the ileus was useful.
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