المؤلفون: Grinshpun, Albert, Russo, Douglas, Ma, Wen, Verma, Ana, Hermida-Prado, Francisco, Sherman, Shira, Gaglia, Giorgio, Kabraji, Sheheryar, Kirkner, Gregory, Hughes, Melissa E., Lin, Nancy U., Sandusky, Zachary, Nardone, Agostina, Guarducci, Cristina, Nguyen, Quang-De, Santagata, Sandro, Nagy, Zsuzsanna, Jeselsohn, Rinath

المصدر: NPJ Breast Cancer; 6/8/2024, Vol. 10 Issue 1, p1-12, 12p

المؤلفون: Ianieri, Manuel Maria^1,2 (AUTHOR), De Cicco Nardone, Alessandra¹ (AUTHOR), Greco, Pierfrancesco³ (AUTHOR) p.greco753@gmail.com, Carcagnì, Antonella^3,4 (AUTHOR), Campolo, Federica¹ (AUTHOR), Pacelli, Fabio^3,5 (AUTHOR), Scambia, Giovanni^1,3 (AUTHOR), Santullo, Francesco⁵ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Archives of Gynecology & Obstetrics. Jun2024, Vol. 309 Issue 6, p2697-2707. 11p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *ENDOMETRIOSIS, *MEDIAN (Mathematics), *SURGICAL anastomosis, *DENTAL extraction, *SURGICAL complications, *GASTROINTESTINAL surgery, *VISUAL analog scale

مستخلص: Purpose: The surgical approach to bowel endometriosis is still unclear. The aim of the study is to compare TICA to conventional specimen extractions and extra-abdominal insertion of the anvil in terms of both complications and functional outcomes. Methods: This is a single-center, observational, retrospective study conducted enrolling symptomatic women underwent laparoscopic excision of deep endometriosis with segmental bowel resection between September 2019 and June 2022. Women who underwent TICA were compared to classical technique (CT) in terms of intra- and postoperative complications, moreover, functional outcomes relating to the pelvic organs were assessed using validated questionnaires [Knowles-Eccersley-Scott-Symptom (KESS) questionnaire and Gastro-Intestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI)] for bowel function. Pain symptoms were assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores. Results: The sample included 64 women. TICA was performed on 31.2% (n = 20) of the women, whereas CT was used on 68.8% (n = 44). None of the patients experienced rectovaginal, vesicovaginal, ureteral or vesical fistula, or ureteral stenosis and uroperitoneum, and in no cases was it necessary to reoperate. Regarding the two surgical approaches, no significant difference was observed in terms of complications. As concerns pain symptoms at 6-month follow-up evaluations on stratified data, except for dysuria, all VAS scales reported showed significant reductions between median values, for both surgery interventions. As well, significant improvements were further observed in KESS scores and overall GIQLI. Only the GIQLI evaluation was significantly smaller in the TICA group compared to CT after the 6-month follow-up. Conclusions: We did not find any significant differences in terms of intra- or post-operative complications compared TICA and CT, but only a slight improvement in the Gastro-Intestinal Quality of Life Index in patients who underwent the CT compared to the TICA technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Turco E. M., Giovenale A. M. G., Sireno L., Mazzoni M., Cammareri A., Marchioretti C., Goracci L., Di Veroli A., Marchesan E., D'Andrea D., Falconieri A., Torres B., Bernardini L., Magnifico M. C., Paone A., Rinaldo S., Della Monica M., D'Arrigo S., Postorivo D., Nardone A. M., Zampino G., Onesimo R., Leoni C., Caicci F., Raimondo D., Binda E., Trobiani L., De Jaco A., Tata A. M., Ferrari D., Cutruzzola F., Mazzoccoli G., Ziviani E., Pennuto M., Vescovi A. L., Rosati J.

المساهمون: Turco, E. M., Giovenale, A. M. G., Sireno, L., Mazzoni, M., Cammareri, A., Marchioretti, C., Goracci, L., Di Veroli, A., Marchesan, E., D'Andrea, D., Falconieri, A., Torres, B., Bernardini, L., Magnifico, M. C., Paone, A., Rinaldo, S., Della Monica, M., D'Arrigo, S., Postorivo, D., Nardone, A. M., Zampino, G., Onesimo, R., Leoni, C., Caicci, F., Raimondo, D., Binda, E., Trobiani, L., De Jaco, A., Tata, A. M., Ferrari, D., Cutruzzola, F., Mazzoccoli, G., Ziviani, E., Pennuto, M., Vescovi, A. L., Rosati, J.

مصطلحات موضوعية: RAI1, IPCSc, SMS, autophagy

الوصف: Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by cognitive and behavioral symptoms, obesity, and sleep disturbance, and no therapy has been developed to alleviate its symptoms or delay disease onset. SMS occurs due to haploinsufficiency of the retinoic acid-induced-1 (RAI1) gene caused by either chromosomal deletion (SMS-del) or RAI1 missense/nonsense mutation. The molecular mechanisms underlying SMS are unknown. Here, we generated and characterized primary cells derived from four SMS patients (two with SMS-del and two carrying RAI1 point mutations) and four control subjects to investigate the pathogenetic processes underlying SMS. By combining transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses, we found altered expression of lipid and lysosomal genes, deregulation of lipid metabolism, accumulation of lipid droplets, and blocked autophagic flux. We also found that SMS cells exhibited increased cell death associated with the mitochondrial pathology and the production of reactive oxygen species. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine reduced cell death and lipid accumulation, which suggests a causative link between metabolic dyshomeostasis and cell viability. Our results highlight the pathological processes in human SMS cells involving lipid metabolism, autophagy defects and mitochondrial dysfunction and suggest new potential therapeutic targets for patient treatment.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/36411275; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000886207500001; volume:13; issue:11; numberofpages:16; journal:CELL DEATH & DISEASE; https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1673938Test; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85142392229

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-022-05410-7Test
https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1673938Test

المؤلفون: Nardone, Stefano, De Luca, Roberto, Zito, Antonino, Klymko, Nataliya, Nicoloutsopoulos, Dimitris, Amsalem, Oren, Brannigan, Cory, Resch, Jon M., Jacobs, Christopher L., Pant, Deepti, Veregge, Molly, Srinivasan, Harini, Grippo, Ryan M., Yang, Zongfang, Zeidel, Mark L., Andermann, Mark L., Harris, Kenneth D., Tsai, Linus T., Arrigoni, Elda, Verstegen, Anne M. J.

المصدر: Nature Communications; 3/4/2024, Vol. 15 Issue 1, p1-21, 21p

مصطلحات موضوعية: FLUORESCENCE in situ hybridization, LOCUS coeruleus, BRAIN stem, RNA sequencing, MERMAIDS, VISUAL analytics

مستخلص: The "dorsal pons", or "dorsal pontine tegmentum" (dPnTg), is part of the brainstem. It is a complex, densely packed region whose nuclei are involved in regulating many vital functions. Notable among them are the parabrachial nucleus, the Kölliker Fuse, the Barrington nucleus, the locus coeruleus, and the dorsal, laterodorsal, and ventral tegmental nuclei. In this study, we applied single-nucleus RNA-seq (snRNA-seq) to resolve neuronal subtypes based on their unique transcriptional profiles and then used multiplexed error robust fluorescence in situ hybridization (MERFISH) to map them spatially. We sampled ~1 million cells across the dPnTg and defined the spatial distribution of over 120 neuronal subtypes. Our analysis identified an unpredicted high transcriptional diversity in this region and pinpointed the unique marker genes of many neuronal subtypes. We also demonstrated that many neuronal subtypes are transcriptionally similar between humans and mice, enhancing this study's translational value. Finally, we developed a freely accessible, GPU and CPU-powered dashboard (http://harvard.heavy.ai:6273Test/) that combines interactive visual analytics and hardware-accelerated SQL into a data science framework to allow the scientific community to query and gain insights into the data. The dorsal pons in the brainstem is packed with clusters of neurons, including the parabrachial nucleus, that are involved in many vital functions. Here, authors use single nucleus RNA sequencing and MERFISH to create a spatially defined transcriptional atlas of this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Boldrini, Luca, D'Aviero, Andrea, De Felice, Francesca, Desideri, Isacco, Grassi, Roberta, Greco, Carlo, Iorio, Giuseppe Carlo, Nardone, Valerio, Piras, Antonio, Salvestrini, Viola

المصدر: La Radiologia Medica; Jan2024, Vol. 129 Issue 1, p133-151, 19p

مستخلص: Introduction: The advent of image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) has recently changed the workflow of radiation treatments by ensuring highly collimated treatments. Artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics are tools that have shown promising results for diagnosis, treatment optimization and outcome prediction. This review aims to assess the impact of AI and radiomics on modern IGRT modalities in RT. Methods: A PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase systematic review was conducted to investigate the impact of radiomics and AI to modern IGRT modalities. The search strategy was "Radiomics" AND "Cone Beam Computed Tomography"; "Radiomics" AND "Magnetic Resonance guided Radiotherapy"; "Radiomics" AND "on board Magnetic Resonance Radiotherapy"; "Artificial Intelligence" AND "Cone Beam Computed Tomography"; "Artificial Intelligence" AND "Magnetic Resonance guided Radiotherapy"; "Artificial Intelligence" AND "on board Magnetic Resonance Radiotherapy" and only original articles up to 01.11.2022 were considered. Results: A total of 402 studies were obtained using the previously mentioned search strategy on PubMed and Embase. The analysis was performed on a total of 84 papers obtained following the complete selection process. Radiomics application to IGRT was analyzed in 23 papers, while a total 61 papers were focused on the impact of AI on IGRT techniques. Discussion: AI and radiomics seem to significantly impact IGRT in all the phases of RT workflow, even if the evidence in the literature is based on retrospective data. Further studies are needed to confirm these tools' potential and provide a stronger correlation with clinical outcomes and gold-standard treatment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Nardone, Massimo¹ (AUTHOR), Cheung, Christian P.¹ (AUTHOR), Baker, Ryleigh E.¹ (AUTHOR), Pfundt, Kathryn¹ (AUTHOR), Lee, Jordan B.¹ (AUTHOR), Burr, Jamie F.¹ (AUTHOR), Millar, Philip J.¹ (AUTHOR) pmillar@uoguelph.ca

المصدر: Clinical Autonomic Research. Dec2023, Vol. 33 Issue 6, p919-922. 4p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *HEART beat, *CANNABINOIDS, *CANNABIDIOL, *BAROREFLEXES, *RESEARCH personnel

مستخلص: This document, published in the journal Clinical Autonomic Research, explores the effects of inhaling cannabis on cardiac autonomic function in humans. The study specifically focuses on the impact of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), two primary cannabinoids found in cannabis. The researchers found that inhalation of THC-containing cannabis decreased cardiac baroreflex gain and heart rate variability, while CBD did not have the same effect. Additionally, THC increased ventricular repolarization, as indicated by changes in the QT interval. These findings suggest that the physiological effects of cannabis may be influenced by the relative proportions of THC and CBD. [Extracted from the article]

المؤلفون: Coppolino, Luigi, D'Antonio, Salvatore, Nardone, Roberto, Romano, Luigi

المصدر: Environment Systems & Decisions; Dec2023, Vol. 43 Issue 4, p708-720, 13p

مصطلحات موضوعية: INDUSTRIAL controls manufacturing, INTRUSION detection systems (Computer security), SOCIAL networks, INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics)

مستخلص: Resilience improvement of complex internets of utility systems is still an open issue for the current research. Proposed solutions fail to implement an integrated approach to detection, mitigation, and reaction which is able to face both well-known and new, previously unknown cyber-attacks (in particular distributed ones, which constitute one of the most serious and still unresolved threat scenarios affecting networked systems). In this work, we present the conceptual architecture of a novel multi-layer distributed Intrusion Detection and Reaction System based on the Autonomic Communication paradigm. The architecture relies on a self-organizing cooperative overlay network of complementary components that are dynamically and autonomously adapted to face distributed cyberattacks against Industrial Control Systems. The proposed architecture aims at being a guideline for experts and practitioners to address the well-known problem of distributed nature of new types of cyber-attacks, by implementing mechanisms to orchestrate available resources for effective detection and remediation dynamically. A distributed flow monitoring system provides input data to cooperative intrusion detection agents, which allow correlating information from heterogeneous feeds to improve the identification of attacks originating from both the inside and the outside of the monitored network and to support customizable remediation mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Nicolas, Charlotte, Rouche, Manon, Dierckens, Maxim, Kelly, Colette, Fismen, Anne-Siri, Nardone, Paola, Castetbon, Katia, Chatelan, Angeline

المصدر: European Journal of Nutrition; Dec2023, Vol. 62 Issue 8, p3287-3296, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: FOOD habits, FOOD consumption, CROSS-sectional method, MULTIPLE regression analysis, POPULATION geography, SOCIOECONOMIC factors, SURVEYS, COMPARATIVE studies, FRUIT, HEALTH behavior, RESEARCH funding, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, QUESTIONNAIRES, TREND analysis, ODDS ratio, CHILDREN, ADOLESCENCE

مصطلحات جغرافية: AUSTRIA, NETHERLANDS, ITALY, SCOTLAND, SWEDEN, NORWAY, GERMANY, SWITZERLAND, EUROPE

مستخلص: Purpose: To investigate time trends in daily fruit consumption among Western European adolescents and in related socioeconomic inequalities. Methods: We used nationally representative data from 18 countries participating in five rounds (2002 to 2018) of the cross-sectional "Health Behaviour in School-aged Children" (HBSC) survey (n = 458,973). The questionnaire, standardised across countries and rounds, was self-administered at school by 11-, 13- and 15-year-old adolescents. Daily fruit consumption was assessed using a short food frequency questionnaire (sFFQ). Socioeconomic inequalities were measured using the Family Affluence Scale (FAS). Multilevel logistic regressions were applied to study linear time trends in daily fruit consumption, overall, by country and by FAS. Results: Between 2002 and 2018, daily fruit consumption increased in 10 countries (OR range, 1.04 to 1.13, p < 0.05) and decreased in 3 (OR range 0.96 to 0.98, p < 0.05). In all survey years combined, prevalence of daily fruit consumption was significantly higher among high FAS groups (42.6%) compared to medium (36.1%) and low FAS groups (31.7%; all countries: p < 0.001). Between 2002 and 2018, socioeconomic inequalities in fruit consumption increased in Austria, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Scotland, Sweden, and Switzerland. Only in Norway FAS inequalities decreased while the prevalence increased. Conclusion: The prevalence of daily fruit consumption generally increased among adolescents between 2002 and 2018 in Western European countries, yet socioeconomic inequalities increased in some countries. Public health interventions should continue to promote fruit consumption with special attention to lower socioeconomic groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Sabino-Carvalho, Jeann L., Jeong, Jinhee, Sprick, Justin, DaCosta, Dana, Nardone, Massimo, Park, Jeanie

المصدر: Clinical Autonomic Research; Dec2023, Vol. 33 Issue 6, p705-714, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: CHRONIC kidney failure, BLOOD pressure, CHRONICALLY ill, SYSTOLIC blood pressure, BAROREFLEXES

مستخلص: Purpose: Our aim was to test the hypothesis that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) would exhibit augmented resting beat-to-beat blood pressure variability (BPV) that is associated with poor clinical outcomes independent of mean blood pressure (BP). In addition, since the arterial baroreflex plays a critical role in beat-to-beat BP regulation, we further hypothesized that an impaired baroreflex control would be associated with an augmented resting beat-to-beat BPV. Methods: In 25 sedentary patients with CKD stages III–IV (62 ± 9 years) and 20 controls (57 ± 10 years), resting beat-to-beat BP (finger photoplethysmography) and heart rate (electrocardiography) were continuously measured for 10 min. We calculated the standard deviation (SD), average real variability (ARV) and other indices of BPV. The sequence technique was used to estimate spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity. Results: Compared with controls (CON), the CKD group had significantly increased resting BPV. The ARV (2.2 ± 0.6 versus 1.6 ± 0.5 mmHg, P < 0.001; 1.6 ± 0.7 versus 1.3 ± 0.3 mmHg, P = 0.039; 1.4 ± 0.5 versus 1.0 ± 0.2 mmHg, P < 0.001) of systolic, diastolic and mean BP, respectively, was increased in CKD versus controls. Other traditional measures of variability showed similar results. The cardiac baroreflex sensitivity was lower in CKD compared with controls (CKD: 8.4 ± 4.5 ms/mmHg versus CON: 14.0 ± 8.2 ms/mmHg, P = 0.008). In addition, cardiac baroreflex sensitivity was negatively associated with BPV [systolic blood pressure (SBP) ARV; r = −0.44, P = 0.003]. Conclusion: In summary, our data demonstrate that patients with CKD have augmented beat-to-beat BPV and lower cardiac baroreflex sensitivity. BPV and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity were negatively correlated in this cohort. These findings may further our understanding about cardiovascular dysregulation observed in patients with CKD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Fanizzi, Annarita, Fadda, Federico, Comes, Maria Colomba, Bove, Samantha, Catino, Annamaria, Di Benedetto, Erika, Milella, Angelo, Montrone, Michele, Nardone, Annalisa, Soranno, Clara, Rizzo, Alessandro, Guven, Deniz Can, Galetta, Domenico, Massafra, Raffaella

المصدر: Scientific Reports; 11/23/2023, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p1-10, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: TRANSFORMER models, DEEP learning, CONVOLUTIONAL neural networks, CANCER relapse, MACHINE learning, LUNG cancer

مستخلص: Non-Small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most dangerous cancers, with 85% of all new lung cancer diagnoses and a 30–55% of recurrence rate after surgery. Thus, an accurate prediction of recurrence risk in NSCLC patients during diagnosis could be essential to drive targeted therapies preventing either overtreatment or undertreatment of cancer patients. The radiomic analysis of CT images has already shown great potential in solving this task; specifically, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have already been proposed providing good performances. Recently, Vision Transformers (ViTs) have been introduced, reaching comparable and even better performances than traditional CNNs in image classification. The aim of the proposed paper was to compare the performances of different state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms to predict cancer recurrence in NSCLC patients. In this work, using a public database of 144 patients, we implemented a transfer learning approach, involving different Transformers architectures like pre-trained ViTs, pre-trained Pyramid Vision Transformers, and pre-trained Swin Transformers to predict the recurrence of NSCLC patients from CT images, comparing their performances with state-of-the-art CNNs. Although, the best performances in this study are reached via CNNs with AUC, Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, and Precision equal to 0.91, 0.89, 0.85, 0.90, and 0.78, respectively, Transformer architectures reach comparable ones with AUC, Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, and Precision equal to 0.90, 0.86, 0.81, 0.89, and 0.75, respectively. Based on our preliminary experimental results, it appears that Transformers architectures do not add improvements in terms of predictive performance to the addressed problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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