The classical role of radiotherapy in the management of germ cell tumours is in the adjuvant therapy of stage I seminoma. It is interesting that here, as in other instances, the role of radiotherapy has been challenged in recent years. However, the potential uses of radiotherapy also cover the treatment of testicular intratubular germ cell neoplasia, the primary treatment of stage II seminoma, consolidation therapy for residual seminomatous masses following primary chemotherapy, for metastatic nonseminoma, and for primary CNS germ cell tumours. The latter group are the subject of articles elsewhere in this volume, and are not further discussed here.