Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity, both during pregnancy and in the longer term. The early identification of women who will develop GDM would be ideal, allowing early intervention to be targeted to these women. A number of approaches have been examined and this chapter will discuss early pregnancy biomarkers and metabolomics and their relationship with GDM. Women who develop diabetes during pregnancy are at increased risk of both metabolic and cardiovascular disease in the longer term, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus. This chapter will also examine the relationships between metabolism in women with GDM and later cardiovascular and metabolic disease.
