التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
Historical Overfishing and the Recent |
| المؤلفون: |
Collapse Of Coastal, Jeremy B. C. Jackson, Michael X. Kirby, Wolfgang H. Berger, Karen A. Bjorndal, Louis W. Botsford, Bruce J. Bourque, Roger H. Bradbury, Richard Cooke, Jon Erl, James A. Estes, Terence P. Hughes, Robert S. Steneck, Mia J. Tegner, Robert R. Warner |
| المساهمون: |
The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives |
| المصدر: |
http://www.werc.usgs.gov/santacruz/pdfs/jacksonetal.pdfTest. |
| بيانات النشر: |
Science |
| سنة النشر: |
2001 |
| المجموعة: |
CiteSeerX |
| الوصف: |
s, monk seals, crocodiles, codfish, jewfish, swordfish, sharks, and rays are other large marine vertebrates that are now functionally or entirely extinct in most coastal ecosystems (3--10). Place names for oysters, pearls, and conches conjure up other ecological ghosts of marine invertebrates that were once so abundant as to pose hazards to navigation (11), but are witnessed now only by massive garbage heaps of empty shells. Such ghosts represent a far more profound problem for ecological understanding and management than currently realized. Evidence from retrospective records strongly suggests that major structural and functional changes due to overfishing (12) occurred worldwide in coastal marine ecosystems over many centuries. Severe overfishing drives species to ecological extinction because overfished populations no longer interact significantly with other species in the community (5). Overfishing and ecological extinction predate and precondition modern ecological investigations |
| نوع الوثيقة: |
text |
| وصف الملف: |
application/pdf |
| اللغة: |
English |
| العلاقة: |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.10.3576Test; http://www.werc.usgs.gov/santacruz/pdfs/jacksonetal.pdfTest |
| الإتاحة: |
http://www.werc.usgs.gov/santacruz/pdfs/jacksonetal.pdfTest |
| حقوق: |
Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. |
| رقم الانضمام: |
edsbas.3AA486B3 |
| قاعدة البيانات: |
BASE |
