المؤلفون: Guzeloglu-Kayisli1, Ozlem¹, Basar, Murat^1,2, Arici, Aydin¹ aydin.arici@yale.edu

المصدر: Reproductive BioMedicine Online (Reproductive Healthcare Limited). Dec2007, Vol. 15 Issue 6, p728-739. 12p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *HUMAN embryo transfer, *BLASTOCYST, *ENDOMETRIUM, *PREGNANCY, *CYTOKINES

مستخلص: Implantation, a critical step for establishing pregnancy, requires molecular and cellular events resulting in healthy uterine growth and differentiation, blastocyst adhesion, invasion and placental formation. Successful implantation requires a receptive endometrium, a normal and functional embryo at the blastocyst stage and a synchronized dialogue between maternal and embryonic tissues. In addition to the main role of sex steroids, the complexity of embryo implantation and placentation is exemplified by the number of cytokines and growth factors with demonstrated roles in these processes. Disturbances of the normal expression and action of these cytokines result in absolute or partial failure of implantation and abnormal placental formation in mice and humans. Members of the gp130 cytokine family, interleukin (IL)-I 1 and leukaemia inhibitory factor, the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, colony-stimulating factors, and the IL-1 and IL-15 systems are all crucial for successful implantation. In addition, chemokines are important both in recruiting specific cohorts of leukocytes to the implantation site, and in trophoblast trafficking and differentiation. This review provides discussion on embryonic and uterine factors that are involved in the process of implantation in autocrine, paracrine and/or juxtacrine manners at hormonal, cellular, and molecular levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Martin, J. Ryan¹, Mahutte, Neal G.², Arici, Aydin¹, Sakkas, Denny¹ denny.sakkas@yale.edu

المصدر: Reproductive BioMedicine Online (Reproductive Healthcare Limited). Nov2006, Vol. 13 Issue 5, p645-650. 6p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *HUMAN in vitro fertilization, *GENETIC engineering, *HUMAN reproductive technology, *OVARIES, *GONADOTROPIN

مستخلص: In order to examine whether the duration of the follicular phase and changes in daily gonadotrophin dosages impact IVF outcome, a retrospective analysis of women who underwent oocyte retrieval and fresh embryo transfer was performed. Among the parameters assessed were the number of days of gonadotrophin stimulation, changes in the daily dosage of gonadotrophins, total ampoules of gonadotrophins, embryo implantation rates, clinical pregnancy rates and ongoing pregnancy rates. The number of days of gonadotrophin stimulation, as determined by standard follicular size criteria did not appear to influence IVF outcomes. There was no significant difference in pregnancy rates between women who were stimulated for <9 days, 10-11 days or >12 days. When grouped by amount of starting daily dose of gonadotrophins there was a significant inverse relationship between gonadotrophin requirements and pregnancy rates (P = 0.02). The data suggest that the success of an IVF cycle depends on the ovaries' ability to develop follicles of the appropriate size, not the speed at which the ovaries perform this function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Cinar, Ozgur¹, Seval, Yasemin^1,2, Uz, Yesim H.^1,3, Cakmak, Hakan¹, Ulukus, Murat^1,4, Kayisli, Umit A.¹, Arici, Aydin¹ aydin.arici@yale.edu

المصدر: Reproductive BioMedicine Online (Reproductive Healthcare Limited). Dec2009, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p864-871. 8p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PROTEIN kinases, *APOPTOSIS, *ESTROGEN, *ESTRADIOL, *ENDOMETRIUM

مستخلص: Protein kinase B (PKB/Akt), a serine/threonine kinase, regulates the function of many cellular proteins involved in apoptosis and proliferation. It was postulated that there is a higher Akt activity in endometriosis compared with normal endometrium, and that oestrogen may be one of the factors responsible for the high Akt activation in endometriotic cells. Phospho-Akt (pAkt) concentrations in normal, eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues were compared by immunohistochemistry, and a higher pAkt immunoreactivity was revealed in eutopic and ectopic endometrium compared with normal endometrium, in vivo. Higher Akt phosphorylation in stromal cells from eutopic endometrium was observed, when compared with normal, in vitro (P < 0.05). Akt phosphorylation was rapidly (2-10 min) stimulated when endometrial stromal cells from normal and endometriosis patients were treated with 17b-oestradiol. In endometrial stromal cells from the endometriosis group, ICI 182,780 (ICI, a specific oestrogen receptor antagonist) failed to antagonize the effect of oestradiol when combined with oestradiol, and revealed a stimulatory effect on Akt phosphorylation when given alone (P < 0.05). In conclusion, since Akt affects cell survival, it is suggested that increased Akt phosphorylation may be related to the altered apoptosis/proliferation harmony in endometriosis, and therefore Akt may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Matalliotakis, Ioannis^1,2 matakgr@yahoo.com, Cakmak, Hakan¹, Sakkas, Denny¹, Mahutte, Neal¹, Koumantakis, Georgios², Arici, Aydin¹

المصدر: Reproductive BioMedicine Online (Reproductive Healthcare Limited). Jun2008, Vol. 16 Issue 6, p778-783. 6p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *BODY mass index, *HUMAN in vitro fertilization, *HUMAN artificial insemination, *GONADOTROPIN, *PREGNANCY

مستخلص: A group of 140 women with a body mass index (BMI) ≤ 24 kg/m² undergoing 291 cycles was compared with a group of 138 women with a BMI >24 kg/m² in 291 cycles, with respect to duration of ovarian stimulation and dose of gonadotrophin, number of oocytes collected, cleavage and implantation rate, clinical pregnancy, miscarriage and delivery rates. Patients with a BMI > 24 kg/m² demonstrated a significant decrease in the number of follicles after stimulation (P = 0.01), a comparative increase in the number ampoules of gonadotrophin used (P = 0.03) and a lower number of eggs collected (P = 0.05). The mean number of embryos on days 1, 2 and 3 was significantly lower in the group with BMI > 24 kg/m² (P < 0.001). No significant difference was found in clinical pregnancy and miscarriage rates between the two groups. In spite of the lower response in women with BMI > 24 kg/m², the delivery rate per retrieval was not different (24.6 versus 24.8%). These results indicate a lower stimulation response in women with elevated BMI, but no adverse effect on IVF outcome. In relation to wellbeing, however, it is recommended that patients with a high BMI reduce their weight before IVF treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Martinez, Gustavo¹, Sanguineti, Fabio², Sepulveda, Jose¹, Dorey, Jessica¹, Arici, Aydin¹, Patrizio, Pasquale¹ pasquale.patrizio@yale.edu

المصدر: Reproductive BioMedicine Online (Reproductive Healthcare Limited). Feb2011 Supplement, Vol. 22 Issue S1, p26-28. 3p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *FOLLICLE-stimulating hormone, *GLYCOPROTEIN hormones, *GONADOTROPIN, *OVUM, *ESTRADIOL

مستخلص: This study assessed the ovarian stimulation characteristics of recombinant follitropin α filled by mass (rFSH-fbm) versus recombinant follitropin et filled by conventional bioassay (rFSH-bio) in the same egg donor patients. Eleven egg donors, who had two ovarian stimulation cycles for oocyte retrieval (total of 23 cycles), one with rFSH-bio (Gonal-f Multidose and the second one with rFSH-fbm (Gonal-f RFF), were evaluated. The protocol of ovarian stimulation was exactly the same in both cycles, consisting of GnRH suppression (luteal phase) followed by exclusive stimulation with rFSH. Despite no differences in the number of days of rFSH treatment and in the total dosage of rFSH administered, the number of follicles >14 mm and the number of oocytes retrieved were significantly higher in the rFSH-fbm group (P = 0.01 and 0.04 respectively). The mean oestradiol peak values showed a trend in favour of rFSH-fbm (3123 versus 2405 pg/ml respectively). These results suggest that the consistency in dosing provided by follitropin ct filled by mass as opposed to follitropin ct filled by bioassay offers added value for the ovarian stimulation of oocyte donor patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Martinez, Gustavo¹, Sanguineti, Fabio², Sepulveda, Jose¹, Dorey, Jessica¹, Arici, Aydin¹, Patrizio, Pasquale¹ pasquale.patrizio@yale.ed

المصدر: Reproductive BioMedicine Online (Reproductive Healthcare Limited). Jan2007, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p26-28. 3p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *RECOMBINANT FSH, *BIOLOGICAL assay, *OVUM donation, *MENSTRUAL cycle, *FOLLICLE-stimulating hormone, *ESTRADIOL

مستخلص: This study assessed the ovarian stimulation characteristics of recombinant follitropin α filled by mass (rFSH-fbm) versus recombinant follitropin α filled by conventional bioassay (rFSH-bio) in the same egg donor patients. Eleven egg donors, who had two ovarian stimulation cycles for oocyte retrieval (total of 23 cycles), one with rFSH-bio (Gonal-f Multidose®) and the second one with rFSH-fbm (Gonal-f®; RFF), were evaluated. The protocol of ovarian stimulation was exactly the same in both cycles, consisting of GnRH suppression (luteal phase) followed by exclusive stimulation with rFSH. Despite no differences in the number of days of rFSH treatment and in the total dosage of rFSH administered, the number of follicles >14 mm and the number of oocytes retrieved were significantly higher in the rFSH-fbm group (P = 0.01 and 0.04 respectively). The mean oestradiol peak values showed a trend in favour of rFSH-fbm (3123 versus 2405 pg/ml respectively). These results suggest that the consistency in dosing provided by follitropin α filled by mass as opposed to follitropin α filled by bioassay offers added value for the ovarian stimulation of oocyte donor patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]