Genetic diversity increases with depth in red gorgonian populations of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean
| العنوان: | Genetic diversity increases with depth in red gorgonian populations of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean |
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| المؤلفون: | Jorge Assis, Silvia Cocito, Henrique Queiroga, Joanna Pilczynska, Eliza Fragkopoulou, Joana Boavida, Ester A. Serrão |
| المساهمون: | Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Centro de Ciências do Mar [Faro] (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve (UAlg), Centre of Marine Sciences [Faro] (CCMAR), University of Algarve [Portugal], Universidade de Aveiro, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pilczynska, J., Cocito, S., Boavida, J., Serrao, E. A., Assis, J., Fragkopoulou, E., Queiroga, H. |
| المصدر: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) instacron:RCAAP PeerJ PeerJ, PeerJ, 2019, 7, pp.e6794. ⟨10.7717/peerj.6794⟩ PeerJ, 2019, 7, pp.e6794. ⟨10.7717/peerj.6794⟩ PeerJ, Vol 7, p e6794 (2019) |
| بيانات النشر: | PeerJ, 2019. |
| سنة النشر: | 2019 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | 0106 biological sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Population, lcsh:Medicine, Marine Biology, Depth refugia, Paramuricea clavata, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Genetic diversity, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Mediterranean sea, Genetics, Mediterranean Sea, Climate change, 14. Life underwater, Genetic erosion, education, Atlantic Ocean, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, Ecology, ved/biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, General Neuroscience, lcsh:R, Ocean current, Biodiversity, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, Waves and shallow water, Population bottleneck, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Climate Change Biology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
| الوصف: | BackgroundIn the ocean, the variability of environmental conditions found along depth gradients exposes populations to contrasting levels of perturbation, which can be reflected in the overall patterns of species genetic diversity. At shallow sites, resource availability may structure large, persistent and well-connected populations with higher levels of diversity. In contrast, the more extreme conditions, such as thermal stress during heat waves, can lead to population bottlenecks and genetic erosion, inverting the natural expectation. Here we examine how genetic diversity varies along depth for a long-lived, important ecosystem-structuring species, the red gorgonian,Paramuricea clavata.MethodsWe used five polymorphic microsatellite markers to infer differences in genetic diversity and differentiation, and to detect bottleneck signs between shallow and deeper populations across the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. We further explored the potential relationship between depth and environmental gradients (temperature, ocean currents, productivity and slope) on the observed patterns of diversity by means of generalized linear mixed models.ResultsAn overall pattern of higher genetic diversity was found in the deeper sites of the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. This pattern was largely explained by bottom temperatures, with a linear pattern of decreasing genetic diversity with increasing thermal stress. Genetic differentiation patterns showed higher gene flow within sites (i.e., shallow vs. deeper populations) than between sites. Recent genetic bottlenecks were found in two populations of shallow depths.DiscussionOur results highlight the role of deep refugial populations safeguarding higher and unique genetic diversity for marine structuring species. Theoretical regression modelling demonstrated how thermal stress alone may reduce population sizes and diversity levels of shallow water populations. In fact, the examination of time series on a daily basis showed the upper water masses repeatedly reaching lethal temperatures forP. clavata. Differentiation patterns showed that the deep richer populations are isolated. Gene flow was also inferred across different depths; however, not in sufficient levels to offset the detrimental effects of surface environmental conditions on genetic diversity. The identification of deep isolated areas with high conservation value for the red gorgonian represents an important step in the face of ongoing and future climate changes. |
| تدمد: | 2167-8359 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::34c75312cc8109078e4d2d7624c7f223Test https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6794Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....34c75312cc8109078e4d2d7624c7f223 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 21678359 |
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