المؤلفون: Vetrovec, Melody, Payne, Christopher J

المصدر: Journal of Economic Entomology; Oct2023, Vol. 116 Issue 5, p1943-1947, 5p

مصطلحات موضوعية: SPOTTED lanternfly, HEMIPTERA, INTRODUCED insects, INSECT pests, RAILROADS

مصطلحات جغرافية: OHIO

مستخلص: Lycorma delicatula White (spotted lanternfly; SLF) is an invasive pest insect threatening increased agricultural costs as it spreads rapidly westward across the United States. As such, surveying was conducted adjacent to the insect's westernmost quarantine area in 2021–2022 to support multi-state monitoring. Specifically, 2,077 visual and sticky-trap surveys were performed in 13 repeatedly surveyed plots strategically located near high-traffic roadways and rail-lines along the Ohio-West Virginia border. Sites were located in Jefferson (Ohio), Brooke (West Virginia), and Hancock (West Virginia) counties. Only one SLF was detected in 2021 (the third documented Ohio site containing SLF) in close proximity to a railway, consistent with rail-mediated dispersal trends recorded throughout the United States. Thirty-one SLF were captured in 2 Ohio sites in 2022, 30 of which were captured at the same railway site as in 2021. However, 1 of the 31 SLF was found in a plot on a university campus 1.25 km from the nearest railway, along with 10 additional specimens found in a follow-up visual survey of a neighboring woodlot. Failure to detect SLF at nearby survey plots nearer to the closest rail line and commuter parking lots suggests local unaided dispersal in a state with primarily train-mediated dispersal—mirroring trends in affected states with more established SLF populations. Data from this survey are valuable for establishing baselines and early-invasion patterns of SLF dispersal into Ohio, anticipating SLF expansion patterns in Ohio, and eventually contributing to improved SLF dispersal modeling in Ohio, the Midwest, and the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Teki, Sundeep, Barascud, Nicolas, Picard, Samuel, Payne, Christopher, Griffiths, Timothy D., Chait, Maria

المصدر: Cerebral Cortex; Sep2016, Vol. 26 Issue 9, p3669-3680, 12p

المؤلفون: Marcus, Hani J., Seneci, Carlo A., Payne, Christopher J., Nandi, Dipankar, Darzi, Ara, Yang, Guang-Zhong

المصدر: Neurosurgery; Mar2014 Supplement, p84-96, 13p

المؤلفون: Payne, Christopher J.¹, Thomson, Alison H.^2,3, Stearns, Adam T.¹, Watson, David G.³, Zhang, Tong³, Kingsmore, David B.¹, Byrne, Dominique S.¹, Binning, Alexander S.⁴

المصدر: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (JAC). Nov2011, Vol. 66 Issue 11, p2624-2627. 4p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *GLYCOPEPTIDE antibiotics, *VANCOMYCIN, *TISSUES, *SURGERY, *ANTIBACTERIAL agents

مستخلص: Objectives To determine the tissue penetration of vancomycin into perivascular fat and arterial wall during a continuous infusion of vancomycin, given as prophylaxis for vascular surgery. Patients and methods Patients undergoing arterial reconstruction requiring antibiotic prophylaxis were included. Patients received a loading infusion of vancomycin the evening prior to surgery followed by a continuous 24 h infusion, calculated according to renal function. Three peri-operative serum samples and intra-operative perivascular fat and arterial wall samples were collected for vancomycin assay. Results Twenty-eight patients were included. Three serum samples were obtained from all patients, fat samples were available from 27 (96.4%) patients and vessel wall samples were available from 23 (82.1%) patients. Serum vancomycin concentrations were maintained within a relatively narrow range, while fat and arterial wall concentrations were highly variable. Conclusions This study has shown that prophylactic administration of vancomycin with a loading infusion followed by a continuous infusion before and during vascular surgery achieves serum and vascular tissue concentrations that are above the MICs for most common organisms implicated in post-operative graft infection. However, penetration into perivascular fat tissues is poor. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

المؤلفون: Payne, Christopher J., Gallagher, Shannon J., Foreman, Oded, Dannenberc, Jan Hermen, Depinho, Ronald A., Braun, Robert E.

المصدر: Stem Cells; Aug2010, Vol. 28 Issue 8, p1424-1434, 11p, 4 Color Photographs, 1 Diagram, 1 Graph

مصطلحات موضوعية: SERTOLI cells, GERM cell tumors, STEM cells, SEX chromosomes, CHROMATIN

مستخلص: Microenvironments support the maintenance of stem cells and the growth of tumors through largely unknown mechanisms. While cell-autonomous chromatin modifications have emerged as important determinants for self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells, a role for non-cell autonomous epigenetic contributions is not well established. Here, we genetically ablated the chromatin modifier Swi-independenI 3a (Sin3a) in fetal Sertoli cells, which partly comprise the niche for male germline stem cells, and investigated its impact on spermatogenic cell fate and teratoma formation in vivo, Sertoli cell-specific Sin3a deletion resulted in the formation of few undif'ferentiated spermatogonia after birth while initially maintaining spermatogenic differentiation. Stem cell-associated markers Plzf, Gfral, and Oct4 were downregulated in the mutant fetal gonad, while Sertoli cell markers Steel and Gdnf, which support germ cells, were not diminished. Following birth, markers of differentiating .spermatogonia. Kit and Sohlli2, exhibited normal levels, but chemokine-signaling molecules cbemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12)/stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDFl)and chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4), expressed in Sertoli cells and germ cells, respectively, were not detected. In the juvenile, mutant testes exhibited a progressive loss of differentiating spermatogonia and a block in spermatid elongation, followed by extensive germ cell degeneration. Sertoli cell-specific Sin3a deletion also suppressed teratoma formation by fetal germ cells in an in vivo transplantation assay. We conclude that the epigenome of Sertoli cells influences the establishment of a niche for germline stem cells as well as for tumor initiating cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Doukas, Dimitrios, Payne, Christopher C.

المصدر: Journal of Economic Entomology; Apr2007, Vol. 100 Issue 2, p389-397, 9p, 8 Charts, 1 Graph

مصطلحات موضوعية: GREENHOUSE whitefly, HOMOPTERA, BIOLOGICAL control of insects, INSECT pest control, INSECT sterilization, AGRICULTURAL pests, PEST control, INSECTS, ENTOMOLOGY

مستخلص: The greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), is known to respond to UV light (UV). Field studies were conducted to improve our understanding of the behavioral effects and practical implications of using UV-blocking plastic films for the control of whitefly. Adult whiteflies were released in outdoor-located choice-chamber experiments with compartments clad with a range of films that transmitted incident UV to different extents. In release-recapture experiments, a very small proportion of the whiteflies recovered had dispersed into compartments where the entire UV spectrum was blocked, whereas the major proportion preferred compartments with UV. Compartments clad with films that blocked UV below 375 nm attracted significantly more whiteflies than films that blocked UV below 385 nm, whereas the absorption of UV wavelengths above 385 nm did not show any further effect on whitefly numbers. A reduction in the side cladding of the compartments by >20% significantly reduced the advantage of using UV-blocking films. Adult whitefly did not discriminate between direct- and diffused-light environments, as long as the UV-absorbing properties of the films were equivalent. Whitefly dispersal was influenced by the time of the day when adult whitefly were released, with a higher proportion of whitefly avoiding compartments clad with UV-blocking films, at times of the day when light intensities were higher. The future use of UV-blocking films as a potentially highly effective component of integrated pest management systems for the control of whitefly is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Economic Entomology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Doukas, Dimitrios, Payne, Christopher C.

المصدر: Journal of Economic Entomology; Feb2007, Vol. 100 Issue 1, p110-116, 7p, 4 Charts

مصطلحات موضوعية: APHELINIDAE, DISPERSAL of insects, PLASTIC films, PEST control, ULTRAVIOLET radiation, INSECT behavior

مستخلص: The parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) has been used successfully for the control of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). The development of UV-blocking plastic films has added a new component to future integrated pest management systems by disrupting insect pest infestation when UV light is excluded. Because both T. vaporariorum and E. formosa are reported to have similar spectral efficiency, there was a need to identify the impact of UV-blocking films on the dispersal behavior of both the pest and the natural enemy. In field studies, using choice-chamber experiments, E. formosa showed some preference to disperse into compartments where less UV light was blocked. However, further studies indicated that the effect was primarily attributable to the different light diffusion properties of the films tested. Thus, unlike its whitefly host, when the UV-absorbing properties of the films were similar, but the light diffusion properties differed, E. formosa adults preferred to disperse into compartments clad with films that had high light diffusion properties. When the plastic films differed most in their UV-absorbing capacity and had no light-diffusion capability, the initial dispersal of E. formosa between treatments was similar, although a small preference toward the environment with UV light was observed over time. When parasitoid dispersal was measured 3 h after release, more parasitoids were found on plants, suggesting that the parasitoids would search plants for whitefly hosts, even in a UV-blocked light environment. The potential for the integration of UV-blocking films with E. formosa in an advanced whitefly management system is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Economic Entomology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Jernberg, Tomas, Payne, Christopher D., Winters, Kenneth J., Darstein, Christelle, Brandt, John T., Jakubowski, Joseph A., Naganuma, Hideo, Siegbahn, Agneta, Wallentin, Lars

المصدر: European Heart Journal; May2006, Vol. 27 Issue 10, p1166-1173, 8p

مستخلص: Aims This study was designed to compare the degree of inhibition of platelet aggregation (IPA) of prasugrel with that of clopidogrel in stable aspirin-treated patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

: Copyright of European Heart Journal is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Khoury, George A., Payne, Christopher R., Harvey, David R.

المصدر: British Journal of Surgery; Nov1978, Vol. 65 Issue 11, p808-811, 4p

المؤلفون: Lear, John T., Heagerty, Adrian H.M., Smith, Andrew, Bowers, Bill, Payne, Christopher Rowland, Smith, C.A.Dale, Jones, Peter W., Gilford, Janice, Yengi, Lilian, Alldersea, Julie, Fryer, Anthony A., Strange, Richard C.

المصدر: Carcinogenesis; 1996, Vol. 17 Issue 9, p1891-1896, 6p

مستخلص: The genetic factors that mediate the pathogenesis of multiple primary cutaneous basal cell carcinomas (BCC) are largely unclear. Thus, some patients suffer many BCC (>30) and/or rapid accrual (number of tumours/year from first presentation) of further lesions. We have studied, in 827 English Caucasians, the influence of polymorphism in carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes on susceptibility to this cancer. Accordingly, we describe, first, a cross-sectional analysis of the influence of GSTM1, GSTT1, CYP2D6 and CYP1A1 genotypes on tumour numbers, and secondly, a longitudinal analysis, in 169 of these cases, of the effect of these genes on tumour accrual. We have confirmed the expected importance of age and number of lesions at presentation, and male gender and skin type as risk factors. Furthermore, the cross-sectional analysis showed CYP1A1 m1m1 (P = 0.004; rate ratio 1.242) and CYP2D6 EM (P < 0.001, rate ratio 1.266) are associated with increased numbers of BCC. The longitudinal study showed, after adjustment for age and tumour number at presentation, that GSTT1 null (P< 0.001, rate ratio 2.677) and CYP2D6 EM (P< 0.001, rate ratio 2.154) were significant determinants of accrual while CYP1A1 Ile/Ile was associated with slower accrual than the Ile/Val and Val/Val genotypes (P = 0.008, rate ratio 0.690). We believe these are the first genetic factors to be associated with tumour accrual. No significant interactions between genotypes were identified, though the combinations GSTM1 null/skin type 1 (P < 0.001, rate ratio 2.702), CYP2D6 EM/male gender (P = 0.049, rate ratio 1.279) and CYP2D6 EM/blue+green eyes (P = 0.046, rate ratio 1388) influenced tumour numbers. Previous studies indicate the importance of effective repair of UV-damaged DNA in the pathogenesis of multiple BCC; indeed the influence of GSTM1 may result from its ability to utilize 5'-hydroxymethyluracil. However, the finding that CYP2D6 and CYP1A1 influence tumour numbers and accrual indicates detoxification of unknown molecules is important and supports the view that factors other than UV are important in the pathogenesis of BCC. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

: Copyright of Carcinogenesis is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)