Effects of Nicotine Metabolic Rate on Cigarette Reinforcement
| العنوان: | Effects of Nicotine Metabolic Rate on Cigarette Reinforcement |
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| المؤلفون: | Delia A. Dempsey, Natalie Nardone, Rachel F. Tyndale, Gideon St.Helen, Neal L. Benowitz, Evangelia Liakoni |
| المصدر: | Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, vol 22, iss 8 Nicotine Tob Res Liakoni, Evangelia; Nardone, Natalie; St Helen, Gideon; Dempsey, Delia A; Tyndale, Rachel F; Benowitz, Neal L (2020). Effects of Nicotine Metabolic Rate on Cigarette Reinforcement. Nicotine & tobacco research, 22(8), pp. 1419-1423. Oxford University Press 10.1093/ntr/ntz210 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz210Test> |
| بيانات النشر: | Oxford University Press |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Adult, Male, Nicotine, media_common.quotation_subject, Clinical Sciences, Physiology, 610 Medicine & health, Smoking behavior, 03 medical and health sciences, Substance Misuse, 0302 clinical medicine, Clinical Research, Tobacco, medicine, Tobacco Smoking, Humans, Psychology, Reinforcement, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, Cancer, Marketing, 0303 health sciences, Tobacco Smoke and Health, Extramural, Prevention, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Similar time, Tobacco Use Disorder, Tobacco Products, Abstinence, United States, Nicotine metabolism, Good Health and Well Being, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Metabolic rate, Public Health and Health Services, Brief Reports, Female, Public Health, Reinforcement, Psychology, medicine.drug |
| الوصف: | Introduction The rate of nicotine metabolism, estimated by the nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR), is an important determinant of tobacco dependence. This study investigated the effect of NMR on smoking behavior due to nicotine reinforcement during ad libitum smoking. Aims and Methods As part of a larger study, participants were stratified based on saliva NMR as fast and slow metabolizers. After smoking a cigarette and measuring nicotine blood concentrations, participants smoked as desired over a 90-minute period. Analysis included time to first cigarette, total number of cigarettes, total number of puffs, and weight of tobacco consumed. Results Sixty-one (48%) participants were fast metabolizers and 66 (52%) slow metabolizers by NMR. No significant differences were found regarding the smoking topography variables by NMR. Normal metabolizers by genotype (n = 79) had a shorter time to first cigarette than reduced metabolizers (n = 39; p = .032). Blacks smoked fewer cigarettes (p = .008) and took fewer total puffs (p = .002) compared with Whites. Among Whites, fast metabolizers by NMR had a shorter time to first cigarette compared with slow metabolizers (p = .014). Among fast metabolizers, Whites had, compared with Blacks, shorter latency to first cigarette (p = .003) and higher number of total puffs (p = .014) and cigarettes smoked (p = .014). Baseline cigarettes per day and nicotine elimination half-life significantly predicted topography outcomes. Conclusions Saliva NMR did not predict cigarette reinforcement during a relatively brief period of ad libitum smoking. Differences were seen by race, with White fast metabolizers by NMR having shorter time to first cigarettes compared with slow metabolizers. Implications After a 90-minute period of nicotine abstinence, NMR was not significantly associated with smoking reinforcement. Slow and fast metabolizers had similar time to first cigarette, number of cigarettes smoked, total number of puffs, and tobacco consumed; however, within-race differences show that within Whites, fast metabolizers had a faster time to first cigarette than slow metabolizers. |
| وصف الملف: | application/pdf |
| اللغة: | English |
| DOI: | 10.7892/boris.136033 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::fb18399256f0115b566b79341d6f44a0Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....fb18399256f0115b566b79341d6f44a0 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| DOI: | 10.7892/boris.136033 |
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