المؤلفون: Rafael Suárez-Vega, Yolanda Santana-Jiménez, Juan M. Hernández, José Juan Santana-Figueroa

المصدر: ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information; Volume 12; Issue 8; Pages: 320

مصطلحات موضوعية: bike sharing, socioeconomic equity, social network analysis, exponential random graph models

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: (1) Background: This work analyzes socioeconomic equity in bike-sharing systems. Specifically, we study the effect of income on bike use in an innovative way by analyzing the frequency of bike routes connecting areas with different mean incomes. (2) Methods: We use Social Network Analysis tools to estimate the probability of connection between two stations depending on income and controlling for other predictors. The method was applied to a bike-sharing system located in the city of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. (3) Results: Stations located in lower-income neighborhoods have a lower probability of generating routes, and stations located in higher-income areas are more likely to be connected to each other. (4) Conclusions: The frequency of bike routes is more influenced by income than other socioeconomic characteristics of the area, such as commercial and leisure use. Since socioeconomic inequities are corroborated by the work, policies for lower-income users should be promoted.

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العلاقة: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12080320Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12080320Test

المؤلفون: Zhou Nie

المصدر: Social Sciences; Volume 12; Issue 4; Pages: 236

مصطلحات موضوعية: exponential random graph models for social networks, meta-communication, digital media, social process, stochastic models

الوصف: In recent years; digital media has garnered widespread interest from various domains. Despite advancements in the technology of digital media for globalized communication; disparities persist in user interaction patterns across different regions. These differences can be attributed to the presence of a control system, known as meta-communication, which shapes the coding of information based on social relationships. Meta-communication is formed in various social contexts, resulting in varying communication patterns among different groups. However, empirical research on the social processes that form meta-communication in digital media is scarce due to the challenges in quantifying meta-communication. This study aims to introduce exponential random graph models as a potential tool for analyzing meta-communication in digital media and to provide a preliminary understanding of its formation. The use of such models could prove valuable for researchers seeking to study meta-communication in digital media.

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العلاقة: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci12040236Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12040236Test

المؤلفون: Suwan Lu, Guobin Fang, Mingtao Zhao

المصدر: Sustainability; Volume 15; Issue 7; Pages: 5725

مصطلحات موضوعية: inclusive growth, sustainable economic growth, complex network analysis, motifs, exponential random graph models

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: China’s economic growth has been impressive, but the persistent income inequality poses a threat to its sustainability. To address this issue, we use the complex network analysis method for the first time to explore the structural characteristics of the regional spatial correlation network of inclusive growth (RSCN) of 26 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China from 1999 to 2020. We use exponential random graph models to explore the internal mechanisms and driving factors that shape this network. Our results show that inclusive growth dependencies between regions are widespread and increasing. Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang serve as benchmark regions, while provinces in the middle reach of the Yangtze River play an increasingly important bridging role. The northwestern region mainly acts as a receiving region. Our study identifies transitivity, reciprocity, and high interaction tendency as critical microstructures. Furthermore, we find that infrastructure, digital economy development, financial marketization, fiscal expenditure linkages, and inter-provincial trade linkages are crucial factors in shaping network relationships. Our study provides theoretical support for the development of China’s regional coordinated development strategy and sustainable economic growth policies.

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العلاقة: Social Ecology and Sustainability; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15075725Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075725Test

المؤلفون: Jun Gao, Xiang Yu

المصدر: Sustainability; Volume 14; Issue 3; Pages: 1760

مصطلحات موضوعية: “Belt and Road Initiative”, patent cooperation, network structure, exponential random graph models, influence factor

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: The Belt and Road Initiative (B&R), was initiated by China in 2013, and it covers over 60% and 30% of the world’s population and GDP, respectively. The initiative has directed a great deal of investment in energy, transportation, and 5G. Whilst much attention has been focused on cooperation in international trade, technological cooperation in the form of patents has been largely ignored. This paper investigates the formation of technological cooperative relationships among B&R countries within a technical cooperation network. Comprehensive consideration of various factors between participating countries was undertaken, using statistical methods from social network analysis theory. The node attributes and relations between countries and the network structure were studied in a sequence of network analyses using temporal exponential random graph models (TERGMs) and static exponential random graph models (ERGMs). The main findings suggest that research ability, financial ability, technological innovation ability, technological spillover proximity, geographical proximity, and technical proximity have an impact on participation in technical cooperation between B&R countries. Research ability, technological spillover proximity, geographical proximity, and technical proximity have a positive influence on the development of cooperation. However, the financial and technological innovation ability of a country does not actively promote the development of cooperation. The entire cooperation network structure does not have a greater aggregation effect compared with a random network, and intermediary multi-path cooperation is not obvious. This paper analyzes the driving factors for technological cooperation through a systematic study of the characteristics and relationships of B&R countries, and also of the network characteristics among B&R countries. The results of our analysis show that the characteristics of technical cooperation in the B&R region provide a reference for the study of international ...

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العلاقة: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031760Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031760Test

المؤلفون: Yakun Ji, Xiang Yu, Minghan Sun, Ben Zhang

المصدر: Sustainability; Volume 14; Issue 3; Pages: 1618

مصطلحات موضوعية: open innovation, patent citation, social network, exponential random graph models, ERGM

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: The research of open innovation (OI) has developed considerably in recent years. In this article, a new perspective based on the patent citation network is provided to explore the dynamic evolution and mode of OI. In our framework of the OI network, enterprises are represented as nodes, and patent citations represent cross-organizational knowledge flow, which are ties in the network. The Driver Assistance System (DAS) was selected as the research case. Time-sliced patent citation networks are constructed, and then an exponential random graph model is employed to identify the formation mechanism of OI networks. The results show that the OI network of DAS is still partially open and at a low level. The inherent dominance of automakers may have been weakened, and new models and relationships in innovation activities are developing. In addition, heterogeneity in type and geographic proximity which significantly promote the formation of the open network was prevented, but the larger scale of the enterprise inhibited the OI network. R&D investment has no obvious impact. This research provides a new perspective to observe open innovation and helps stakeholders to better understand industry trends.

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العلاقة: Economic and Business Aspects of Sustainability; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031618Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031618Test

المؤلفون: Alexander Steiger, Fabian Mumenthaler, Siegfried Nagel

المصدر: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 18; Issue 12; Pages: 6603

مصطلحات موضوعية: social network analysis, psychosocial health, social participation, physical activity, sports, children, intellectual disability, inclusion, exponential random graph models

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: Social networks affect health. In this empirical study, friendship networks in integrative organized sports were examined and then compared with friendship networks in integrative school. Relevant factors for friendship network formation were investigated, with a particular interest in the relevance of intellectual disability. Advanced social network analysis was performed using exponential random graph modeling (ERGM) on individual attributes and dyadic factors, while controlling for network structures. A meta-analysis of estimated ERGMs in each setting, organized sports and school, was conducted. When controlling for all other included factors, intellectual disability is not relevant for friendship networks in organized sports. Athletic ability and gender homophily are relevant factors, while language and similarity in athletic ability are not. Contrary to the results for organized sports, intellectual disability and speaking a foreign language at home are negative factors in friendship networks at school. Athletic ability is important in both settings. Regarding dyadic factors, gender homophily is important in both settings, but similarity in athletic ability is not. To foster the psychosocial health of children with intellectual disabilities, they should be encouraged to participate in integrative organized sports as, there, they are part of friendship networks in a manner equal to their peers without an intellectual disability.

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العلاقة: Environmental Health; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126603Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126603Test

المؤلفون: Yizhuo Zhang, Rui Chen, Ding Ma

المصدر: Sustainability; Volume 12; Issue 11; Pages: 4605

مصطلحات موضوعية: financial crisis, global stock market connectedness, weighted risk network, generalized variance decomposition, generalized exponential random graph models (GERGM)

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: The financial penetration accelerated by economic globalization and financial liberalization has inevitably induced market co-movement and the rising likelihood of cross-market risk contagion. An in-depth analysis concerning the carrier of risk contagion, i.e., market connectedness network, is of great significance for risk management. This study aims to establish a holistic framework to shed light on the topological dynamics and the evolving channels of connectedness network among 24 major stock markets in two aspects; namely, a dynamic perspective juxtaposing crisis and non-crisis periods, and a contrasting perspective between risk absorption and risk spillover. To this end, a methodological framework of the generalized variance decomposition and generalized exponential random graph models (GERGM) is constructed, in which the former method formulates the asymmetric causal relationships of stock return volatility among countries and regions into weighted and directed networks, and the latter method simulates and models the varying attributes of different contagion channels in the formation of tie directions and weights. The results indicate that the global stock market network reflects typical event-driven and time-varying characteristics. Countries and regions that rely heavily on foreign direct investment (FDI) are more likely to absorb risks, especially during the post-crisis recovery period, while countries and regions with higher foreign portfolio holdings are more inclined to risk spillover, especially during the subprime crisis. Geographical proximity and bilateral trade volume amplify risk contagion, whereas foreign exchange reserve holding improves robustness. This holistic framework allows the identification of the direction and intensity of risk contagion and the clarification of priority of risk transmission channels in different stages, thus reducing the uncertainty of risk management and providing insights into the macro-prudential managements toward sustainable economic development.

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العلاقة: Economic and Business Aspects of Sustainability; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114605Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114605Test

المؤلفون: Pihu Feng, Duoyong Sun, Zaiwu Gong

المصدر: Sustainability; Volume 11; Issue 16; Pages: 4370

مصطلحات موضوعية: finance flow network, pyramid scheme, social network, motif analysis, exponential random graph models

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: (1) Background: The pyramid scheme has caused a large-scale plunder of finances due to the unsustainability of its operating model, which seriously jeopardizes economic development and seriously affects social stability. In various types of networks, the finance flow network plays an extremely important role in the pyramid scheme organization. Through the study of the finance network, the operational nature of pyramid scheme organizations can be effectively explored, and the understanding of pyramid scheme organizations can be deepened to provide a basis for dealing with them. (2) Methods: This paper uses the motifs analysis and exponential random graph model in social network analysis to study the micro-structure and the network construction process of the “5.03” pyramid scheme finance flow network in Hunan, China. (3) Results: The finance flow network is sparse, the microstructure shows a typical pyramid structure; finance flows within the community and eventually flows to the most critical personnel, there is no finance relationship between different communities, and there are few finance relationships between pyramid salesmen of the same level. The inductees are in a key position in the network, which may explain why they are transferred to prosecution.

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العلاقة: Economic and Business Aspects of Sustainability; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164370Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11164370Test

المؤلفون: Jida Liu, Jian Wang, Chenxi Lian

المصدر: Healthcare
Volume 9
Issue 8
Healthcare, Vol 9, Iss 1041, p 1041 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Government, Matching (statistics), Leadership and Management, Health Policy, media_common.quotation_subject, Productive capacity, Health Informatics, Article, Core (game theory), Health Information Management, cooperative network, Exponential random graph models, Medicine, expansion mechanism, Business, exponential random graph model, Function (engineering), Social organization, emergency supply support, Mechanism (sociology), Industrial organization, public health emergency, media_common

الوصف: The outbreak of COVID-19 has significantly restricted the productive capacity of society and resulted in a shortage of supplies to maintain survival. Lightening the burden not only depends on government agencies, but also needs extensive social organization participation. However, few studies focus on how to promote social cooperation to support the provision of emergency supplies. This study aimed to find out the theoretical mechanism to expand the cooperative networks of supply support organizations during the epidemic. Data from the emergency response to the COVID-19 pandemic in China were used. Three cooperative networks from a progressive perspective were constructed based on the cooperative relationships among organizations. The expansion mechanism was verified by the exponential random graph model. The results show that when the institutional network expands into an interactive network, the composition of organization types has changed, but the cooperative network’s efficiency does not improve much. The matching effect of the organizational type and the Matthew effect of nodes are both effective paths to promote cooperative network expansion, however, the structure effect shows that complex relationship structure is not a critical factor. Our findings highlight the importance of core organizations and the function of different types of organizations in building cooperative network as well as providing theoretical frameworks for policymakers to use in guiding and motivating social cooperation in emergency supplies.

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الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::b2a52958de2b70748c3928ef1ec455c8Test