المؤلفون: Molina, José-Luis, Espejo, Fernando, Zazo, Santiago, Diez-Castro, Teresa, Mongil-Manso, Jorge, Nespereira, José, Patino-Alonso, Carmen, Silla, Fernando

المصدر: Water (20734441); Apr2024, Vol. 16 Issue 7, p960, 16p

مصطلحات موضوعية: SEDIMENT transport, SEDIMENTATION & deposition, RESERVOIR sedimentation, WATER storage, SLOPE stability

مستخلص: Sediment deposition at the bottom of artificial reservoirs has become a worldwide problem. This comprises a dual issue that is, in the first place, associated with the reduction in storage capacity and lifetime of large reservoirs. The second aspect comprises the threat that the sediment represents for the dam structure. This research is mainly aimed at identifying and inferring the main sediments' triggering processes through a rigorous analysis of deposition shapes in a large reservoir. For identifying the main deposition shapes, a sequential methodology was designed and developed comprising the following stages. First, an analysis of XYZ cartography from bathymetric development was conducted. Then, a shapes categorization was developed that comprises the identification of six types of shapes based on four parameters: slope continuity, slope break, absolute and relative slope, and arc configuration. The third stage comprised a visualization and spatial calculation of shapes through GIS-based cartography. The fourth stage comprised an interpretation of deposition shapes processes: for that, a dual analysis was developed. First, an analysis based on fluvial sediments transport processes was realized. The second stage implied an analysis of the dam influence on fluvial hydrodynamics and sediments transport. Results comprised a quantitative assessment of each shape as well as physical processes identification and interpretation, generating a robust equivalence between shapes and triggering processes. This research proved successful for the identification and characterization of the main deposition and transport processes that may help to prevent, palliate, and/or correct phenomenon of silting in large reservoirs. This detailed knowledge of deposition forms opens new strategies to release sediments from storage water more effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Molina, José-Luis, Zazo, Santiago, Espejo, Fernando, Patino-Alonso, Carmen, Blanco-Gutiérrez, Irene, Zarzo, Domingo

المصدر: Water (20734441); Feb2024, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p506, 14p

مصطلحات موضوعية: FLOOD risk, SNAKES, MUNICIPAL water supply, WATER levels, FLOOD warning systems, CITIES & towns

مصطلحات جغرافية: ALICANTE (Spain)

مستخلص: Floods are probably the most hazardous global natural event as well as the main cause of human losses and economic damage. They are often hard to predict, but their consequences may be reduced by taking the right precautions. In this sense, hydraulic infrastructures, such as dams, are generally the most widely used management elements to significantly mitigate this natural risk. However, others, such as linear ones, mainly ditches and canals, can both in themselves be potentially active risk-generating factors and vectors of flooding risk propagation. The aim of this research is to develop an accurate and detailed technique for assessing the intrinsic risk of these infrastructures due to flood events. This is performed based on two key factors: the proximity to urban areas and the water level reached in the infrastructures. Consequently, this research is developed through a double geomatic and hydraulic component organized into four steps: topological processing, parameter computation, risk calculation, and development of the Risk Colored Snake (RCS) technique. This was successfully applied to the network of irrigation ditches of Almoradí in Alicante (Spain), which is characterized by a high exposure level to flood hazards. RCS is a valuable tool to easily assess the potential risk of each section of the linear hydraulic infrastructures. By means of color-coding RCS, it is simpler for the end user to quickly detect potentially problematic locations in an accurate and detailed manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Gómez-Vecino, Aurora, Corchado-Cobos, Roberto, Blanco-Gómez, Adrián, García-Sancha, Natalia, Castillo-Lluva, Sonia, Martín-García, Ana, Mendiburu-Eliçabe, Marina, Prieto, Carlos, Ruiz-Pinto, Sara, Pita, Guillermo, Velasco-Ruiz, Alejandro, Patino-Alonso, Carmen, Galindo-Villardón, Purificación, Vera-Pedrosa, María Linarejos, Jalife, José, Mao, Jian-Hua, Macías de Plasencia, Guillermo, Castellanos-Martín, Andrés, Sáez-Freire, María del Mar, Fraile-Martín, Susana

المصدر: Cells (2073-4409); Aug2023, Vol. 12 Issue 15, p1956, 28p

مصطلحات موضوعية: GENETIC markers, CARDIOTOXICITY, LOCUS (Genetics), PHENOTYPES, CARDIAC magnetic resonance imaging, MACHINE learning, BREAST

مستخلص: Cardiotoxicity due to anthracyclines (CDA) affects cancer patients, but we cannot predict who may suffer from this complication. CDA is a complex trait with a polygenic component that is mainly unidentified. We propose that levels of intermediate molecular phenotypes (IMPs) in the myocardium associated with histopathological damage could explain CDA susceptibility, so variants of genes encoding these IMPs could identify patients susceptible to this complication. Thus, a genetically heterogeneous cohort of mice (n = 165) generated by backcrossing were treated with doxorubicin and docetaxel. We quantified heart fibrosis using an Ariol slide scanner and intramyocardial levels of IMPs using multiplex bead arrays and QPCR. We identified quantitative trait loci linked to IMPs (ipQTLs) and cdaQTLs via linkage analysis. In three cancer patient cohorts, CDA was quantified using echocardiography or Cardiac Magnetic Resonance. CDA behaves as a complex trait in the mouse cohort. IMP levels in the myocardium were associated with CDA. ipQTLs integrated into genetic models with cdaQTLs account for more CDA phenotypic variation than that explained by cda-QTLs alone. Allelic forms of genes encoding IMPs associated with CDA in mice, including AKT1, MAPK14, MAPK8, STAT3, CAS3, and TP53, are genetic determinants of CDA in patients. Two genetic risk scores for pediatric patients (n = 71) and women with breast cancer (n = 420) were generated using machine-learning Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression. Thus, IMPs associated with heart damage identify genetic markers of CDA risk, thereby allowing more personalized patient management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Patino-Alonso, Carmen, Espejo, Fernando, Zazo, Santiago, Molina, Jose-Luis

المصدر: Water (20734441); Jun2023, Vol. 15 Issue 12, p2268, 14p

مصطلحات موضوعية: RESERVOIRS, DAMS, CLIMATE change, FLOODS, WATER levels, WATER management, WATER efficiency, WATER currents, GEOGRAPHIC names

مصطلحات جغرافية: CASTILLA y Leon (Spain)

مستخلص: The world currently faces significant hydrologic changes associated with global climate change, such as changes in precipitation patterns, rising surface temperature, and increases in the frequency and intensity of floods and droughts, which will affect the design capacity and operating characteristics of dams/reservoirs. This brings new challenges to current water management strategies. This research is aimed to create, apply, and provide a novel indicator named Circularity Index for Dams/Reservoirs (CIDR) that allows the determination of the water circularity level on the dual dam/reservoir system; that is to evaluate the water efficiency levels and the circular water flows for the processes at a site. This new method has hydrological, economic, and environmental variables as well as social ones. This indicator is defined as the sum of the scores of the eleven indicators comprising the model multiplied by the weight. The method has been implemented giving the same weight for each indicator. It has been successfully applied in the 18 dam/reservoir systems managed by the Duero River Basin, located in the region of "Castilla y León" (Spain). The CIDR provides maximum information in a single indicator value ranging from 0 to 55. A higher value of CIDR indicates a better practice of water circularity management. The results probe the increased utility of the index and suggest that six dams/reservoirs present high circularity of water flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: de Dios-Rodríguez, Elena, Patino-Alonso, Carmen, González-Sánchez, Susana, Tamayo-Morales, Olaya, Ripoll, Joana, Mora-Simón, Sara, Unzueta-Arce, Jaime, Gómez-Marcos, Manuel A, García-Ortiz, Luis, Rodríguez-Sánchez, Emiliano

المصدر: Healthcare (2227-9032); May2023, Vol. 11 Issue 9, p1255, 17p

مصطلحات موضوعية: COMPETENCY assessment (Law), TREATMENT of dementia, RESEARCH, EVALUATION of human services programs, COUNSELING, ANALYSIS of variance, BURDEN of care, MANN Whitney U Test, PHYSICAL activity, PRIMARY health care, FUNCTIONAL assessment, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, DEMENTIA patients, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests, QUESTIONNAIRES, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, CHI-squared test, REPEATED measures design, RESEARCH funding, COGNITIVE testing, FAMILY relations, STATISTICAL sampling, BARTHEL Index, DATA analysis software, HEALTH promotion, LONGITUDINAL method

مصطلحات جغرافية: SPAIN

مستخلص: People living with dementia (PLWD) and their family caregivers report higher rates of having a sedentary lifestyle than their non-disabled peers do. This study analyzed the effectiveness of an intervention designed to increase physical activity among PLWD and their family caregivers in primary health care settings. A cluster-randomized multicenter clinical trial was conducted. Participants from four health centers were randomly assigned to the intervention group (IG) or the control group (CG) in a 1:1 ratio using Epidat software. After a seven-day period with a digital pedometer (Omron Hj-321 lay-UPS), participants were asked to complete the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). PLWD and caregivers allocated to the IG were given brief advice, educational materials and an additional 15 min appointment to prescribe an individualized physical activity plan. Seventy PLWD and 80 caregivers were assigned to the CG and 70 PLWD and 96 caregivers were assigned to the IG. Results of the pedometer assessment show that in PLWD, the IG's activity increased by 52.89 aerobic steps at 6 months and the CG's activity decreased by 615.93 aerobic steps, showing a net increase in the IG of 668.82 (95% CI: −444.27 to 1781.91; p = 0.227). For caregivers in the IG, activity increased by 356.91 aerobic steps and in the CG it decreased by 12.95 aerobic steps, showing a net increase in favor of the IG of 369.86 (95%CI: −659.33 to 1399.05; p = 0.476). The effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity in this group of people with dementia and their caregivers did not achieved positive results overall but may have provided suggestions for family physicians and physical therapists to improve physical activity among people with dementia and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Patino-Alonso, Carmen^1,2 (AUTHOR) carpatino@usal.es, Gómez-Sánchez, Marta² (AUTHOR), Gómez-Sánchez, Leticia² (AUTHOR), Rodríguez-Sánchez, Emiliano^2,3,4,5 (AUTHOR), Agudo-Conde, Cristina^2,3,5 (AUTHOR), García-Ortiz, Luis^2,3,5,6 (AUTHOR), Gómez-Marcos, Manuel A^2,3,4,5 (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Mathematics (2227-7390). Apr2023, Vol. 11 Issue 7, p1645. 18p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *BOOSTING algorithms, *CAROTID intima-media thickness, *MACHINE learning, *MICRONUTRIENTS, *MONOUNSATURATED fatty acids, *PULSE wave analysis, *PERIPHERAL vascular diseases

مستخلص: The influence of dietary components on vascular dysfunction and aging is unclear. This study therefore aims to propose a model to predict the influence of macro and micronutrients on accelerated vascular aging in a Spanish population without previous cardiovascular disease. This cross-sectional study involved a total of 501 individuals aged between 35 and 75 years. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was measured using a Sphygmo Cor® device. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMTc) was measured using a Sonosite Micromax® ultrasound machine. The Vascular Aging Index (VAI) was estimated according to VAI = (LN (1.09) × 10 cIMT + LN (1.14) × cfPWV) 39.1 + 4.76. Vascular aging was defined considering the presence of a vascular lesion and the p75 by age and sex of VAI following two steps: Step 1: subjects were labelled as early vascular aging (EVA) if they had a peripheral arterial disease or carotid artery lesion. Step 2: they were classified as EVA if the VAI value was >p75 and as normal vascular aging (NVA) if it was ≤p75. To predict the model, we used machine learning algorithms to analyse the association between macro and micronutrients and vascular aging. In this article, we proposed the AdXGRA model, a stacked ensemble learning model for diagnosing vascular aging from macro and micronutrients. The proposed model uses four classifiers, AdaBoost (ADB), extreme gradient boosting (XGB), generalized linear model (GLM), and random forest (RF) at the first level, and then combines their predictions by using a second-level multilayer perceptron (MLP) classifier to achieve better performance. The model obtained an accuracy of 68.75% in prediction, with a sensitivity of 66.67% and a specificity of 68.79%. The seven main variables related to EVA in the proposed model were sodium, waist circumference, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), total protein, calcium, and potassium. These results suggest that total protein, PUFA, and MUFA are the macronutrients, and calcium and potassium are the micronutrients related to EVA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Gómez-Sánchez, Leticia, Gómez-Sánchez, Marta, Rodríguez-Sánchez, Emiliano, Patino-Alonso, Carmen, Alonso-Dominguez, Rosario, Sanchez-Aguadero, Natalia, Lugones-Sánchez, Cristina, Llamas-Ramos, Ines, García-Ortiz, Luis, Gómez-Marcos, Manuel A.

المصدر: Journal of Clinical Medicine; May2022, Vol. 11 Issue 9, p2671-2671, 14p

مصطلحات موضوعية: WAIST-hip ratio, OLDER people, POPULATION aging, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, TYPE 2 diabetes, PULSE wave analysis

مصطلحات جغرافية: SALAMANCA (Spain)

مستخلص: The objectives of this study were to analyse the capacity of different anthropometric indices to predict vascular ageing and this association in Spanish adult population without cardiovascular disease. A total of 501 individuals without cardiovascular disease residing in the capital of Salamanca (Spain) were selected (mean age: 55.9 years, 50.3% women), through stratified random sampling by age and sex. Starting from anthropometric measurements such as weight, height, and waist circumference, hip circumference, or biochemical parameters, we could estimate different indices that reflected general obesity, abdominal obesity, and body fat distribution. Arterial stiffness was evaluated by measuring carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) using a SphygmoCor^® device. Vascular ageing was defined in three steps: Step 1: the participants with vascular injury were classified as early vascular ageing (EVA); Step 2: classification of the participants using the 10 and 90 percentiles of cf-PWV in the study population by age and sex in EVA, healthy vascular ageing (HVA) and normal vascular ageing (NVA); Step 3: re-classification of participants with arterial hypertension or type 2 diabetes mellitus included in HVA as NVA. The total prevalence of HVA and EVA was 8.4% and 21.4%, respectively. All the analysed anthropometric indices, except waist/hip ratio (WHpR), were associated with vascular ageing. Thus, as the values of the different anthropometric indices increase, the probability of being classified with NVA and as EVA increases. The capacity of the anthropometric indices to identify people with HVA showed values of area under the curve (AUC) ≥ 0.60. The capacity to identify people with EVA, in total, showed values of AUC between 0.55 and 0.60. In conclusion, as the values of the anthropometric indices increased, the probability that the subjects presented EVA increased. However, the relationship of the new anthropometric indices with vascular ageing was not stronger than that of traditional parameters. Therefore, BMI and WC can be considered to be the most useful indices in clinical practice to identify people with vascular ageing in the general population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Patino-Alonso, Carmen^1,2 (AUTHOR) carpatino@usal.es, Gómez-Sánchez, Marta² (AUTHOR) leticiagmzsnchz@gmail.com, Gómez-Sánchez, Leticia² (AUTHOR) benissanchez@gmail.com, Sánchez Salgado, Benigna^2,3 (AUTHOR) emiliano@usal.es, Rodríguez-Sánchez, Emiliano^2,3,4 (AUTHOR) lgarcia@usal.es, García-Ortiz, Luis^2,3,5 (AUTHOR) magomez@usal.es, Gómez-Marcos, Manuel A.^2,3,4 (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Mathematics (2227-7390). Feb2022, Vol. 10 Issue 4, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *VITAMIN D deficiency, *MACHINE learning, *VITAMIN D, *BODY mass index, *WAIST circumference, *STATISTICAL sampling

مستخلص: Background: Vitamin D deficiency affects the general population and is very common among elderly Europeans. This study compared different supervised learning algorithms in a cohort of Spanish individuals aged 35–75 years to predict which anthropometric parameter was most strongly associated with vitamin D deficiency. Methods: A total of 501 participants were recruited by simple random sampling with replacement (reference population: 43,946). The analyzed anthropometric parameters were waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body roundness index (BRI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and the Clinical University of Navarra body adiposity estimator (CUN-BAE) for body fat percentage. Results: All the anthropometric indices were associated, in males, with vitamin D deficiency (p < 0.01 for the entire sample) after controlling for possible confounding factors, except for CUN-BAE, which was the only parameter that showed a correlation in females. Conclusions: The capacity of anthropometric parameters to predict vitamin D deficiency differed according to sex; thus, WC, BMI, WHtR, VAI, and BRI were most useful for prediction in males, while CUN-BAE was more useful in females. The naïve Bayes approach for machine learning showed the best area under the curve with WC, BMI, WHtR, and BRI, while the logistic regression model did so in VAI and CUN-BAE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Vega-Hernández, María Concepción¹ (AUTHOR) mvegahdz@usal.es, Patino-Alonso, Carmen² (AUTHOR) carpatino@usal.es

المصدر: Mathematics (2227-7390). Aug2021, Vol. 9 Issue 15, p1816-1816. 1p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PUBLIC spending, *PUBLIC education

مستخلص: Governments serve a variety of purposes, and where governments spend their money has always been of concern to society. In particular, spending on public education is of great interest. However, the volume of this information can be difficult to manage. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to compare the COSTATIS method and generalized Procrustes analysis (GPA) when working with multi-way data. Despite the particular characteristics of each of them, they present similarities and differences that, when analyzed together, can provide complementary results to researchers. The COSTATIS consists of a co-inertia analysis of the compromise of two k-table analyses. The GPA method provides an optimal superimposed representation of individual configurations, and a common consensus configuration is constructed as the mean of all transformed configurations. In addition, the GPA method includes the translation, rotation and scaling of coordinates. In this study, both methods were applied, and the advantages and disadvantages of each are presented. The treated data are a sequence of tables from various countries where different public expenditures on education have been measured over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]