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1دورية
المصدر: Archives of Environmental Protection.
مصطلحات موضوعية: sewage sludge, heavy metals, acid mine drainage, acid buffering capacity, remobilization
الوصف: Remobilization of heavy metals from the bottom liner system due to the seepage of acid mine drainage (AMD) is an important concern in the long-term management of tailing impoundment. Titration tests were carried out to evaluate the acid buffering capacity (ABC) of sewage sludge and to investigate its effect on the remobilization of heavy metals. Test results demonstrate that the ABC increases with solid/liquid ratio and anaerobic incubation time and it is mainly attributed to the abundant organic matters contained and increasing carbonate loads. The added heavy metals (Zn, Pb, and Cu) were well immobilized during the anaerobic incubation stage but were released out dramatically during the acidification especially when pH drops below 6.0 because of dissolution of carbonates and cation exchange of clay minerals. The calculated results, from a simplified model, indicate that high levels of remobilization of heavy metals are not expected during the typical management time because of the high ABC of compacted sewage sludge barrier. These results support that sewage sludge is a suitable bottom liner material for the management of AMD from tailings.
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2دورية
المؤلفون: Topolska, J., Borowicz, P., Manecki, M., Bajda, T., Kaschabek, S., Merkel, B. J.
المصدر: Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae.
مصطلحات موضوعية: pyromorphite, pseudomonas putida, gluconic acid, Pb remobilization, P-induced method
الوصف: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of bacterially produced gluconic acid on the dissolution of pyromorphite and Pb remobilization. Pyromorphite Pb5(PO4)3Cl is formed as a product of the phosphate-induced treatment of Pb-contaminated sites. This very stable mineral greatly decreases the bioavailability of Pb. In this study, bacterial and abiotic batch experiments on the dissolution of pyromorphite were carried out. In the microbial experiments, the mineral was dissolved in the presence of the phosphate–solubilizing soil bacterium, Pseudomonas putida. The bacterial growth medium was supplemented with glucose, which under natural condi- tions can be supplied to microbes via symbiosis with plants. P. putida acquired P from pyromorphite and enhanced its dissolution. Elevated Pb concentrations were observed in the suspensions with bacteria. The bacterial secretion of 16.5 mM gluconic acid played a significant role in Pb remobilization; the pH of the solution dropped down from an initial 7.4 to 3.5. In the abiotic experiments, pyromorphite was dissolved at several concentrations of gluconic acid and at an acidic to neutral pH range. Both acidification and formation of stable Pb-gluconate ligands enhanced the dissolution of pyromorphite and caused Pb remobilization.
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3دورية
المؤلفون: Bełdowski, J., Miotk, M., Pempkowiak, J.
المصدر: Oceanologia.
مصطلحات موضوعية: Baltic Sea, bioavailability, mercury, remobilization, sediment(s), speciation
الوصف: Sediment cores collected in several areas of the southern Baltic were analysed for total mercury (HgTOT) and five operationally defined mercury fractions: HgA - contained in pore waters, HgF - bound to fulvic acids, HgH - bound to humic acids, HgS - bound to sulphide, and HgR - residual. An effort was made to quantify mercury fluxes at the sediment/water interface in the study area. Net mercury input, calculated on the basis of sedimentation rate and concentration in the uppermost sediments, ranged from 1 to 5.5 ng cm-2 year-1. Mercury remobilisation from sediments due to diffusion and resuspension was calculated from the proportion of labile mercury and the velocity of near-bottom currents. The results showed that the return soluble and particulate fluxes of mercury from the sediments to the water column constitute a substantial proportion of the input (20-50%), and are slightly higher than those found in pristine areas, although they are less than the values recorded in areas with a history of mercury contamination. In addition, an index was developed to assess the methylation potential of mercury in sediments. Mercury contained in pore waters, and mercury bound to fulvic and humic acids together with Loss on Ignition were used to calculate the semi-quantitative methylation potential (Pm). Despite the simplicity of this approach, Pm correlates well with methyl mercury in fish from the study area.
