دورية أكاديمية
Bubble formation in liquid Sn under different plasma loading conditions leading to droplet ejection
| العنوان: | Bubble formation in liquid Sn under different plasma loading conditions leading to droplet ejection |
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| المؤلفون: | Ou, Wei, Brochard, Frédéric, Morgan, T, W |
| المساهمون: | Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research Eindhoven (DIFFER), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
| المصدر: | ISSN: 0029-5515. |
| بيانات النشر: | HAL CCSD IOP Publishing |
| سنة النشر: | 2021 |
| المجموعة: | Université de Lorraine: HAL |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Surface instability, Sn droplets, Bubbles, Free surface, Capillary porous structures, [SPI.PLASMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Plasmas, [PHYS]Physics [physics], [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials |
| الوصف: | International audience ; Liquid metals have been proposed as potential divertor materials for future fusion reactors, and surface stability is a vital requirement for such liquid metal divertors (LMDs). Capillary porous structures (CPSs) have been applied to the design of liquid metal targets as they can avoid MHD instability by surface tension and provide a stable liquid surface. However, our previous work has found that liquid Sn surfaces can be very unstable in hydrogen plasma even in cases without magnetic fields. To increase our understanding of the interaction of liquid Sn surfaces with plasmas, in this work we systematically investigated the surface behaviors of liquid Sn in different plasma exposures in linear plasma devices, either in Nano-PSI at low flux and without magnetic field, or in Magnum-PSI with strong magnetic field strength. Surface instability leading to droplet ejection has been observed and recorded in the experiments. The ejection of droplets is not dependent on magnetic fields and plasma currents, and is found to be dependent on the plasma species and plasma flux and surface temperature. The CPS meshes applied in the experiments cannot completely avoid droplet ejection but can decrease droplet size and lower droplet production rate. In H plasma, droplets were observed once Sn melted even at low fluxes. For the case of N plasma, the appearance of droplets started at a temperature marginally higher than tin-nitride decomposition temperature. Only at high fluxes (~ 10 23-24 m-2 s-1) and high temperatures (900-1000 °C) were a few droplets observed in Ar or He plasma. For all cases, the ejection velocities of most droplets were around 1-5 m/s. Bubble formation, growth and bursting in the plasma-species-supersaturated liquid Sn is proposed as the primary mechanism for the ejection of droplets. Plasma-enhanced solubility is responsible for the achievement of H/N-supersaturated liquid Sn, while high plasma flux implantation is responsible for Ar/He-supersaturated liquid Sn. Once the ... |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article in journal/newspaper |
| اللغة: | English |
| العلاقة: | hal-03229685; https://hal.science/hal-03229685Test; https://hal.science/hal-03229685/documentTest; https://hal.science/hal-03229685/file/NF-104353_R1_accepted.pdfTest |
| DOI: | 10.1088/1741-4326/abf9e0 |
| الإتاحة: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/abf9e0Test https://hal.science/hal-03229685Test https://hal.science/hal-03229685/documentTest https://hal.science/hal-03229685/file/NF-104353_R1_accepted.pdfTest |
| حقوق: | info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.F498E93A |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
| DOI: | 10.1088/1741-4326/abf9e0 |
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