التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
Noninfectious and Nonneoplastic Conditions Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. |
| المؤلفون: |
George, M. Patricia, Singh, Vikas, Gladwin, Mark T. |
| المصدر: |
Seminars in Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine; 2016, Vol. 37 Issue 2, p289-302, 14p |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
HIV, HIV infections, INTERSTITIAL lung diseases, ANTIRETROVIRAL agents, CHRONIC diseases, DISEASE prevalence, HIV infection complications, ANTI-HIV agents, PULMONARY hypertension, SUBSTANCE abuse, HIGHLY active antiretroviral therapy, DISEASE complications |
| مستخلص: |
The goal of this review is to describe evolving epidemiology of noninfectious, nonneoplastic pulmonary complications of HIV infection, including HIV-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (HIV-PAH) and interstitial lung disease (ILD). The development of antiretroviral therapy has rendered HIV a chronic illness in treated patients, and the landscape of HIV-associated medical conditions continues to evolve. Although there has been a shift away from AIDS-defining infectious diseases and malignancies, HIV-PAH continues to affect survival adversely when compared with HIV-infected patients without PAH. Studies of pre- and post-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era show that the prevalence of HIV-PAH remains high and unchanged. The increased prevalence of PAH among HIV-infected individuals has led to several complementary theories about potential mechanisms underlying this disease. Unique mechanisms of HIV-PAH focus on direct effects of viral proteins; alterations in cellular immunologic/inflammatory reactions to the virus; additive effects of cocaine, heroin, and other drugs of abuse; and potentially toxic aspects of antiretroviral and associated therapies. PAH-specific therapy with HAART is likely beneficial in the treatment of HIV-PAH patients. The prevalence of ILD in HIV-infected individuals is also significantly higher than that in the general population. Lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) have been reported in both HIV-infected children and adults, and NSIP is more common than LIP in HIV-infected patients. At present, there is no consensus on the pathogenesis of LIP and NSIP in HIV. Finally, we briefly review the literature on venous thromboembolic disease in HIV-infected individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| قاعدة البيانات: |
Complementary Index |
