المؤلفون: Smith, Joseph L.¹ jolsmith@geisinger.edu, Lengerich, Eugene J.², Wood, G. Craig³

المصدر: American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Nov2009, Vol. 37 Issue 5, p433-436. 4p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *WOUNDS & injuries, *ACCIDENTAL falls, *TRAUMA centers, *SURVEYS, *FISH & game licenses, *HUNTING accidents, *ACCIDENT prevention

مصطلحات جغرافية: PENNSYLVANIA

مستخلص: Background: People who hunt deer from elevated tree stands may improve the chances of a successful hunt but also risk serious injury from a fall to the ground. Purpose: The objective of the current investigation is to estimate the rates of injuries from falls from tree stands using a population-based study design. Methods: Annual and age-specific rates were calculated using injury data collected from 1987 to 2006 from all accredited Pennsylvania trauma centers and hunting license sales and game-take mail surveys from the Pennsylvania Game Commission. Results: From 1987 through 2006, 2.73 people (n=499) per 100,000 licensed deer hunters were injured from falls from tree stands; seven people died. Rates increased from 0.59 in 1987 to 7.08 in 2006 (p<0.001). Rates increased with age (p<0.001) and were highest among hunters aged 40–49 years. The case-fatality rate was 1.4%. Conclusions: Falls from tree stands associated with deer hunting are an increasing and important cause of injuries, especially for older hunters. Surveillance for tree stand–related injuries should be enhanced and preventive initiatives developed and tested. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

المؤلفون: Evans, Robert, Downey, Mathew J., Hershey-Fell, Brenda, Rhoades, Kathy, Peiffer, Laurie, Lengerich, Eugene, Guerra, Carmen E., McGarrity, Thomas J., Curry, Wlliam

المصدر: Gastroenterology (00165085); May2010 Supplement 1, Vol. 138 Issue 5, pS-351, 0p

المؤلفون: Hobley, James C., Mcgarrity, Thomas J., Lengerich, Eugene J.

المصدر: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy; Apr2006, Vol. 63 Issue 5, pAB205-AB205, 1p

المؤلفون: Shen, Chan^1,2,3 (AUTHOR) cshen@pennstatehealth.psu.edu, Klein, Roger W.⁴ (AUTHOR), Moss, Jennifer L.^2,3,5 (AUTHOR), Dodge, Daleela G.^1,3 (AUTHOR), Chetlen, Alison L.^3,6 (AUTHOR), Stahl, Kelly A.¹ (AUTHOR), Zhou, Shouhao^2,3,7 (AUTHOR), Leslie, Douglas L.² (AUTHOR), Ruffin, Mack T.^3,5 (AUTHOR), Lengerich, Eugene J.^2,3 (AUTHOR)

المصدر: American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Dec2021, Vol. 61 Issue 6, p890-899. 10p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *BREAST cancer, *CANCER diagnosis, *TUMOR classification, *INSURANCE, *DIAGNOSIS, *BREAST tumor diagnosis, *MEDICAL screening, *EARLY detection of cancer, *MAMMOGRAMS, *BREAST tumors

مستخلص: Introduction: Many states have mandated breast density notification and insurance coverage for additional screening; yet, the association between such legislation and stage of diagnosis for breast cancer is unclear. This study investigates this association and examines the differential impacts among different age and race/ethnicity subgroups.Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was queried to identify patients with breast cancer aged 40-74 years diagnosed between 2005 and 2016. Using a difference-in-differences multinomial logistic model, the odds of being diagnosed at different stages of cancer relative to the localized stage depending on legislation and individual characteristics were examined. Analyses were conducted in 2020-2021.Results: The study included 689,641 cases. Overall, the impact of notification legislation was not significant, whereas insurance coverage legislation was associated with 6% lower odds (OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.91, 0.96) of being diagnosed at the regional stage. The association between insurance coverage legislation and stage of diagnosis was even stronger among women aged 40-49 years, with 11% lower odds (OR=0.89, 95% CI=0.82, 0.96) of being diagnosed at the regional stage and 12% lower odds (OR=0.88, 95% CI=0.81, 0.96) of being diagnosed at the distant stage. Hispanic women benefited from notification laws, with 11% lower odds (OR=0.89, 95% CI=0.82, 0.97) of being diagnosed at distant stage. Neither notification nor supplemental screening insurance coverage legislation showed a substantial impact on Black women.Conclusions: The findings imply that improving insurance coverage is more important than being notified overall. Raising awareness is important among Hispanic women; improving communication about dense breasts and access to screening might be more important than legislation among Black women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: vanEngelsdorp, Dennis¹ dennis.vanengelsdorp@gmail.com, Tarpy, David R.² david_tarpy@ncsu.edu, Lengerich, Eugene J.³ elengerich@psu.edu, Pettis, Jeffery S.⁴ Jeffery.Pettis@ars.usda.gov

المصدر: Preventive Veterinary Medicine. Feb2013, Vol. 108 Issue 2/3, p225-233. 9p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *ANIMAL clutches, *BEEKEEPING, *EPIDEMIOLOGY, *QUEEN honeybees, *COLONIES (Biology), *MORTALITY

مصطلحات جغرافية: UNITED States

مستخلص: Abstract: Using standard epidemiological methods, this study set out to quantify the risk associated with exposure to easily diagnosed factors on colony mortality and morbidity in three migratory beekeeping operations. Fifty-six percent of all colonies monitored during the 10-month period died. The relative risk (RR) that a colony would die over the short term (∼50 days) was appreciably increased in colonies diagnosed with Idiopathic Brood Disease Syndrome (IBDS), a condition where brood of different ages appear molten on the bottom of cells (RR=3.2), or with a “queen event” (e.g., evidence of queen replacement or failure; RR=3.1). We also found that several risk factors—including the incidence of a poor brood pattern, chalkbood (CB), deformed wing virus (DWV), sacbrood virus (SBV), and exceeding the threshold of 5 Varroa mites per 100 bees—were differentially expressed in different beekeeping operations. Further, we found that a diagnosis of several factors were significantly more or less likely to be associated with a simultaneous diagnosis of another risk factor. These finding support the growing consensus that the causes of colony mortality are multiple and interrelated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

المؤلفون: Soehnlen, Marty K.¹, Aydin, Adnan², Lengerich, Eugene J.³, Houser, Beth A.¹, Fenton, Ginger D.¹, Lysczek, Hannah R.¹, Burns, Carolyn M.¹, Byler, Louise I.¹, Hattel, Arthur L.⁴, Wolfgang, David R.¹, Jayarao, Bhushan M.^1,4 bmj3@psu.edu

المصدر: Vaccine. Jul2011, Vol. 29 Issue 33, p5347-5354. 8p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *BACTERIAL vaccines, *MYCOPLASMA, *CALVES, *CATTLE diseases, *ANIMAL vaccination, *ETIOLOGY of diseases, *RESPIRATORY infections, *IMMUNOGLOBULINS, *ARTHRITIS

مستخلص: Abstract: Mycoplasma bovis is an etiologic agent of pneumonia, arthritis, and otitis in young calves, such as those found in the special-fed veal industry. We conducted a blinded, controlled trial of two commercially available M. bovis bacterin vaccines for the prevention of respiratory disease in calves associated with M. bovis infection. Calves were randomly assigned to a subcutaneous treatment of vaccine A (n =50), adjuvant A (n =50), vaccine B (n =50), or 0.9% sterile saline solution (n =50) beginning at 27 days of age. Upper-respiratory tract colonization was not impacted by vaccination status. Vaccine A significantly reduced the presence of lung lesions (p =0.0325), however there was no significant reduction of M. bovis in lung lesions. Vaccine B did not significantly reduce total lung lesions or M. bovis-specific lung lesions. The relative risk was determined to be 0.56, 1.0, and 1.36 for vaccine A, adjuvant A, and vaccine B, respectively. There was no association between the total specific antibody isotype (IgM, IgG1, IgG2, IgA) concentrations or M. bovis antibodies and the M. bovis-associated morbidity in the veal calves. Under the field conditions of this study, observed vaccine efficacy for vaccine A and vaccine B was 44% and less than 1%, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

المؤلفون: Baltic, Ryan D.¹, Weier, Rory C.¹, Katz, Mira L.¹, Kennedy, Stephenie K.², Lengerich, Eugene J.³, Lesko, Samuel M.⁴, Reese, David⁵, Roberto, Karen A.⁶, Schoenberg, Nancy E.⁷, Young, Gregory S.¹, Dignan, Mark B.⁸, Paskett, Electra D.¹ Electra.Paskett@osumc.edu

المصدر: Contemporary Clinical Trials. Sep2015, Vol. 44, p1-10. 10p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *FOOD habits, *PHYSICAL activity, *CANCER risk factors, *OVERWEIGHT persons, *CLINICAL trials, DISEASES in adults

مستخلص: Background Increased prevalence of overweight and obesity among Appalachian residents may contribute to increased cancer rates in this region. This manuscript describes the design, components, and participant baseline characteristics of a faith-based study to decrease overweight and obesity among Appalachian residents. Methods A group randomized study design was used to assign 13 churches to an intervention to reduce overweight and obesity (Walk by Faith) and 15 churches to a cancer screening intervention (Ribbons of Faith). Church members with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 were recruited from these churches in Appalachian counties in five states to participate in the study. A standard protocol was used to measure participant characteristics at baseline. The same protocol will be followed to obtain measurements after completion of the active intervention phase (12 months) and the sustainability phase (24 months). Primary outcome is change in BMI from baseline to 12 months. Secondary outcomes include changes in blood pressure, waist-to-hip ratio, and fruit and vegetable consumption, as well as intervention sustainability. Results Church members (n = 664) from 28 churches enrolled in the study. At baseline 64.3% of the participants were obese (BMI ≥ 30), less than half (41.6%) reported regular exercise, and 85.5% reported consuming less than 5 servings of fruits and vegetables per day. Conclusions Church members recruited to participate in a faith-based study across the Appalachian region reported high rates of unhealthy behaviors. We have demonstrated the feasibility of developing and recruiting participants to a faith-based intervention aimed at improving diet and increasing exercise among underserved populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Wenrich, Tionni R.¹ (AUTHOR), Brown, J. Lynne¹ (AUTHOR) f9a@psu.edu, Wilson, Robin Taylor^2,3 (AUTHOR), Lengerich, Eugene J.^2,3 (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior. Jan/Feb2012, Vol. 44 Issue 1, p36-45. 10p. 1 Diagram, 2 Charts, 1 Graph.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *HEALTH promotion, *CHI-squared test, *CLINICAL trials, *COMMUNITY health services, *CONCEPTUAL structures, *DIET, *FISHER exact test, *HEALTH behavior, *INTENTION, *NUTRITIONAL assessment, *HEALTH outcome assessment, *QUESTIONNAIRES, *RESEARCH funding, *STATISTICAL sampling, *STATISTICAL hypothesis testing, *T-test (Statistics), *VEGETABLES, *SOCIAL learning theory, *TREATMENT effectiveness, *FOOD diaries, *DATA analysis software, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH evaluation, RECIPES (Cooking)

مصطلحات جغرافية: PENNSYLVANIA, APPALACHIAN Region

مستخلص: Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based intervention promoting the serving and eating of deep-orange, cruciferous, and dark-green leafy vegetables. Design: Randomized, parallel-group, community-based intervention with a baseline/postintervention/ 3-month follow-up design. Setting and Participants: Low-income food preparers (n = 50) and their partners (n = 50) in rural Appalachia Pennsylvania. Intervention: Experimental food preparers attended 8 weekly interactive lessons; control food preparers received 8 weekly mailings that included similar recipes and handouts. Main Outcome Measures: Target vegetable intake and frequency of serving by experimental and control treatment groups and by high and low meal diary scores, a measure of recipe acceptability. Analysis: Linear mixed-model analysis with repeated measures. Results: No significant differences resulted between the original experimental and control treatment groups. When grouped by high and low meal diary scores, more experimental families had high scores than in controls. High scores were associated with significant changes in frequency of serving and intake of the target vegetables. Conclusions and Implications: Meal diary use may foster food preparer negotiation with partners and children to become involved in vegetable dish evaluation. Tools to help the trained food preparer draw family members into recipe evaluation, such as the meal diary, are useful and needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Wenrich, Tionni R.¹ trk122@psu.edu, Brown, J. Lynne¹, Miller-Day, Michelle², Kelley, Kevin J.³, Lengerich, Eugene J.^4,5

المصدر: Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior. Jul/Aug2010, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p225-234. 10p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *FOOD preferences, *VEGETABLES, *FAMILIES, *FOCUS groups, *SOCIAL exchange, *SOCIAL norms, *THEMATIC analysis, *CHI-squared test, *APPALACHIANS (People)

مصطلحات جغرافية: PENNSYLVANIA

مستخلص: Objective Characterize the process of family vegetable selection (especially cruciferous, deep orange, and dark green leafy vegetables); demonstrate the usefulness of Exchange Theory (how family norms and experiences interact with rewards and costs) for interpreting the data. Design Eight focus groups, 2 with each segment (men/women vegetable likers/dislikers based on a screening form). Participants completed a vegetable intake form. Setting Rural Appalachian Pennsylvania. Participants Sixty-one low-income, married/cohabiting men (n = 28) and women (n = 33). Analysis Thematic analysis within Exchange Theory framework for qualitative data. Descriptive analysis, t tests and chi-square tests for quantitative data. Results Exchange Theory proved useful for understanding that regardless of sex or vegetable liker/disliker status, meal preparers see more costs than rewards to serving vegetables. Experience plus expectations of food preparer role and of deference to family member preferences supported a family norm of serving only vegetables acceptable to everyone. Emphasized vegetables are largely ignored because of unfamiliarity; family norms prevented experimentation and learning through exposure. Conclusions and Implications Interventions to increase vegetable consumption of this audience could (1) alter family norms about vegetables served, (2) change perceptions of experiences, (3) reduce social and personal costs of serving vegetables, and (4) increase tangible and social rewards of serving vegetables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Katz, Mira L.¹ mira.katz@osumc.edu, Reiter, Paul L.¹, Kluhsman, Brenda C.², Kennedy, Stephenie³, Dwyer, Sharon⁴, Schoenberg, Nancy⁵, Johnson, Andy⁵, Ely, Gretchen⁶, Roberto, Karen A.⁴, Lengerich, Eugene J.², Brown, Pamela³, Paskett, Electra D.¹, Dignan, Mark⁵

المصدر: Vaccine. May2009, Vol. 27 Issue 24, p3195-3200. 6p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *HUMAN papillomavirus vaccines, *COST effectiveness, *HEALTH policy, *MEDICAL care, *MEDICAL education, *MEDICAL telematics

مصطلحات جغرافية: APPALACHIAN Mountains

مستخلص: Abstract: Telephone interviews of health department personnel in six states and review of an immunization database from one state were conducted to assess human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine availability, recommendations, cost, policies, and educational materials in health departments in seven Appalachian states. Most (99.1%) health departments (n =234) reported receiving patient requests for the HPV vaccine, and only two (1%) health departments reported that they did not provide the vaccine for patients. HPV vaccine supply was reported to not meet the demand in 10.5% (24/228) of health departments due to high costs. Level (state, region, county) at which policy about the HPV vaccine was determined, vaccine recommendations, costs, and available educational materials varied among states. This study documented variation in vaccine availability, recommendations, cost, policies, and educational materials in Appalachian health departments that could significantly affect vaccine distribution. Findings highlight the need for more comprehensive and consistent policies that maximize accessibility of the HPV vaccine to women, especially those in underserved areas. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]