المؤلفون: Ribeiro, Reitan¹ (AUTHOR) reitanribeiro@hotmail.com, Anselmi, Maria Cristina² (AUTHOR), Schneider, Gunther Alex³ (AUTHOR), Rodrigues Furtado, José Pio⁴ (AUTHOR), Mohamed Abau Shwareb, Mohamed Gaber³ (AUTHOR), Linhares, José Clemente¹ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Fertility & Sterility. Jul2023, Vol. 120 Issue 1, p188-193. 6p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PREMATURE labor, *CHILDBIRTH, *CESAREAN section, *CANCER hospitals, *APGAR score, *LIPOSARCOMA

الملخص (بالإنجليزية): To our knowledge, to report the first case of live birth of a child after uterine transposition (UT), pelvic radiotherapy, and subsequent uterine repositioning. Case report. Tertiary referral cancer hospital. A 28-year-old nulligravid woman with left iliac and thoracic synchronous myxoid low-grade liposarcoma, which was resected with close margins. The patient underwent UT before undergoing pelvic (60 Gy) and thoracic (60 Gy) radiation on October 25, 2018. After radiotherapy, her uterus was reimplanted in the pelvis on February 20, 2019. The patient became pregnant in June 2021 and experienced an uneventful pregnancy until 36 weeks, when the patient started preterm labor and had a cesarean section delivery on January 26, 2022. A boy was delivered after a gestation period of 36 weeks and 2 days (2686 g and 46.5 cm), with Apgar scores of 5 and 9, respectively; both mother and child were discharged the following day. After 1 year of follow-ups, the infant maintained normal development and the patient showed no signs of recurrence. To our knowledge, this case of the first live birth after UT is a proof-of-concept for the viability of UT as a procedure to prevent infertility in patients requiring pelvic radiotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract (Spanish): Primer nacido vivo tras transposición uterina Hasta donde sabemos, reportar el primer caso de nacido vivo de un niño tras transposición uterina (UT), radioterapia pélvica y posterior reposicionamiento uterino. Caso de estudio. Hospital oncológico terciario de referencia. Mujer de 28 años nuligesta, con liposarcoma mixoide de bajo grado sincrónico torácico e ilíaco izquierdo, que fue extirpado con márgenes estrechos. La paciente fue sometida a UT antes de recibir radioterapia pélvica (60Gy) y torácica (60Gy) el 25 de octubre de 2018. Tras la radioterapia, su útero fue reimplantado en la pelvis el 20 de febrero de 2019. La paciente resultó embarazada en junio de 2021 y experimentó una gestación sin incidentes hasta las 36 semanas, cuando la paciente inició trabajo de parto prematuro y tuvo un parto por cesárea el 26 de enero de 2022. Un niño nació tras de un período de gestación de 36 semanas y 2 días (2686 g y 46,5 cm), con puntuaciones de Apgar de 5 y 9, respectivamente; tanto la madre como el niño fueron dados de alta al día siguiente. Después de 1 año de seguimiento, el bebé mantuvo un desarrollo normal y la paciente no mostró signos de recurrencia. Para nuestro conocimiento. Este primer caso de recién nacido vivo tras UT es una prueba de concepto para la viabilidad del UTcomo procedimiento para prevenir la infertilidad en pacientes que requieran radioterapia pélvica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Kramer, Boris W., Abman, Steven, Daly, Mandy, Jobe, Alan H., Niklas, Victoria

المصدر: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews; Dec2023, Vol. 48, p24-29, 6p

مصطلحات موضوعية: LUNG development, PREMATURE labor, SOMATOMEDIN C, CHILDBIRTH, PREMATURE infants, MECONIUM aspiration syndrome, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases

مستخلص: The past decades have seen markedly improved survival of increasingly immature preterm infants, yet major health complications persist. This is particularly true for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the chronic lung disease of prematurity, which has become the most common sequelae of prematurity and a significant predictor of respiratory morbidity throughout childhood as well as adult life, neurodevelopmental disability, cardiovascular disease, and even death. The need for novel approaches to reduce BPD and related complications of prematurity has never been more critical. Thus, despite major advances in the use of antenatal steroids, surfactant therapy, and improvements in respiratory support, there is a persistent need for developing therapeutic strategies that more specifically reflect our growing understanding of BPD in the post-surfactant age, or the "new BPD." In contrast with the severe lung injury leading to marked fibroproliferative disease from the past, the "new BPD" is primarily characterized by an arrest of lung development as related to more extreme prematurity. This distinction and the continued high incidence of BPD and related sequelae suggest the need to identify therapies that target critical mechanisms that support lung growth and maturation in conjunction with treatments to improve respiratory outcomes across the lifespan. As the prevention of BPD and its severity remains a primary goal, we highlight the concept from preclinical and early clinical observations that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) can potentially support the natural sequence of lung growth as a replacement therapy after preterm birth. Data supporting this hypothesis are robust and include observations that low IGF-1 levels persist after extremely preterm birth in human infants and strong preclinical data from experimental models of BPD highlight the therapeutic benefit of IGF-1 in reducing disease. Importantly, phase 2a clinical data in extremely premature infants where replacement of IGF-1 with a human recombinant human IGF-1 complexed with its main IGF-1 binding protein 3, significantly reduced the most severe form of BPD, which is strongly associated with multiple morbidities that have lifelong consequences. As physiologic replacement therapy of surfactant heralded the success of reducing acute respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants, the paradigm has the potential to become the platform for discovering the next generation of therapies like IGF-1, which becomes deficient after extremely premature birth where endogenous production by the infant is not sufficient to maintain the physiologic levels adequate to support normal organ development and maturation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Prairie, Elizabeth^1,2 (AUTHOR), Côté, France^1,2 (AUTHOR), Tsakpinoglou, Marika² (AUTHOR), Mina, Michael² (AUTHOR), Quiniou, Christiane¹ (AUTHOR) cquiniou@gmail.com, Leimert, Kelycia³ (AUTHOR), Olson, David³ (AUTHOR), Chemtob, Sylvain^1,2 (AUTHOR) sylvain.chemtob@umontreal.ca

المصدر: Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews. Jun2021, Vol. 59, p118-130. 13p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PREMATURE labor, *INTERLEUKIN-6, *CHILDBIRTH, *INFLAMMATORY mediators, *FETAL tissues, *PUBLIC health, *MATERNALLY acquired immunity

مستخلص: [Display omitted] • Il-6 enables the production of sustained and sufficient inflammation during preterm birth. • IL-6 and initiates an immune response mediated by neutrophil, macrophages and lymphocytes cells during preterm birth. • Recruitment and activation of immune cells by IL-6 secretion can be observed both at the fetal and maternal level, creating a hostile environment. • This review addresses the importance and development of new therapies to alleviate this urgent and unmet medical need. Preterm birth (PTB) and its consequences are a major public health concern as preterm delivery is the main cause of mortality and morbidity at birth. There are many causes of PTB, but inflammation is undeniably associated with the process of premature childbirth and fetal injury. At present, treatments clinically available mostly involve attempt to arrest contractions (tocolytics) but do not directly address upstream maternal inflammation on development of the fetus. One of the possible solutions may lie in the modulation of inflammatory mediators. Of the many pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in the induction of PTB, IL-6 stands out for its pleiotropic effects and its involvement in both acute and chronic inflammation. Here, we provide a detailed review of the effects of IL-6 on the timing of childbirth, its occurrence during PTB and its indissociable roles with associated fetal tissue damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Kennedy, Eilis¹ (AUTHOR) ekennedy@tavi-port.nhs.uk, O'Nions, Elizabeth¹ (AUTHOR), Wolke, Dieter² (AUTHOR), Johnson, Samantha³ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. Sep2021, Vol. 60 Issue 9, p1066-1068. 3p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PREMATURE labor, *ADOLESCENT psychiatry, *CHILDBIRTH, *CHILD psychiatry, *HIGH-income countries, *RESEARCH, *PREMATURE infants, *RESEARCH methodology, *GESTATIONAL age, *MEDICAL cooperation, *EVALUATION research, *COMPARATIVE studies

مستخلص: Obstetric factors have long been recognized as risk factors for the later development of poor mental health. One of the most consistently reported of these associations is for preterm birth (birth before 37 weeks' gestation), a form of early adversity that impacts health and development across the life course. Preterm birth is not uncommon: in 2014, 10.6% of live births globally (nearly 15 million babies) were preterm.1 Advances in neonatal care since the early 1990s have dramatically increased the numbers of babies who survive extreme preterm birth (birth at <28 weeks' gestation) in high-income countries. This has led to growing interest in how extreme preterm birth impacts longer term outcomes including psychosocial development across the life span. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Yuan, Xiaosong¹ (AUTHOR), Gao, Yanfang² (AUTHOR) gyfg05@sina.com, Zhang, Ming² (AUTHOR), Long, Wei¹ (AUTHOR), Liu, Jianbing¹ (AUTHOR), Wang, Huiyan³ (AUTHOR), Yu, Bin¹ (AUTHOR) binyu@njmu.edu.cn, Xu, Jun¹ (AUTHOR) yyxujun@qq.com

المصدر: Clinica Chimica Acta. Feb2020, Vol. 501, p258-263. 6p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *FETAL macrosomia, *PREMATURE labor, *FIBRIN fragment D, *PREGNANCY, *LOW birth weight, *CHILDBIRTH

مستخلص: • Plasma D-dimer levels in late pregnancy were positively associated with fetal growth indicators. • Increase in D-dimer quartiles were associated with an decreased risk for SGA, LBW and PTB infants. • Increase in D-dimer quartiles were associated with an increased risk for large for LGA and macrosomia infants. • D-dimer test in this study had risk evaluation value for obstetric outcomes. To investigate the association of D-dimer level during late pregnancy with birth outcomes in a Chinese population. A retrospective observational cohort study of 11,570 pregnant women who delivered in a single central hospital was conducted. Maternal plasma D-dimer levels at hospital admission and pregnancy outcomes were abstracted and analyzed from laboratory information system and hospital records, respectively. Maternal plasma D-dimer levels were associated with higher fetal growth indicators for the highest vs. lowest quartile (Q) of D-dimer (mean birth weight: 145.79 g, mean birth length: 0.11 cm, mean gestational age: 0.30 week). Increase in D-dimer quartiles were associated with an decreased risk for small for gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB) neonates, and with an increased risk for large for gestational age (LGA), and macrosomia infants (SGA: OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.64; LBW: OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.86; PTB: OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.55; LGA: OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 2.01, 2.78; macrosomia: OR = 2.59, 95% CI, 2.06, 3.24; for Q4 vs. Q1). Maternal plasma D-dimer levels during late pregnancy were associated with birth outcomes and had risk evaluation value for these outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Pradhan, Jasmin^1,2 (AUTHOR) 518ls1008@nitrkl.ac.in, Mallick, Swarupa^1,2 (AUTHOR) 517ls6006@nitrkl.ac.in, Mishra, Neha² (AUTHOR) 516ls1001@nitrkl.ac.in, Tiwari, Aman¹ (AUTHOR), Negi, Vidya Devi¹ (AUTHOR) vidya@iisermohali.ac.in

المصدر: BBA: Molecular Basis of Disease. Oct2023, Vol. 1869 Issue 7, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PREMATURE labor, *COXIELLA burnetii, *PREGNANT women, *PREGNANCY, *EPIGENETICS, *FETAL development, *CHILDBIRTH, *MISCARRIAGE

مستخلص: A unique immunological condition, pregnancy ensures fetus from maternal rejection, allows adequate fetal development, and protects against microorganisms. Infections during pregnancy may lead to devastating consequences for pregnant women and fetuses, resulting in the mother's death, miscarriage, premature childbirth, or neonate with congenital infection and severe diseases and defects. Epigenetic (heritable changes in gene expression) mechanisms like DNA methylation, chromatin modification, and gene expression modulation during gestation are linked with the number of defects in the fetus and adolescents. The feto-maternal crosstalk for fetal survival during the entire gestational stages are tightly regulated by various cellular pathways, including epigenetic mechanisms that respond to both internal as well outer environmental factors, which can influence the fetal development across the gestational stages. Due to the intense physiological, endocrinological, and immunological changes, pregnant women are more susceptible to bacterial, viral, parasitic, and fungal infections than the general population. Microbial infections with viruses (LCMV, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) and bacteria (Clostridium perfringens , Coxiella burnetii , Listeria monocytogenes , Salmonella enteritidis) further increase the risk to maternal and fetal life and developmental outcome. If the infections remain untreated, the possibility of maternal and fetal death exists. This article focused on the severity and susceptibility to infections caused by Salmonella , Listeria , LCMV, and SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy and their impact on maternal health and the fetus. How epigenetic regulation during pregnancy plays a vital role in deciding the fetus's developmental outcome under various conditions, including infection and other stress. A better understanding of the host-pathogen interaction, the characterization of the maternal immune system, and the epigenetic regulations during pregnancy may help protect the mother and fetus from infection-mediated outcomes. • Pregnancy, a biological condition where the mother body protects its semi allogenic fetus from rejection • Pregnant women are more susceptible to various infections, due to hormonal and immunological changes • The immune system is tightly regulated during pregnancy • Epigenetic regulation plays an essential role in pregnancy during normal and infection condition [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Chen, Feng-Tzu¹ (AUTHOR), Feng, Sheng-Hsien² (AUTHOR), Nien, Jui-Ti³ (AUTHOR), Cheng, Yi-Ting³ (AUTHOR), Chen, Ying-Chu³ (AUTHOR), Chang, Yu-Kai^1,3,4,5 (AUTHOR) yukaichangnew@gmail.com

المصدر: Early Human Development. Aug2023, Vol. 183, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PREMATURE labor, *CHILDBIRTH, *EXECUTIVE function, *AEROBIC exercises, *RESPONSE inhibition, *CONTROL (Psychology), *EXERCISE intensity, *COGNITIVE ability

مستخلص: Acute exercise appears to promote executive function (EF) in children. However, the effect of acute exercise on EF in children with preterm birth (PB) remains unclear. To investigate whether acute moderate-intensity exercise improves EF in children with PB. Twenty child participants with PB (age = 10.95 ± 1.19 years, birth age = 31.71 ± 3.64 weeks) completed exercise and control sessions in a randomized crossover design. In the exercise session, participants completed a 30-minute period of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise. In the control session, participants watched a video for appropriately 30 min. Following each session immediately, inhibitory control, an aspect of EF, was assessed with the Numerical Stroop task. Response time (RT) for the Stroop's incongruent condition was shorter after the exercise session than after the control session. However, no differences were observed in RT for the congruent condition. Accuracy rate (ACC) in both congruent and incongruent conditions did not differ between exercise and control session. The findings support the beneficial effect of acute exercise on executive function (EF) in children with PB, particularly in terms of improving inhibitory control. • The study is the first to investigate whether acute moderate-intensity exercise improves executive function in children with preterm birth. • Impairments to inhibitory control, an aspect of executive function, have been documented in children with preterm birth. • The findings support a beneficial effect of acute exercise on inhibitory control in children with preterm birth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Sun, Shengzhi¹ (AUTHOR) Shengzhi_Sun@Brown.edu, Weinberger, Kate R.¹ (AUTHOR), Spangler, Keith R.¹ (AUTHOR), Eliot, Melissa N.¹ (AUTHOR), Braun, Joseph M.¹ (AUTHOR), Wellenius, Gregory A.¹ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Environment International. May2019, Vol. 126, p7-13. 7p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PREMATURE labor, *COLD (Temperature), *CHILDBIRTH, *PREGNANT women, *COMMON cold, *CHORIOAMNIONITIS, *THERMAL tolerance (Physiology)

مصطلحات جغرافية: UNITED States

مستخلص: Abstract Background Days of extreme temperature may be associated with transiently higher risk of preterm birth, but prior studies have been limited and results have been heterogeneous. Objectives To evaluate the association between days of extreme heat and cold and risk of preterm birth among ~32 million live singleton births between 1989 and 2002 across 403 counties in the contiguous United States (US). Methods We used a distributed lag nonlinear model to estimate the association between population-weighted daily mean temperature and risk of preterm birth in each county and then pooled results across geographic regions and climate zones. We defined extreme heat and cold as the 95th and 5th percentile of the county-specific temperatures, respectively. Results Preterm birth accounted for 9.3% of deliveries. There was a monotonic association between ambient temperature and risk of preterm birth. Days of extreme heat and cold were associated with a relative risk of preterm birth of 1.025 (95% CI: 1.015, 1.036) and 0.985 (95% CI: 0.976, 0.993) over the subsequent four days, respectively, relative to the county-specific median temperature. If causal, the fraction of preterm births attributable to extreme heat was 0.17% (empirical 95% CI: 0.14%, 0.19%), corresponding to 154 (empirical 95% CI: 127, 173) preterm births per million births. Extreme heat was more strongly associated with preterm birth in regions with colder and drier climates, and among younger women. Days of extreme cold temperature were associated with lower rather than higher risk of preterm birth. Conclusions Days of extreme heat, but not extreme cold, are associated with higher risk of preterm birth in the contiguous US. If causal, these results may have important implications for the management of pregnant women during forecasted periods of extreme heat. Highlights • We examined the association between extreme temperature and PTB in the contiguous US. • Days of extreme heat were associated with higher risk of preterm birth. • The association was stronger in regions with typically colder and drier climates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Williams, Corrine M.¹ corrine.williams@uky.edu, Asaolu, Ibitola¹, Chavan, Niraj R.¹, Williamson, Lucy H.¹, Lewis, Alysha M.¹, Beaven, Lauren¹, Ashford, Kristin B.¹

المصدر: European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology & Reproductive Biology. Oct2018, Vol. 229, p88-93. 6p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *CESAREAN section, *PREMATURE labor, *PREGNANCY, *CHILDBIRTH, *BODY mass index, *PREMATURE infants, *RETROSPECTIVE studies

مصطلحات جغرافية: UNITED States

مستخلص: Objective: To examine the relationship between previous cesarean delivery and subsequent preterm birth in the second pregnancy among women in the United States with registered birth records.Study Design: We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing United States birth certificate data to generate the study population, which consisted of women delivering a singleton infant in their second live birth (n = 1,076,517) in the year 2016. Preterm birth and previous cesarean delivery measures were derived from United States birth certificates. Covariates included maternal age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, payer source for delivery, pre-pregnancy body mass index, previous preterm birth, interpregnancy interval, and factors in the second pregnancy such as hypertensive disorders, diabetes, and cigarette use, trimester prenatal care began, weight gain during pregnancy, and presence of congenital anomalies. Women who experienced a cesarean delivery in the first pregnancy were compared to those who did not.Results: When controlling for all covariates, women who had a cesarean delivery in their first pregnancy were 14% more likely to have a preterm birth in their second pregnancy (OR = 1.137, 95% CI = 1.117-1.158) compared to women who had not previously experienced a cesarean delivery. When risk was analyzed by sub categories of preterm birth based on gestational age, a differential association was noted, with a 10% increased risk of delivering before 34 weeks, a 1% increased risk for delivery between 34-36 weeks and no increased risk for delivery after 36 weeks compared to delivery at 39-40 weeks.Conclusion: This small, but statistically significant association between previous cesarean section and subsequent preterm birth suggests that efforts to reduce the number of index cesarean sections may contribute to reducing the overall preterm birth rate in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Mascarenhas, Mariano¹, Sunkara, Sesh Kamal², Antonisamy, Belavendra³, Kamath, Mohan S.⁴ dockamz@gmail.com

المصدر: European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology & Reproductive Biology. Nov2017, p60-67. 8p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PREMATURE labor, *LOW birth weight, *OVUM donation, *CELLS, *CHILDBIRTH, *OBSTETRICS, *REPRODUCTION, *FERTILIZATION in vitro, *PREMATURE infants, *EVALUATION of medical care, *META-analysis, *PREGNANCY, *SYSTEMATIC reviews

مستخلص: Objectives: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the known literature to assess whether the perinatal outcomes are different after oocyte donation (OD) compared to autologous oocyte (AO) in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies.Study Design: A systematic literature search was done for studies published in English from 1980 to 2016. Studies comparing perinatal outcomes of pregnancies following fresh or frozen OD and AO IVF were included. Meta-analysis was performed using the Rev Man 5.3 software (Cochrane Collaboration) for the perinatal outcomes of PTB (<37 weeks), early PTB (<32 weeks), LBW (<2500g), very LBW (<1500g), and SGA (<10th centile). Six studies provided data on PTB, three studies on early PTB, five studies on LBW, four studies on very LBW and three studies on SGA after fresh embryo transfer. Two studies provided data on PTB, early PTB, LBW and very LBW after frozen embryo transfer.Results: There is an increased risk of PTB following fresh embryo transfer in OD pregnancies than in AO IVF pregnancies (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.20-1.77). If the PTB risk is assumed to be to 9% for pregnancies following AO IVF, then OD pregnancies will have a PTB risk between 10.8% and 15.9%. Similarly, the risk of LBW is higher after fresh embryo transfer in OD pregnancies than AO IVF pregnancies (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.12-1.60). If the assumed LBW risk is 9% for AO IVF pregnancies, then OD pregnancies have a LBW risk between 10.1% and 14.4%. There is an increased risk of early PTB (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.40-3.25) and very LBW (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.17-1.95) in a fresh embryo transfer after OD as compared to AO IVF pregnancies.Conclusions: There appears to be a higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes following fresh OD compared to AO IVF pregnancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]