المؤلفون: Wade, Levi, Smith, Jordan J., Duncan, Mitch J., Lubans, David R.

المساهمون: The University of Newcastle. Faculty of Education & Arts, School of Education

مصطلحات موضوعية: youth, mental health, externalizing, behaviour, fitness, resistance training

الوصف: Objective: The present study examined the effect of a school-based multicomponent physical activity intervention on aggression in adolescent males from low-income areas, and explored potential mediators of change in aggression. Methods: Participants were adolescent males (N = 361; 12.7 ± 0.5 years) enrolled in the ‘Active Teen Leaders Avoiding Screen-time’ cluster RCT. Self-report measures for aggression, perceived strength and recreational screen-time were collected at baseline and 8-months. The effect of the intervention on aggression was tested using multi-level linear regression and potential mediators (i.e., screen-time and perceived strength) were explored using a product-of-coefficients test. Results: There was no significant intervention effects for aggression (C [SE] = -0.038 [0.044], p = .384) or perceived strength (A [SE] = -0.0 [0.0], p = .884). However, a statistically significant effect was found for screen-time (A [SE] = -0.160 [0.04], p= <0.01). Changes in screen-time significantly mediated changes in aggression at post-test (AB [SE] = -0.021 [0.009], 95% CI = -0.042 to -0.005). Conclusion: Limiting recreational screen-time may help to reduce aggression in adolescent boys. Interventions targeting adolescents' recreational screen-time should examine their ‘flow-on’ effects on externalising behaviours in adolescent populations.

العلاقة: ARC.FT140100399 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT140100399Test; Mental Health and Physical Activity Vol. 14, Issue March 2018, p. 39-46; http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1466369Test; uon:47514

الإتاحة: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1466369Test

المؤلفون: Murawski, Beatrice, Wade, Levi, Plotnikoff, Ronald C., Lubans, David R., Duncan, Mitch J.

المساهمون: The University of Newcastle. Faculty of Health & Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health

مصطلحات موضوعية: sleep health, sleep quality, adults, behaviour change, meta-analysis

الوصف: Many adults without a diagnosed sleep disorder report poor sleep health, which is defined by dissatisfactory levels of sleep duration, sleep quality, or the timing of sleep. No previous review has summarized and described interventions targeting poor sleep health in this population. This meta-analysis aimed to quantify the efficacy of behavioral and cognitive sleep interventions in adults with poor sleep health, who do not have a sleep disorder. Electronic databases (Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Cinahl) were searched with restrictions for age (18–64 y) and English language full-text, resulting in 18,009 records being screened and 592 full-texts being assessed. Eleven studies met inclusion criteria, seven of which reported a measure of overall sleep health (Pittsburgh sleep quality index [PSQI]). Following appraisal for risk of bias, extracted data were meta-analyzed using random-effects models. Meta-analyses showed interventions had a medium effect on sleep quality (Hedge's g = −0.54, [95% confidence interval (CI)] −0.90 to −0.19, p < 0.01). Baseline sleep health was the only significant effect moderator (p = 0.01). The most frequently used intervention components were stress management and relaxation practice, stimulus control, sleep hygiene, and exercise. Interventions targeting cognitive and behavioral self-regulation improve sleep quality in adults without clinical sleep disorder.

العلاقة: Funding BodyARCGrant NumberFT140100399 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT140100399Test; Sleep Medicine Reviews Vol. 40, Issue August, p. 160-169; http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1390241Test; uon:33018

الإتاحة: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1390241Test

المؤلفون: Wade, Levi, Lubans, David R., Smith, Jordan J., Duncan, Mitch J.

المساهمون: The University of Newcastle. Faculty of Education & Arts, School of Education

مصطلحات موضوعية: cognition, nature, exercise, adolescent, stress, affect

الوصف: Exercise in natural environments can improve cognition, positive affect, and reduce psychological stress. However, it remains unclear whether these benefits are subject to a gradient effect, whereby more natural features confer greater cognitive and psychological benefits. This study examined the influence of the exercise environment (i.e., the degree of nature) on cognition, and psychological outcomes in a sample of adolescents (n = 90; mean age = 14.3 ±.05 years). Four groups were randomised to one of the following experimental conditions: a non-exercise indoor control, indoor exercise, park exercise, and exercise in a nature reserve. Participants' self-reported their stress, affect, and vitality and completed two measures of cognition ('Rapid Visual Information Processing' and 'Spatial Working Memory') immediately before and ~6 min after exercise. All exercise conditions participated in a group-based circuit lasting ~20 min, which included a mixture of aerobic and body-weight resistance activities. Linear mixed models were used to examine changes within and between groups. The indoor group increased sustained attention accuracy compared to the park group. There were no between-group differences in working memory. The indoor and nature groups increased cognitive arousal compared to control. The park group improved in state-level vitality compared to control. The mixed-results of this research do not support our 'nature gradient' hypothesis, whereby cognitive and psychological outcomes would improve in accordance with the degree of nature present in the exercise environment.

العلاقة: Psychology of Sport and Exercise Vol. 49, Issue July 2020, no. 101707; http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1428672Test; uon:38647

الإتاحة: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1428672Test