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1دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Shengwen Shang, Yongjie Zhao, Kaiqiang Qian, Yuexuan Qin, Xinyi Zhang, Tianyue Li, Lidong Shan, Meili Wei, Jun Xi, Bikui Tang
المصدر: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Vol 151, Iss , Pp 113118- (2022)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Neoantigen, Prediction and identification, CAR-T therapy, PD-1/PD-L1 blocking therapy, Neoantigen vaccine, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
الوصف: Tumor neoantigens are aberrant polypeptides produced by tumor cells as a result of genomic mutations. They are also tumor-specific antigens (TSA). Neoantigens are more immunogenic than tumor-related antigens and do not induce autoimmunity. Based on the rapid development of bioinformatics and the continuous update of sequencing technology, cancer immunotherapy with tumor neoantigens has made promising breakthroughs and progress. In this review, the generation, prediction, and identification of novel antigens, as well as the individualized treatments of neoantigens, were first introduced. Secondly, the mechanism of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Immunotherapy (CAR-T) therapy and immune checkpoint blockade therapy in the treatment of tumors were outlined, and the three treatment methods were compared. Thirdly, the application of neoantigens in CAR-T therapy and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy was briefly described. The benefits of the neoantigen vaccines over common vaccines were summarized as well. Finally, the prospect of neoantigen therapy was presented.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332222005078Test; https://doaj.org/toc/0753-3322Test
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2دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Yixuan Huang, Mengyao Li, Tianyue Liang, Yingze Zhou, Peiyuan Guan, Lu Zhou, Long Hu, Tao Wan, Dewei Chu
المصدر: Carbon Trends, Vol 15, Iss , Pp 100363- (2024)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Structural optimization, Electrocatalytic hydrogen production, Carbon-based composites, Water splitting catalysts, Chemistry, QD1-999
الوصف: The energy demand has increased significantly in recent years and it is urgent to develop a renewable energy system that is highly efficient and non-noble metal-based. Hydrogen energy is an environmentally friendly energy source with abundant resources, which can be used to solve the problem of high energy demand without greenhouse gas emissions. However, the development of catalysts for hydrogen production technology by electrolysis of water is slow, mainly due to the complexity of the electrolysis hydrogen generation process, low hydrogen production efficiency, weak electrode material activity and high cost. Among the non-noble metal-based catalysts, carbon-based materials have high conductivity, tunable chemical bonding, and easily modified morphology, making them beneficial to achieving efficient hydrogen production, though pure carbon composites suffer from few surface-active sites and unmoderated hydrogen bonding energy, which need to be further optimized. The principle of electrocatalytic hydrogen production from the perspectives of reaction thermodynamics and kinetics is analyzed and discussed in this paper. Thermodynamics of electrocatalytic hydrogen production is reflected by the Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorption (ΔGH*) and electrode potential (E). Reaction kinetics of the electrocatalytic hydrogen production process are reflected by overpotential, Tafel slope and exchange current density. Structural optimization methods of carbon-based composite materials and hydrogen production performance after structural optimization are also summarized. Structural optimization methods of carbon-based composite materials mainly include introducing active sites, improving conductivity, increasing specific surface area and introducing self-supporting materials. Finally, prospects are proposed for the development direction and existing problems of electrocatalytic hydrogen production performance of carbon-based composites.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667056924000440Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2667-0569Test
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