المؤلفون: Joel H. Vazquez, Stephanie D. Byrum, Hartmut Jaeschke, D. Keith Williams, Samuel G. Mackintosh, Mitchell R. McGill, William E. Lee, Stefanie Kennon-McGill, Jonathan A. Dranoff

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, medicine.disease, Proteomics, Gastroenterology, Liver regeneration, Acetaminophen, Liver disease, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Internal medicine, Lactate dehydrogenase, Cohort, medicine, Biomarker (medicine), business, medicine.drug

الوصف: Better biomarkers to predict death early in acute liver failure (ALF) are needed. To that end, we obtained early (study day 1) and later (day 3) serum samples from transplant-free survivors (n=28) and non-survivors (n=30) of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced ALF from the NIH-sponsored Acute Liver Failure Study Group, and from control volunteers (n=10). To identify proteins that increase early in serum during ALF, we selected individuals from this cohort for whom ALT was lower on day 1 than day 3, indicating a time point before the peak of injury (n=10/group). We then performed untargeted proteomics on their day 1 samples. Out of 1,682 quantifiable proteins, 79 were elevated ≥4-fold in ALF patients vs. controls and 23 of those were further elevated ≥4-fold in non-survivors vs. survivors, indicating potential to predict death. Interestingly, the biomarker with best performance was LDH. To confirm the prognostic potential of LDH, we measured activity in all day 1 and 3 samples from all 58 ALF patients. LDH was elevated in the non-survivors vs. survivors on both days. In addition, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses revealed that LDH alone performed similarly to the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), while a combination of MELD and LDH outperformed either alone. Finally, Upstream Analysis of our proteomics data indicated activation of LKB1-AMPK signaling in liver regeneration after APAP overdose and we confirmed that in mice. Overall, we conclude LDH can predict death in APAP-induced ALF and that LKB1-AMPK signaling may be a promising therapeutic target to improve survival.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::d993657aa0b3ce5df856233553bcd156Test
https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.30.21266453Test

المؤلفون: Keiko Suzuki, Takaya Ichikawa, Satoshi Suzuki, Yoko Tanino, Yasutaka Kakinoki

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, biology, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Medical record, C-reactive protein, Logistic regression, Intensive care unit, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, law, Internal medicine, Lactate dehydrogenase, Oxygen therapy, medicine, biology.protein, business, Body mass index

الوصف: BackgroundIt is critical for clinicians seeing outpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to identify those who will require oxygen therapy after the hospital visit. Although studies on biomarkers predicting mortality or ventilator requirement in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 have been conducted, research on biomarkers predicting the need for oxygen therapy in outpatients is sparse.MethodsPatients with COVID-19 who visited Asahikawa City Hospital on an outpatient basis were included in the study. In total, 287 new outpatients visited between April 2021 and September 2021, and 142 underwent blood testing. All blood tests were performed before any treatments for COVID-19 were started. Demographic information, laboratory data, and clinical treatment information were extracted from the electronic medical records. Risk factors associated with oxygen therapy were explored.ResultsIn total, 40 of 142 patients who underwent blood testing required oxygen therapy within 7 days after blood samples were taken, and all other patients recovered without oxygen therapy. C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were significantly higher in patients who required oxygen therapy, and their cutoffs were 36 mg/L (sensitivity, 0.802; specificity, 0.725) and 267 U/L (sensitivity, 0.713; specificity, 0.750), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression identified age, body mass index, CRP ≥ 36 mg/L, and LDH ≥ 267 U/L as significant risk factors for oxygen therapy requirement. This study suggests that elevated CRP and LDH levels are independent risk factors for oxygen therapy in outpatients with COVID-19. Further confirmatory studies are needed.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::9636bff1d7a318d80f3aa1c5a52bc462Test
https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.17.21265553Test

المؤلفون: N Veyrenche, A Pisoni, S Debiesse, K Bollore, AS Bedin, A Makinson, C Niel, C Alcocer-Cordellat, AM Mondain, V Le Moing, P Van de Perre, E Tuaillon

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Urinary system, Inflammation, Disease, Urine, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Antigen, Internal medicine, Intensive care, Lactate dehydrogenase, medicine, Eosinopenia, medicine.symptom, business

الوصف: IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen (N-Ag) can be detected in the blood of patients with Covid-19. In this study, we used a highly sensitive and specific nucleocapsid-Ag assay to explore the presence of N-Ag in urine during the course of Covid-19, and explore its relationship with the severity of the disease.Material and MethodsUrine and blood samples were collected from 82 patients with a SARS-CoV-2 infection proven by PCR and included in the COVIDotheque. We explored the presence of N-Ag in urine and blood using the AAZ N-Ag test, studied the kinetics of the marker according to the time since the onset of symptoms and evaluated the association between N-Ag levels, clinical severity and inflammation.ResultsIn the first and second weeks of Covid-19, hospitalized patients tested positive for urinary N-Ag (81.25% and 71.79%, respectively) and blood N-Ag (93.75% and 94.87%, respectively). N-Ag levels in urine and blood were moderately correlated with the number of days after the onset of symptoms (r=-0.43, pConclusionOur study demonstrate that N-Ag is present in the urine of patients hospitalized in the early phase of Covid-19. As a direct marker of SARS-CoV-2, urinary N-Ag reflects the dissemination of viral compounds in the body. Urine N-Ag is a promising marker to predict adverse evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infections.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::c4a09d02feb3966d03f4bcb2726f420cTest
https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.28.21264239Test

المؤلفون: Nidhi Bharal Agarwal, Rizwana Parveen, Mohd Ashif Khan, Ram Bajpai, Pinki Mishra, Afsha Majid

المصدر: mexrXiv

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Creatinine, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Mortality rate, Serum albumin, Albumin, R735, R1, Gastroenterology, QH301, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Internal medicine, Lactate dehydrogenase, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, biology.protein, medicine, Leukocytosis, medicine.symptom, Risk factor, RB, business

الوصف: BackgroundThe outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been rapidly spreading across the globe and poses a great risk to human health. Patients with abnormalities in laboratory parameters are more susceptible to COVID-19. Therefore, we explored the association of blood biochemical parameters with severity and mortality of COVID-19 amongst 3695 patients across seventeen studies.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Cochrane library and LitCOVID database until February 28, 2021. Seventeen studies were included in the meta-analysis with 3695 COVID-19 patients.ResultsThe pooled analysis showed that compared to non-severe group, severe group was characterised by significantly elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (standardised mean difference [SMD]: 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.23 to 1.06; pConclusionSerum albumin, ALT, ESR, lymphopenia, haemoglobin, and leucocytosis can reflect the severity of COVID-19, while the LDH, leucocytosis and albumin can be considered as risk factor to higher mortality.SummaryOur manuscript discusses the various blood biochemical markers as potential predictors of disease severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. The timely detection of these parameters can help in providing appropriate course of treatment and reducing the mortality rate in the patients. We have found an association between the blood biochemical markers and disease severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Serum albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), lymphopenia, hemoglobin, and leukocytosis can reflect the severity of the disease, while the LDH, leukocytosis and albumin can be considered as risk factor to higher mortality.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::7feea31a228f030a12070e8767d1566eTest
https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.16.21263675Test

المؤلفون: Caughey Mc, Clapp Pw, Phillip G. Durham, Paul A. Dayton, Velasco B, Walmer Rw, Snow Sj, Chlebowski Jg, Antinori Jc

مصطلحات موضوعية: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Ultrasound, Tracheal intubation, Lumen (anatomy), Inflammation, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Lactate dehydrogenase, Medicine, Respiratory system, medicine.symptom, business, Airway, Ex vivo

الوصف: IntroductionUltrasound is a relatively inexpensive and non-ionizing imaging modality, but is under-utilized in large airway assessments due to poor image quality. No commercially available contrast agents currently exist for sonographic evaluation of the respiratory system, nor has a respiratory route of microbubble contrast agent (MCA) administration been previously described for the enhancement of airway imaging.MethodsWe conducted a feasibility study to assess proof-of-concept for an inhalable ultrasound MCA composed of lipid-encapsulated decaflourobutane gas. The MCA was nebulized and administered as an aerosol through the lumen of an ex vivo porcine trachea, with image enhancement evaluated by comparing images pre- and post-exposure. Additionally, primary human bronchial epithelial (hBE) cells from three donors were differentiated at an air-liquid interface and exposed apically to 25 μL of undiluted MCA or vehicle control to assess contrast agent-induced cytotoxicity and inflammation. Basolateral medium was collected 24-hours post-exposure and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) concentrations were measured as biomarkers of cytotoxicity and inflammation, respectively.ResultsContrast microbubbles remained intact following nebulization and enhanced sonographic delineation of ex vivo porcine tracheal walls, indicating adherence of the nebulized MCA to the lumenal mucosa. No significant cytotoxic or inflammatory effects were observed in cultured hBE cells following exposure to MCA.ConclusionsWe present proof-of-concept for an inhaled MCA for the enhancement of sonographic evaluations of the large airways. Pending further evaluations for safety and effectiveness, inhaled MCA may be feasible for clinical ultrasound applications, such as enhancing ultrasound-guided tracheal intubation, detecting airway bleeds, or monitoring large airway diseases in pediatric populations.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::ba17844a6057b66e861a35073dde27e5Test
https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.27.446053Test

المؤلفون: Ying Wei, Mohammad A. Choudhury, Eric A. Hoffman, David Zhang, Matthew R. Baldwin, Claire McGroder, Belinda D’Souza, Christine Kim Garcia, Mary Salvatore

مصطلحات موضوعية: Mechanical ventilation, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease, Telomere, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Internal medicine, Lactate dehydrogenase, Severity of illness, Pulmonary fibrosis, medicine, Cardiology, Ct findings, business

الوصف: The risk factors for development of fibrotic interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) after severe COVID-19 are incompletely described and the extent to which CT findings correlate with symptoms and physical function after hospitalization remain unclear. At 4 months after hospitalization, fibrotic ILA was more common in those who underwent mechanical ventilation (72%) than in those who did not (20%). We demonstrate that severity of initial illness, duration of mechanical ventilation, lactate dehydrogenase on admission, and leukocyte telomere length are independent risk factors for fibrotic ILA. These fibrotic changes correlate with lung function, cough and measures of frailty, but not with dyspnea.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::3b70828cbe788c69b9972d24a4543fd6Test
https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.17.21253834Test

المؤلفون: Zhaowei Li, Tang Baoming, Zeqing Li, Jian Li, Hui Zhang, Yuliang Chong, Ming Li, Haifang Cao, Lixiang Lou

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, Publication bias, Cochrane Library, Increased creatine kinase, Asymptomatic, Procalcitonin, Meta-analysis, Elevated lactate dehydrogenase, Internal medicine, medicine, medicine.symptom, business

الوصف: SummaryBackgroundAlthough the number of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) cases continues to increase globally, there are few studies on the clinical characteristics of children and adolescents with COVID-19.ObjectiveTo conduct a comprehensive systematic evaluation and meta-analysis of the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children and adolescents to better guide the response to the current epidemic.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI (Chinese database), Clinical Trials.gov and chictr.org.cn (China). The methodological quality of the included literature was evaluated using the Quality Assessment Tool for Case Series Studies. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA 14.0. Heterogeneity was assessed by the Q statistic and quantified using I2. We used fixed-effects or random-effects models to pool clinical data in the meta-analysis. Publication bias was evaluated by the Begg’s test.ResultsWe analyzed 49 studies involving 1627 patients. In the pooled data, the most common clinical symptoms were fever (56% [0.50−0.61]) and cough (45% [0.39−0.51]). The most common laboratory abnormalities were elevated procalcitonin (40% [0.23−0.57]), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (31% [0.19−0.43]), increased lymphocyte count (28% [0.17−0.42]), increased creatine kinase (28% [0.18− 0.40]), and elevated C-reactive protein (26% [0.17−0.36]). The most common abnormalities determined by computed tomography were lower-lobe involvement (56% [0.42-0.70]), ground-glass opacities (33% [0.25−0.42]), bilateral pneumonia (32% [0.24-0.40]), patchy shadowing (31% [0.18-0.45]), and upper lobe involvement (30% [0.20-0.41]).ConclusionDisease severity among children and adolescents with COVID-19 was milder than that among adult patients, with a greater proportion of mild and asymptomatic cases, and thus, the diagnosis of COVID-19 and control of the infection source are more challenging.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::06b24c194ef20102f3b8256cb23e5c74Test
https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.12.21253472Test

المؤلفون: Basil F. Jameel, Mohammed Ghanim, Khalil Kareem, Mohammad Abdulrazaq, Faiq I. Gorial, Ali H. Hayyawi, Hassan M Abbas, Abdulmajeed A. Hammadi, Ali M. Jawad, Adnan Mohammed Al Jubouri, Chasib L. Ali, Muhammed Waheeb Salman, Ali A. Al-Gharawi, Kawthar F. Nasser, G. S. Ahmed, Jawad I Al-shareef

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Index (economics), Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Cross-sectional study, Lymphocyte, Complete blood count, Disease, Gastroenterology, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Internal medicine, Lactate dehydrogenase, medicine, Stage (cooking), business

الوصف: Backgroundsevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or Covid-19 is a nationwide public health emergency with significant impact on human life.ObjectiveTo develop a new simple hematological prognostic index for Covid-19 severity state.Patients and methodsThis observational cross sectional study was conducted on 250 patients with Covid-19 disease. Age, gender, and severity of Covid −19 were recorded. Complete blood count and lactate dehydrogenase were measured.New index: COVID-19 severity-Iraqi-index = CSI index to predict COVID-19 severity.CSI index is monocyte/lymphocyte absolute counts multiplied by LDH (lactate dehydrogenase)/upper normal reference laboratory range of LDH value.ResultsMean age of patients was 50.4 + 15.1 years. Majority of patients were Males 148 (59.2%)..Most of patients were in stage 2 and 3 (> 94%). There was a significant difference between means of White Blood Cells, lymphocytes and Monocytes among the different stages of the disease (P = 0.0001, 0.036, 0.012). There was a significant moderate correlation between the prognostic index and the stage of the disease (r=0.41, p=0.0001).ConclusionsCSI index is a new simple predictor of clinical outcome in patients with covid-19 during early stage of the disease.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::f0fdc95c3e8c04759c108270abe55e7fTest
https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.11.21251285Test

المؤلفون: Neal K. Lakdawala, R. L. Taylor, Eleni Nastouli, A. Church, M. Hart, David S. Ludwig, Stephen Keddie, Miles D. Chapman, Michael Chou, Oliver J. Ziff, Amanda Heslegrave, Michael P. Lunn, Marie Scully, E. Garr, Jessica Manson

المصدر: Clinical Immunology
Clinical Immunology (Orlando, Fla.)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, ARDS, LDH, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Immunology, Acute respiratory distress, Severity of Illness Index, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Disease severity, Risk Factors, Full Length Article, Fraction of inspired oxygen, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Illness severity, Intensive care medicine, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, IL-6, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, Interleukin-6, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, COVID-19, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Respiration, Artificial, Triage, Interleukin-10, Hospitalization, C-Reactive Protein, 030104 developmental biology, Respiratory failure, Intensive care, IL-10, Breathing, Cytokines, Female, CRP, Cytokine Release Syndrome, business, Biomarkers, 030215 immunology

الوصف: The heterogeneous disease course of COVID-19 is unpredictable, ranging from mild self-limiting symptoms to cytokine storms, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-organ failure and death. Identification of high-risk cases will enable appropriate intervention and escalation. This study investigates the routine laboratory tests and cytokines implicated in COVID-19 for their potential application as biomarkers of disease severity, respiratory failure and need of higher-level care.From analysis of 203 samples, CRP, IL-6, IL-10 and LDH were most strongly correlated with the WHO ordinal scale of illness severity, the fraction of inspired oxygen delivery, radiological evidence of ARDS and level of respiratory support (p≤0.001). IL-6 levels of ≥3.27pg/ml provide a sensitivity of 0.87 and specificity of 0.64 for a requirement of ventilation, and a CRP of ≥37mg/L of 0.91 and 0.66.Reliable stratification of high-risk cases has significant implications on patient triage, resource management and potentially the initiation of novel therapies in severe patients.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::01a8ef2911418b49ff7ce7935f09b185Test

المؤلفون: Jie Li, Zhenling Nie, Huiling Sun, Youli Wang, Yingdong Gao, Caidong Liu, Ruisheng Zhang, Changgang Xiang, Shukui Wang, Weiye Hou, Lingxiang Wu, Ziyu Wang, Qianghu Wang, Wei Wu, Xinyi Xia

مصطلحات موضوعية: chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine.medical_specialty, chemistry, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, Lactate dehydrogenase, Internal medicine, Mortality rate, Risk stratification, Critical illness, Medicine, business, Laboratory testing

الوصف: The high mortality rate of COVID-19 patients is mainly caused by the progression from mild to critical illness. To identify the key laboratory indicators and stratify high-risk COVID-19 patients with progression to severe/critical illness, we compared 474 moderate patients and 74 severe/critical patients. The laboratory indicators, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), monocytes percentage, etc. were significantly higher in the severe/critical patients (P

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::4d877275e87a3dee587e2c13e90be21aTest
https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.12.20129098Test