المؤلفون: Wenchao Huang, Huaxin Sun, Shiqiang Xiong, Yan Luo, Yan Tang, Zhen Zhang, Hanxiong Liu

المصدر: European Journal of Medical Research, Vol 29, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Atrial fibrillation, Sex, voltage, Ablation, Medicine

الوصف: Abstract Background There is sufficient evidence that women with atrial fibrillation (AF) have a greater symptom burden than men with AF and are more likely to experience recurrence after catheter ablation. However, the mechanisms underlying these sex differences are unclear. Methods We prospectively enrolled 125 consecutive patients, including 40 non-AF patients and 85 AF patients, who underwent high-density voltage mapping during sinus rhythm and AF patients who underwent first ablation. Results Overall, 37 (44%) female patients with AF and 24 (60%) female non-AF patients with a mean age of 61.7 ± 11.6 years and 53.6 ± 16.7 years, respectively, were enrolled in this study. The results showed that the atrial voltage of female AF patients was significantly lower than that of male AF patients (1.11 ± 0.58 mV vs. 1.53 ± 0.65 mV; P = 0.003), while there were no significant sex differences in non-AF patients (3.02 ± 0.86 mV vs. 3.21 ± 0.84 mV; P = 0.498). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that female sex (− 0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] − 0.64 to − 0.13, P = 0.004) and AF type (− 0.32, 95% CI − 0.69 to − 0.13, P = 0.004) were the only factors independently associated with voltage. Compared with men, women in the paroxysmal AF group had a 3.5-fold greater incidence of recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio 4.49; 95% CI 1.101–18.332, P = 0.036). Both globally and regionally, the results showed that sex-related differences in voltage values occurred prominently in paroxysmal AF patients but not in nonparoxysmal AF patients. Conclusion Sex-related differences in atrial substrates and arrhythmia-free survival were found in paroxysmal AF patients, suggesting the existence of sex-related pathophysiological factors.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2047-783XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/8620fefd9c254a509fcab4b4378cdb8bTest

المؤلفون: Hongxin Lyu, Dongmei Liang, Riyan Luo, Yunlong Feng, Lei Liu, Sixia Yang, Fuling Cai, Zhen Zhang, Huawei Xiong

المصدر: BMC Public Health, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Before-after study, Teacher, Norovirus diarrhea, Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270

الوصف: Abstract Background Norovirus gastroenteritis outbreaks were common in schools and kindergartens and were more related to faculty knowledge, attitude, and practice level. Gastroenteritis outbreaks caused by norovirus in educational institutions were the prominent cause of Public Health Emergency Events in China. This study aimed to explore the transformation in the contribution of KAP items related to outbreak prevention before and after intervention and the impact of demography factors on the intervention. Methods This study sampled 1095 kindergarten and 1028 school staff in Shenzhen, China. We created a questionnaire consisting of 35 items in 4 parts, and each item was rated on a scale of 1–5 according to the accuracy. Univariate analysis of non-parametric tests and binary logistic regression were used to estimate the score difference on demographic characteristics, each item and KAP. The odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence and intervals (CI) for the association between statistical indicators were mainly used to explain the effects before and after intervention. Results Overall, 98.72% and 74.9% of the kindergarten and school participants were female, and all respondents had the highest scores difference of practice. Following intervention, univariate analysis indicated that primary school and female respondents achieved higher knowledge scores. Staff age beyond 35 (OR = 0.56, CI:0.34–0.92; OR = 0.67, CI:0.50–0.90) and with more than ten years of service (OR = 0.58, CI:0.36–0.91; OR = 0.38, CI:0.17–0.84) demonstrated a significantly lower post-intervention score for attitude and practice in both kindergartens and schools. The staff members exhibited a general lack of familiarity with the transmission of aerosols and the seasonal patterns of NoVs diarrhea pandemics. Item analysis revealed that kindergarten staff aged 26 and above demonstrated superior performance in terms of the efficacy of medical alcohol for inactivation (OR = 1.93, CI:1.13–3.31) and management strategies for unexplained vomiting among students (OR = 1.97, CI:1.21–3.18). Private school personnel displayed more significant improvement in their practices following educational interventions. School administrators' negative attitudes were primarily evident in their perspectives on morning inspections (OR = 0.11, CI:0.05–0.84). Conclusions The potential negative impact of faculty age on NoVs-related knowledge can be mitigated by the positive attitudes fostered through seniority. Furthermore, it is imperative to urgently address the lack of knowledge among administrators, and the identification and treatment of vomiting symptoms should be emphasized as crucial aspects of school prevention strategies. Therefore, education authorities should implement comprehensive public health interventions in the future.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2458Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/d3ce9876429043e48be59a504c00d1acTest

المؤلفون: Wei-wei Fang, Xiang-long Kong, Jie-yu Yang, Ning-ning Tao, Ya-meng Li, Ting-ting Wang, Ying-Ying Li, Qi-lin Han, Yu-zhen Zhang, Jin-jiang Hu, Huai-chen Li, Yao Liu

المصدر: BMC Microbiology, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Whole genome sequence, PE/PPE, Transmission, China, Microbiology, QR1-502

الوصف: Abstract Objective This study aims to examine the impact of PE/PPE gene mutations on the transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) in China. Methods We collected the whole genome sequencing (WGS) data of 3202 M. tuberculosis isolates in China from 2007 to 2018 and investigated the clustering of strains from different lineages. To evaluate the potential role of PE/PPE gene mutations in the dissemination of the pathogen, we employed homoplastic analysis to detect homoplastic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within these gene regions. Subsequently, logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the statistical association. Results Based on nationwide M. tuberculosis WGS data, it has been observed that the majority of the M. tuberculosis burden in China is caused by lineage 2 strains, followed by lineage 4. Lineage 2 exhibited a higher number of transmission clusters, totaling 446 clusters, of which 77 were cross-regional clusters. Conversely, there were only 52 transmission clusters in lineage 4, of which 9 were cross-regional clusters. In the analysis of lineage 2 isolates, regression results showed that 4 specific gene mutations, PE4 (position 190,394; c.46G > A), PE_PGRS10 (839,194; c.744 A > G), PE16 (1,607,005; c.620T > G) and PE_PGRS44 (2,921,883; c.333 C > A), were significantly associated with the transmission of M. tuberculosis. Mutations of PE_PGRS10 (839,334; c.884 A > G), PE_PGRS11 (847,613; c.1455G > C), PE_PGRS47 (3,054,724; c.811 A > G) and PPE66 (4,189,930; c.303G > C) exhibited significant associations with the cross-regional clusters. A total of 13 mutation positions showed a positive correlation with clustering size, indicating a positive association. For lineage 4 strains, no mutations were found to enhance transmission, but 2 mutation sites were identified as risk factors for cross-regional clusters. These included PE_PGRS4 (338,100; c.974 A > G) and PPE13 (976,897; c.1307 A > C). Conclusion Our results indicate that some PE/PPE gene mutations can increase the risk of M. tuberculosis transmission, which might provide a basis for controlling the spread of tuberculosis.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2180Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/fd007a06ecce46079e6579f1ad64ac7eTest

المؤلفون: Xuan Lai, Menglei Wang, Zhen Zhang, Suya Chen, Xiner Tan, Wenjing Liu, Huimin Liang, Li Li, Longquan Shao

المصدر: Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Zinc oxide nanoparticles, Epidermis, Desmosome, Fragmentation, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Medical technology, R855-855.5

الوصف: Abstract Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZNPs) are widely used in sunscreens and nanomedicines, and it was recently confirmed that ZNPs can penetrate stratum corneum into deep epidermis. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the impact of ZNPs on epidermis. In this study, ZNPs were applied to mouse skin at a relatively low concentration for one week. As a result, desmosomes in epidermal tissues were depolymerized, epidermal mechanical strain resistance was reduced, and the levels of desmosomal cadherins were decreased in cell membrane lysates and increased in cytoplasmic lysates. This finding suggested that ZNPs promote desmosomal cadherin endocytosis, which causes desmosome depolymerization. In further studies, ZNPs were proved to decrease mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity, activate transcription factor EB (TFEB), upregulate biogenesis of lysosome-related organelle complex 1 subunit 3 (BLOC1S3) and consequently promote desmosomal cadherin endocytosis. In addition, the key role of mTORC1 in ZNP-induced decrease in mechanical strain resistance was determined both in vitro and in vivo. It can be concluded that ZNPs reduce epidermal mechanical strain resistance by promoting desmosomal cadherin endocytosis via the mTORC1-TFEB-BLOC1S3 axis. This study helps elucidate the biological effects of ZNPs and suggests that ZNPs increase the risk of epidermal fragmentation. Graphical abstract

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1477-3155Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/35f730e6a3f94c22bb6422145b2f0d1aTest

المؤلفون: Xinyuan Fang, Zhen Zhang

المصدر: BMC Public Health, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Physical literacy, Health, Life quality, Physical inactivity, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270

الوصف: Abstract Background The World Health Organization has proposed that physical activity is a meaningful way to improve the quality of human life and reduce the probability of chronic non-communicable diseases and that humans should change their mindset from the actual effectiveness of physical activity in promoting health to the new view that “physical activity makes life more meaningful.” The introduction and development of physical literacy reveal the critical role of physical activity in improving human health and the importance of human initiative in physical activity for healthy development. Therefore, the objectives of this paper are (1) to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the literature on physical literacy, assessing the scope, frequency, and geographical distribution of research publications from various countries and institutions from 2015 to 2023; (2) to visualize keywords in articles on the topic of Physical literacy to analyze whether there is a link between physical literacy and health, and (3) based on the results of the visual analysis, we propose that proper health is built on the sense of physical literacy and further construct the circular path of physical literacy, physical activity, and physical health improvement. Methods Using VOSviewer software v.1.6.18, this study searched the core collection of the Web of Science database from 2015 to April 15, 2023, using “physical literacy” as a keyword to explore the current international research on physical literacy. Results A total of 3,446 articles were included, and a correlation map was derived based on the co-occurrence frequency of keywords, which showed that physical literacy was highly correlated with six concepts: health literacy, physical activity, health, children, adolescents, and prevention. Conclusion Based on the analysis of literature visualization techniques, there is a high correlation between physical literacy and health, and international physical literacy research is in a trend of multi-point amplification, with research hotspots gradually shifting from the field of sports to the field of health and closely related to the field of health, indicating that physical literacy aims to promote the achievement of individual health by driving humans to increase physical activity.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2458Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/911e60bbe60d4951a98685b320fd4d77Test

المؤلفون: Lina Zhao, Zhen Zhang, Pei Wang, Nannan Zhang, Hao shen, Hening Wu, Zhiyong Wei, Fei Yang, Yunying Wang, Zhijie Yu, Haibo Li, Zhanfei Hu, Hongyan Zhai, Zhiwei Wang, Fuhong Su, Keliang Xie, Yun Li

المصدر: Journal of Neuroinflammation, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy, AQP4, GFAP, Gut-brain axis, Astrocyte, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429

الوصف: Abstract Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a significant cause of mortality in patients with sepsis. Despite extensive research, its exact cause remains unclear. Our previous research indicated a relationship between non-hepatic hyperammonemia (NHH) and SAE. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between NHH and SAE and the potential mechanisms causing cognitive impairment. In the in vivo experimental results, there were no significant abnormalities in the livers of mice with moderate cecal ligation and perforation (CLP); however, ammonia levels were elevated in the hippocampal tissue and serum. The ELISA study suggest that fecal microbiota transplantation in CLP mice can reduce ammonia levels. Reduction in ammonia levels improved cognitive dysfunction and neurological impairment in CLP mice through behavioral, neuroimaging, and molecular biology studies. Further studies have shown that ammonia enters the brain to regulate the expression of aquaporins-4 (AQP4) in astrocytes, which may be the mechanism underlying brain dysfunction in CLP mice. The results of the in vitro experiments showed that ammonia up-regulated AQP4 expression in astrocytes, resulting in astrocyte damage. The results of this study suggest that ammonia up-regulates astrocyte AQP4 expression through the gut-brain axis, which may be a potential mechanism for the occurrence of SAE.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1742-2094Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/b5afb672a3224293b9599a99689f00d2Test

المؤلفون: Xuena Yang, Bolun Cheng, Shiqiang Cheng, Li Liu, Chuyu Pan, Peilin Meng, Chun’e Li, Yujing Chen, Jingxi Zhang, Huijie Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Yan Wen, Yumeng Jia, Huan Liu, Feng Zhang

المصدر: Human Genomics, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Sleep disorders, Depression, Comorbidity, Genome-wide association study, Medicine, Genetics, QH426-470

الوصف: Abstract Objective This study aimed to identify candidate loci and genes related to sleep disturbances in depressed individuals and clarify the co-occurrence of sleep disturbances and depression from the genetic perspective. Methods The study subjects (including 58,256 self-reported depressed individuals and 6,576 participants with PHQ-9 score ≥ 10, respectively) were collected from the UK Biobank, which were determined based on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and self-reported depression status, respectively. Sleep related traits included chronotype, insomnia, snoring and daytime dozing. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of sleep related traits in depressed individuals were conducted by PLINK 2.0 adjusting age, sex, Townsend deprivation index and 10 principal components as covariates. The CAUSALdb database was used to explore the mental traits associated with the candidate genes identified by the GWAS. Results GWAS detected 15 loci significantly associated with chronotype in the subjects with self-reported depression, such as rs12736689 at RNASEL (P = 1.00 × 10− 09), rs509476 at RGS16 (P = 1.58 × 10− 09) and rs1006751 at RFX4 (P = 1.54 × 10− 08). 9 candidate loci were identified in the subjects with PHQ-9 ≥ 10, of which 2 loci were associated with insomnia such as rs115379847 at EVC2 (P = 3.50 × 10− 08), and 7 loci were associated with daytime dozing, such as rs140876133 at SMYD3 (P = 3.88 × 10− 08) and rs139156969 at ROBO2 (P = 3.58 × 10− 08). Multiple identified genes, such as RNASEL, RGS16, RFX4 and ROBO2 were reported to be associated with chronotype, depression or cognition in previous studies. Conclusion Our study identified several candidate genes related to sleep disturbances in depressed individuals, which provided new clues for understanding the biological mechanism underlying the co-occurrence of depression and sleep disorders.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1479-7364Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/e83a8efd8dce406ea3c12f35314b6900Test

المؤلفون: Qiang Chen, Shiqiang Xiong, Tao Ye, Yanxiang Gao, Jian Wang, Xingliang Li, Yike Li, Caiyan Cui, Hanxiong Liu, Zhen Zhang, Lin Cai, Jingang Zheng

المصدر: Cardiovascular Diabetology, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: The triglyceride-glucose index, Acute coronary syndrome, Insulin resistance, Mediation, SYNTAX score, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701

الوصف: Abstract Background Insulin resistance (IR) is linked to both the complexity of coronary artery lesions and the prognosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the precise extent of this correlation and its impact on adverse cardiovascular outcomes in ACS patients remain unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the intricate relationship between IR, coronary artery lesion complexity, and the prognosis of ACS through a cohort design analysis. Method A total of 986 patients with ACS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were included in this analysis. IR was assessed using the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, while coronary artery lesion complexity was evaluated using the SYNTAX score. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were utilized to analyze the correlations between variables. The association of the TyG index and SYNTAX score with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in ACS was investigated using the Kaplan-Meier method, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and adjusted Cox regression. Additionally, a novel 2-stage regression method for survival data was employed in mediation analysis to explore the mediating impact of the SYNTAX score on the association between the TyG index and adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including MACEs and unplanned revascularization. Results During a median follow-up of 30.72 months, 167 cases of MACEs were documented, including 66 all-cause deaths (6.69%), 26 nonfatal myocardial infarctions (MIs) (2.64%), and 99 unplanned revascularizations (10.04%). The incidence of MACEs, all-cause death, and unplanned revascularization increased with elevated TyG index and SYNTAX score. Both the TyG index (non-linear, P = 0.119) and SYNTAX score (non-linear, P = 0.004) displayed a positive dose-response relationship with MACEs, as illustrated by the RCS curve. Following adjustment for multiple factors, both the TyG index and SYNTAX score emerged as significant predictors of MACEs across the total population and various subgroups. Mediation analysis indicated that the SYNTAX score mediated 25.03%, 18.00%, 14.93%, and 11.53% of the correlation between the TyG index and MACEs in different adjusted models, respectively. Similar mediating effects were observed when endpoint was defined as unplanned revascularization. Conclusion Elevated baseline TyG index and SYNTAX score were associated with a higher risk of MACEs in ACS. Furthermore, the SYNTAX score partially mediated the relationship between the TyG index and adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2840Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/f45da984fb924231842e1a037f83a166Test

المؤلفون: Yiting Sun, Yinglong Zhang, Yibo Guo, Dongming He, Wanlin Xu, Wei Fang, Chenping Zhang, Yi Zuo, Zhen Zhang

المصدر: Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Nerve regeneration, Macrophage polarization, Polyurethane, Aligned nanofibers, Nerve guidance conduit, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Medical technology, R855-855.5

الوصف: Abstract Biomaterials can modulate the local immune microenvironments to promote peripheral nerve regeneration. Inspired by the spatial orderly distribution and endogenous electric field of nerve fibers, we aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of electrical and topological cues on immune microenvironments of peripheral nerve regeneration. Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) with aligned electrospun nanofibers were fabricated using a polyurethane copolymer containing a conductive aniline trimer and degradable L-lysine (PUAT). In vitro experiments showed that the aligned PUAT (A-PUAT) membranes promoted the recruitment of macrophages and induced their polarization towards the pro-healing M2 phenotype, which subsequently facilitated the migration and myelination of Schwann cells. Furthermore, NGCs fabricated from A-PUAT increased the proportion of pro-healing macrophages and improved peripheral nerve regeneration in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the potential application of NGCs in peripheral nerve regeneration from an immunomodulatory perspective and revealed A-PUAT as a clinically-actionable strategy for peripheral nerve injury.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1477-3155Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/c62a009a641143cab4d7000b110df034Test

المؤلفون: Longfei Dai, Renao Jiang, Zhicheng Zhan, Liangliang Zhang, Yuyang Qian, Xinjian Xu, Wenqi Yang, Zhen Zhang

المصدر: Lipids in Health and Disease, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Machine learning, Mitochondria, NASH, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627

الوصف: Abstract Background Evidence suggests that hepatocyte mitochondrial dysfunction leads to abnormal lipid metabolism, redox imbalance, and programmed cell death, driving the onset and progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Identifying hub mitochondrial genes linked to NASH may unveil potential therapeutic targets. Methods Mitochondrial hub genes implicated in NASH were identified via analysis using 134 algorithms. Results The Random Forest algorithm (RF), the most effective among the 134 algorithms, identified three genes: Aldo–keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10), thymidylate synthase (TYMS), and triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cell 2 (TREM2). They were upregulated and positively associated with genes promoting inflammation, genes involved in lipid synthesis, fibrosis, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis activity scores in patients with NASH. Moreover, using these three genes, patients with NASH were accurately categorized into cluster 1, exhibiting heightened disease severity, and cluster 2, distinguished by milder disease activity. Conclusion These three genes are pivotal mitochondrial genes implicated in NASH progression.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1476-511XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/1885c982b0244a3e97119cb3fcd3c4faTest