المؤلفون: Cheryl Johnson (8889866), Moses Kumwenda (318591), Jamilah Meghji (568933), Augustine T. Choko (9951311), Mackwellings Phiri (6619361), Karin Hatzold (291444), Rachel Baggaley (3619664), Miriam Taegtmeyer (338775), Fern Terris-Prestholt (42804), Nicola Desmond (32737), Elizabeth L. Corbett (8150859)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Neuroscience, Evolutionary Biology, Sociology, Cancer, Science Policy, Mental Health, Infectious Diseases, Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified, Life-course theory, Age stratification, Socioemotional selectivity, HIV/AIDS, HIV self-test

الوصف: Additional file 1: Table S1. Detailed summary of participant quotes from focus group discussions and in-depth interviews across the life course.

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Additional_file_1_of_Too_old_to_test_A_life_course_approach_to_HIV-related_risk_and_self-testing_among_midlife-older_adults_in_Malawi/14369899Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.14369899.v1Test

المؤلفون: Augustine T Choko, Elizabeth L Corbett, Nigel Stallard, Hendramoorthy Maheswaran, Aurelia Lepine, Cheryl C Johnson, Doreen Sakala, Thokozani Kalua, Moses Kumwenda, Richard Hayes, Katherine Fielding

الوصف: Background: Conventional HIV testing services have been less comprehensive in reaching men than in reaching women globally, but HIV self-testing (HIVST) appears to be an acceptable alternative. Measurement of linkage to post-test services following HIVST remains the biggest challenge, yet is the biggest driver of cost-effectiveness. We investigated the impact of HIVST alone or with additional interventions on the uptake of testing and linkage to care or prevention among male partners of antenatal care clinic attendees in a novel adaptive trial. Methods and findings: An adaptive multi-arm, 2-stage cluster randomised trial was conducted between 8 August 2016 and 30 June 2017, with antenatal care clinic (ANC) days (i.e., clusters of women attending on a single day) as the unit of randomisation. Recruitment was from Ndirande, Bangwe, and Zingwangwa primary health clinics in urban Blantyre, Malawi. Women attending an ANC for the first time for their current pregnancy (regardless of trimester), 18 years and older, with a primary male partner not known to be on ART were enrolled in the trial after giving consent. Randomisation was to either the standard of care (SOC; with a clinic invitation letter to the male partner) or 1 of 5 intervention arms: the first arm provided women with 2 HIVST kits for their partners; the second and third arms provided 2 HIVST kits along with a conditional fixed financial incentive of $3 or $10; the fourth arm provided 2 HIVST kits and a 10% chance of receiving $30 in a lottery; and the fifth arm provided 2 HIVST kits and a phone call reminder for the women’s partners. The primary outcome was the proportion of male partners who were reported to have tested for HIV and linked into care or prevention within 28 days, with referral for antiretroviral therapy (ART) or circumcision accordingly. Women were interviewed at 28 days about partner testing and adverse events. Cluster-level summaries compared each intervention versus SOC using eligible women as the denominator (intention-to-treat). Risk ...

العلاقة: https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002719Test; https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002719&type=printableTest

الإتاحة: https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002719Test
https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002719&type=printableTest

المؤلفون: Adrienne K Chan, Monique van Lettow, Lyson Tenthani, Moses Kumwenda, Lucy Gawa, Alice Kadzanja, Austin Mnthambala, Marion Kambanji

الوصف: Background: Malawi has one of the world's lowest densities of Health Care Workers (HCW) per capita. This study evaluates outcomes of a dedicated HCW HIV clinic in Malawi, created at Zomba Central Hospital in January 2007. Methods and Findings: Retrospective cohort data was analyzed comparing HCW clinic patient baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes at 18 months after inception, against those attending the general HIV clinic. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted to explore perceptions of patients and caregivers regarding program value, level of awareness and barriers for uptake amongst HCW. 306 patients were enrolled on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the HCW HIV clinic, 6784 in the general clinic. Significantly (p

العلاقة: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0019789Test; https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0019789&type=printableTest

الإتاحة: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0019789Test
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0019789&type=printableTest

المؤلفون: Deborah Nyirenda, Kate Gooding, Wezzie Lora, Moses Kumwenda, Meredith McMorrow, Dean Everett, Nicola Desmond

الوصف: Background: Community engagement on research design is widely highlighted as an important approach for ethical research. This article reports the experience of consulting with communities on the logo used for an influenza study in Malawi. The logo was designed for use on badges worn by study researchers, participant information sheets and other project documents, and could affect perceptions of the study and consequent engagement in the research. Methods: Four focus group discussions were conducted with populations targeted by the influenza study: pregnant women, people with HIV, mothers and community members. The focus groups incorporated a participatory matrix exercise focusing on key themes emerging from the discussions such as: attractiveness, comprehension, acceptability and suggestions for improvement. Findings from the focus groups were analyzed according to these key themes. Results: The consultation highlighted important benefits of discussion with communities on research design, including providing new perspectives and helping to avoid harm. For example, people living with HIV felt that one of the possible logos could increase stigma within communities. The experience also indicated potential challenges of consultation. In particular, there were contrasting perspectives among the groups, such that the consultation did not provide a clear answer about which logo should be selected. Conclusions: Our experience adds to current evidence on community engagement by reporting on an area where there is less discussion of community consultation for design of a study logo. The consultation exercise reaffirmed the value of community engagement, but also the difficulty of relying on a brief consultation for decision-making in research design. Further ethical guidance is required on how to negotiate contradictory views during consultations.

العلاقة: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0205737Test; https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0205737&type=printableTest

الإتاحة: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0205737Test
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0205737&type=printableTest