المؤلفون: Sui, F, Kang, Y, Wu, H, Li, H, Wang, J, Joseph, S, Munroe, P, Li, L, Pan, G

المصدر: urn:ISSN:0147-6513 ; urn:ISSN:1090-2414 ; Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 225, 112764

مصطلحات موضوعية: Cadmium, Charcoal, Iron, Oryza, Soil, Cd remobilization, Fe and S interaction, Iron plaque, Rape straw, Rice husk, Rice straw, anzsrc-for: 03 Chemical Sciences, anzsrc-for: 05 Environmental Sciences, anzsrc-for: 11 Medical and Health Sciences

الوصف: Fe-modified biochar has been shown to have high sorption ability for cadmium (Cd), while Cd immobilization effects of Fe-modified biochars with Si-rich and S-rich feedstocks have been rarely addressed. To explore the effects of Fe-modified Si-rich and S-rich biochars on Cd translocation in the soil-rice system, a pot experiment was carried out with an acidic Cd-contaminated sandy loam paddy from central South China and a late season rice cultivate during July to November 2018. Rice straw and rice husk were chosen as Si-rich feedstocks, and rape straw was applied as S-rich feedstock, these feedstocks were further collected and pyrolyzed at 450 °C. Pristine and Fe-impregnated rice straw (BRS/BRS-Fe), rice husk (BRH/BRH-Fe) and rape straw (BRE/BRE-Fe) biochars were applied at 0 and 10 t/ha, respectively. The reductions in Cd concentrations in rice grains were 23.8%, 22.3% and 46.1% with treatments of BRE, BRS and BRH, respectively, compared to the control. Compared to other pristine biochars, BRH is more effective in Cd remediation in paddy soil. For Fe-modified biochars, BRE-Fe achieved the highest reductions in Cd concentrations in rice grains with 46.7% and 30.1%, compared with the control and BRE, respectively. BRE-Fe decreased Cd remobilization from leaves to grains. Only BRE-Fe enhanced the formation and Cd sorption capacity of iron plaque. BRS-Fe and BRH-Fe enhanced Fe content in rice plants, which might induce the reduction in iron plaque formation. Fe and S-contained complexes contents increased in the contaminated pristine biochar particles, but reduced in the contaminated BRE-Fe particles. Therefore, Fe modification could not enhance Cd immobilization effect of Si-rich biochar, while Fe modified S-rich biochar has promising potential for Cd remediation with enhancement in iron plaque formation and Cd fixation in rice leaves.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_78210Test; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/bitstreams/6a177d5c-9e63-46f7-9329-8e9ad592cb84/downloadTest; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112764Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112764Test
http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_78210Test
https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/bitstreams/6a177d5c-9e63-46f7-9329-8e9ad592cb84/downloadTest

المؤلفون: Waters, Brian M, Uauy, Cristobal, Dubcovsky, Jorge, Grusak, Michael A

المصدر: Journal of Experimental Botany, vol 60, iss 15

مصطلحات موضوعية: Genetics, Prevention of disease and conditions, and promotion of well-being, 3.3 Nutrition and chemoprevention, Cardiovascular, Stroke, Metabolic and endocrine, Cancer, Biological Transport, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Iron, Nitrogen, Plant Components, Aerial, Plant Proteins, Transcription Factors, Triticum, Zinc, Biofortification, grain protein content, remobilization, senescence, Plant Biology, Crop and Pasture Production, Plant Biology & Botany

الوقت: 4263 - 4274

الوصف: The NAM-B1 gene is a NAC transcription factor that affects grain nutrient concentrations in wheat (Triticum aestivum). An RNAi line with reduced expression of NAM genes has lower grain protein, iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) concentrations. To determine whether decreased remobilization, lower plant uptake, or decreased partitioning to grain are responsible for this phenotype, mineral dynamics were quantified in wheat tissues throughout grain development. Control and RNAi wheat were grown in potting mix and hydroponics. Mineral (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, S, and Zn) and nitrogen (N) contents of organs were determined at regular intervals to quantify the net remobilization from vegetative tissues and the accumulation of nutrients in grain. Total nutrient accumulation was similar between lines, but grain Fe, Zn, and N were at lower concentrations in the NAM knockdown line. In potting mix, net remobilization of N, Fe, and Zn from vegetative tissues was impaired in the RNAi line. In hydroponics with ample nutrients, net remobilization was not observed, but grain Fe and Zn contents and concentrations remained lower in the RNAi line. When Fe or Zn was withheld post-anthesis, both lines demonstrated remobilization. These results suggest that a major effect of the NAM genes is an increased efflux of nutrients from the vegetative tissues and a higher partitioning of nutrients to grain.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: qt7df2q1x5; https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7df2q1x5Test

الإتاحة: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7df2q1x5Test

المؤلفون: Hao, Hulin, Dr., Yang, Xioae, Feng, Ying, Jiang, Hong, He, Zhenli

مصطلحات موضوعية: Distribution, grain density, iron, remobilization, Oryza sativa L

الوصف: Iron (Fe) is an important essential micronutrient and its deficiency is a widespread micronutrient malnutrition problem for human being in the world. Iron biofortification of staple food crop is regarded as an effective way to solve this problem. Rice is the most important food crop in the world feeding over half of the global population; therefore, a small increase in Fe concentration in rice grain can greatly improve human health. However, the mechanisms of Fe dense accumulation in rice grain are not fully understood, which limits the advance of high Fe-dense rice breeding. In this paper, the characteristics of Fe re-utilization in the dense rice genotype (IR68144) were studied, as compared with the indense rice genotype (IR64). The results showed that the ability of iron remobilization from “source” to “sink” was much greater in IR68144 than in IR64, i.e. from root, the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd leaf, as well as leaf sheath to the new growing leaves and tillers at vegetative stage, and from root, stem, and flag leaf to grain at reproductive stage. It was estimated that the re-mobilization of Fe in the dense genotype IR68144 accounted for 28.5% of total Fe of the plant at the 4th leaf stage, which was 1.6-fold higher than that of the in-dense genotype IR64. At the reproductive growth stage, the re-translocation of Fe from leaves and stems to grain was found to be much greater in the dense than in the indense rice genotype, and the re-translocation of Fe depended greatly on Fe pretreatment levels before anthesis and Fe/Zn nutritional status after anthesis. The dense genotype remobilized about 10-time more Fe from stem with low Fe pretreatment, and exported around 6-time more Fe from roots and 10-time more Fe from the flag leaf with adequate Fe pretreatment, as compared to the indense genotype. The remobilization of Fe from the vegetative organs to grain was greater at low Fe supply than at higher Fe supply, and greater re-translocation of Fe was noted in IR68144 than in IR64 when pretreated with low Fe. After stopped ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: qt89g6n5vw; https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89g6n5vwTest

الإتاحة: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89g6n5vwTest

المؤلفون: Waters, Brian M., Wang, Dong, Grusak, Michael

مصطلحات موضوعية: Element Toxicity and Remediation, iron, zinc, remobilization, translocation, gene regulation

الوصف: Approximately half of the world population suffers from iron and/or zinc deficiency, and millions suffer from protein-energy malnutrition, primarily from reliance on plant based staple foods. These foods are low in iron, zinc, and protein density relative to animal based foods. We and others are interested in genetic improvement of plants to increase the nutritional value of plants, a strategy termed biofortification. In previous work, the NAM transcription factor genes of wheat were shown to regulate leaf senescence and iron, zinc, and nitrogen remobilization and translocation from vegetative tissues to grain. Thus, genes of the NAM transcription factor regulon are potential targets for nutritional improvement of cereal or other seed crops. As a first step to identify NAM regulated genes, we used the Affymetrix Wheat Genome microarray to profile genes that are differentially regulated in flag leaf tissue at mid-grain fill relative to anthesis, and that are also differentially regulated between control and NAM RNAi knockdown lines. Over three hundred genes met the criteria to be potential NAM targets, several of which are annotated as coding for proteins that could be involved in nutrient transport or protein metabolism. A highly homologous NAM gene with developmentally regulated leaf expression similar to wheat NAM genes was cloned from Sorghum bicolor. Results of genome-wide bioinformatic and molecular screens to identify potential NAM regulated genes and putative NAM response elements in gene promoters will be presented.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: qt6jv4n1vg; https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6jv4n1vgTest

الإتاحة: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6jv4n1vgTest

المؤلفون: Jeong, HY, Han, YS, Hayes, KF, "null"

مصطلحات موضوعية: DISORDERED MACKINAWITE, METAL REMOBILIZATION, NATURAL-WATERS, SPECIATION, IRON, GROUNDWATER, CHEMISTRY, MECHANISM, GOETHITE, TRANSFORMATIONS

الوصف: In this study we investigated the speciation of the solid-phase As formed by reacting 2 x 10(-4) M As(III) with 1.0 g/L mackinawite and the potential for these sorbed species to be mobilized (released into the aqueous phase) upon exposure to atmospheric oxygen at pH 4.9, 7.1, and 9.1. Before oxygen exposure, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses indicated that As(III) was removed from the aqueous phase by forming As(0), ASS, and surface precipitates as thioarsenites at pH 4.9 and As(0) and thioarsenite surface precipitates at pH 7.1 and 9.1. When oxygen was introduced, XAS analysis indicated that As(0) and the surface precipitates were quickly transformed, whereas ASS was persistent. During intermediate oxygen exposure times, dissolved As increased at pH 4.9 and 7.1 due to the rapid oxidation of As(0) and the slow precipitation of iron (oxyhydr)oxides, the oxidation products of mackinawite. This indicates that oxidative mobilization is a potential pathway for arsenic contamination of water at acidic to neutral pH. The mobilized As was eventually resorbed by forming edge-sharing and double-corner-sharing surface complexes with iron (oxyhydr)oxides. ; X

العلاقة: 44; 955; 961; ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; SCI급, SCOPUS 등재논문; SCI; v.44; no.3; pp.955-961; 2010-OAK-0000020004; https://oasis.postech.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/27534Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1021/ES902577YTest
https://oasis.postech.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/27534Test

المؤلفون: Waters, Brian M., Uauy, Cristobal, Dubcovsky, Jorge, Grusak, Michael A.

المصدر: Agronomy & Horticulture -- Faculty Publications

مصطلحات موضوعية: biofortification, grain protein content, iron, remobilization, senescence, zinc, Agricultural Science, Agriculture, Agronomy and Crop Sciences, Genetics, Plant Breeding and Genetics, Plant Sciences

الوصف: The NAM-B1 gene is a NAC transcription factor that affects grain nutrient concentrations in wheat (Triticum aestivum). An RNAi line with reduced expression of NAM genes has lower grain protein, iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) concentrations. To determine whether decreased remobilization, lower plant uptake, or decreased partitioning to grain are responsible for this phenotype, mineral dynamics were quantified in wheat tissues throughout grain development. Control and RNAi wheat were grown in potting mix and hydroponics. Mineral (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, S, and Zn) and nitrogen (N) contents of organs were determined at regular intervals to quantify the net remobilization from vegetative tissues and the accumulation of nutrients in grain. Total nutrient accumulation was similar between lines, but grain Fe, Zn, and N were at lower concentrations in the NAM knockdown line. In potting mix, net remobilization of N, Fe, and Zn from vegetative tissues was impaired in the RNAi line. In hydroponics with ample nutrients, net remobilization was not observed, but grain Fe and Zn contents and concentrations remained lower in the RNAi line. When Fe or Zn was withheld post-anthesis, both lines demonstrated remobilization. These results suggest that a major effect of the NAM genes is an increased efflux of nutrients from the vegetative tissues and a higher partitioning of nutrients to grain.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/agronomyfacpub/733Test; https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_PUB_VERSION.pdfTest; https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/0/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_1.xlsTest; https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/1/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_2.xlsTest; https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/2/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_3.xlsTest; https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/3/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_4.pdfTest; https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/4/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_5.pdfTest

الإتاحة: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/agronomyfacpub/733Test
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_PUB_VERSION.pdfTest
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/0/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_1.xlsTest
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/1/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_2.xlsTest
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/2/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_3.xlsTest
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/3/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_4.pdfTest
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/agronomyfacpub/article/1733/filename/4/type/additional/viewcontent/Waters_2009_JEB_Wheat__Triticum_aestivum__NAM_proteins_SUPP_MAT_5.pdfTest