العنوان البديل: Response of Yield and Yield Components of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) to Stale Seedbeds and Different Dosages of Herbicide. (English)

المؤلفون: فاطمه لطفی زاد, احمد زارع, الهام الهی فرد, آیدین خدایی جوقا

المصدر: Journal of Crop Production & Processing; 2022, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p119-132, 14p

مصطلحات موضوعية: HERBICIDE application, WEED control, PARAQUAT, HERBICIDES, GLYPHOSATE, WEEDS, EFFECT of herbicides on plants

مستخلص: In order to evaluate the effect of different planting seedbeds (stale and false) and application of Oxyfluorfen herbicide on yield, yield components and control of garlic weeds, a split-plot experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in the cropping year 2020- 2021 at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan. The main plot consisted of different planting seedbeds: Conventional seedbed (without irrigation using plow and disc); stale seedbed (using Paraquat herbicide); stale seedbed (using Glyphosate herbicide); false seedbed (using flame application) and false seedbed (with manual cultivation). Different dosages of Oxyfluorfen herbicide (0, 1, 1.5 and 2 L/ha as split dosage) were considered as subplots. The highest total dry weight of weeds (231 g/m2) was observed in the presence of conventional seedbed treatment and non-application of herbicide. The lowest dry weight of weeds was observed in the presence of stale seedbed with glyphosate and application of 2 L/ha of Oxyfluorfen herbicide. The highest bulb yield of garlic (580 g/m²) was achieved in the presence of glyphosate seedbeds with application of herbicide at 1.5 L/ha and the lowest bulb yield (91.2 g/m²) was observed in the presence of conventional seedbed and non-application of herbicide. In conclusion, application of 2 L/ha herbicide in split doses was recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Crop Production & Processing is the property of Isfahan University of Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

العنوان البديل: The Effect of Herbicides Used in the Control of Water Hyacinth; Glyphosate, Glufosinate-Ammonium and Bispyribac Sodium on Diversity and Abundance of Planktonic Communities. (English)

المؤلفون: عليرضا ميرزاجانى, سيامك(باقرى, جليل سبك('آرا, مرضيه مكارمى, سيده خطيب, نوشين نظام آبادى, رودابه روفجايى, صاحبعلى قربانى, و فريبا مددى

المصدر: Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology; 2022, Vol. 10 Issue 4, p67-80, 14p

مصطلحات موضوعية: HERBICIDE application, WATER hyacinth, AQUATIC weeds, GLYPHOSATE, SPECIES diversity, HERBICIDES

مصطلحات جغرافية: IRAN

مستخلص: Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is native to the Amazon basin and is one of the worst aquatic weeds in the world. It has been an invasive species in aquatic ecosystems of northern Iran since 2011. The use of herbicides as a method of plant control is common and efforts are made to select a formulation with the least impact on the environment. In the current study, three types of herbicide including glyphosate (Roundup), Glufosinate-ammonium (Basta) and Bispyribac sodium (Nominee) were used to control water hyacinth and the effects of their use on the abundance and diversity of planktonic communities were investigated. Roundup treatment has an immediate effect on water hyacinth, while Basta and Nominee treatments were effective for a longer period of time. Results showed that about 90% of phytoplankton and 71% of zooplankton belonged to the diatom and protozoa, respectively. The diversity of plankton species did not change after herbicides application and the number of genera in control ponds was almost constant. The phytoplankton abundance was higher after herbicides applications, especially in the Roundup treatment. The used doses of herbicides not only had a controlling effect on water hyacinth but also had no significant negative effect on the diversity and abundance of planktonic communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology is the property of Isfahan University of Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Shadi Valizadeh, Adel Dabbagh Mohammadi Nassab, Rouhollah Amini

المصدر: Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, Vol 30, Iss 1, Pp 297-311 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: aqueous extract, auxin, dodder, glyphosate, vinegar, weed biomass, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Plant culture, SB1-1110

الوصف: In order to evaluate the dodder (Cuscuta campestris) control methods in tomato an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with 11 treatments and four replications (in box) at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz in 2016. The dodder control treatments were including application of glyphosate with 100 g ai.ha-1 (infestation at 3-4- and 5-6-leaf stage of tomato), application of glyphosate with 150 g ai.ha-1 (infestation at 3-4- and 5-6-leaf stage), application of Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) water extract at ratio of 1:10 (m/v) (infestation at 3-4- and 5-6-leaf stage), application of vinegar at ratio of 1:10 (m/v) (infestation at 3-4- and 5-6-leaf stage application of auxin at concentration of 0.1% (infestation at 3-4- and 5-6-leaf stage) and dodder-free treatment. Results indicated that dodder biomass, seed number and seed weight per box and tomato fruit yield were affected by dodder management treatments. Application of Bermuda grass water extract at 3-4-leaf stage had the highest dodder biomass (29.3 g per box) and application of glyphosate at 100 and 150 g ai.ha-1 had the lowest dodder biomass (7.9 and 10.1 g per box, respectively). The greatest dodder seed number per plant were observed in vinegar, Bermuda grass water extract and auxin application treatments and the glyphosate application treatments had the lower dodder seed number per box. The highest tomato fruit yield (110.8 g.plant-1) was obtained in auxin application at 5-6-leaf stage that was not significantly different with vinegar and glyphosate at 100 g ai.ha-1 applications in this stage. Generally application of auxin and vinegar could be recommended to the growers as alternative of glyphosate for dodder management in organic production of tomato.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://sustainagriculture.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_10425_784325f46aa3720f788ae37c80dc038b.pdfTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2476-4310Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2476-4329Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/20d17e28bb734df8939ff98ce0145debTest

العنوان البديل: The effect of glyphosate herbicide on the expression of pathogenesis related genes and resistance induction in transgenic Potato plants treated with two strains of Potato pathogens. (English)

المؤلفون: حسین پاسالاري, چمران همتی, آناتولی نیکلایو&

المصدر: Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology; 2021, Vol. 57 Issue 1, p1-10, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: PHYTOPATHOGENIC microorganisms, RNA analysis, PATHOGENIC bacteria, TRANSGENIC plants, GLYPHOSATE, PLANT resistance to viruses

مستخلص: Our objective was to investigate the effect of glyphosate in induction of resistance to two plant bacterial pathogens. To do so, glyphosate at an optimal concentration of 1.8 mg / l was used on the transgenic potato, Odyssay cultivar, to induce resistance to two strains of pathogenic bacteria (21A of Pectobacterium atrosepticum and ENA49 of Dickeya dadantii). RT-PCR analysis on RNA isolated from transgenic plants, showed overexpression of aroA and potato defense response genes. Transgenic potato leaves infected with potato pathogenic bacteria, and then treated with glyphosate showed a high level of expression of pathogenesis-related genes (PR-2, PR-3, PR-5), especially PR-2 and defense response genes (HSR-203j, HIN1), especially HSR-203j. However; the plants infected with bacteria and non-treated by glyphosate did not significantly change the expression of these genes. The results showed that the treatment of plants by glyphosate may not only eliminate weeds of farmland but can also induces a systemic acquired resistance to pathogenic bacteria by expressing of PR proteins and defense response genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology is the property of Iranian Phytopathological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Amir mousavi, Ali Hatef Salmanian, Mohammad Reza Eftekhariyan Ghamsari, Sepideh Parvanian

المصدر: Zīst/shināsī-i Giyāhī-i Īrān, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 57-66 (2018)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Transgenic, epsps, Brassica napus, glyphosate, gox, Plant culture, SB1-1110, Biology (General), QH301-705.5

الوصف: Canola (Brassica napus L.) is known as one of the most important oil-producing plants worldwide that has a high food value. Today, expansion of planting area of this plant has been highly considered. The presence of weeds in canola fields causes a significant loss in crop yield and quality. So far, the most widely herbicide used to manage weeds is the broad spectrum glyphosate that targets 5 enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) enzyme. In this study, with the aim of identification of new strategies to develop herbicides-resistant plants, Glyphosate Oxidoreductase (gox) and epsps genes under the control of CaMV 35S promoter were transferred to canola seedlings with pBI121 expression vector, to develop new plants with higher herbicide resistance level. Acquired seedlings were screened and then subjected to herbicide resistance bioassay. Molecular analysis of transgenic lines through PCR and RT-PCR showed successful integration and expression of the transgene, respectively. Result showed the higher relative resistance of the transgenic lines expressing two gene cassettes compared to single gene cassette lines. This study suggests that simultaneous application of two different strategies can lead to more glyphosate-resistance to develop new genetically modified crops specifically in oilseed plants such as canola.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://ijpb.ui.ac.ir/article_22782_6c13fb9698f28d6c343f3cae36b83c99.pdfTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2008-8264Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2322-2204Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/fe0aa0e72d444cc98c38fa3794b87c27Test

المؤلفون: N Naqshband, M Askari Hesni

المصدر: سلامت و محیط, Vol 10, Iss 2, Pp 175-186 (2017)

مصطلحات موضوعية: pesticides, glyphosate, cyprinus carpio, blood factors, environmental health, Environmental sciences, GE1-350

الوصف: Background and Objective: Glyphosate is a non-selective, systemic herbicide that can control most plants, but it has harmful effects on organisms, especially aquatic animals. Static bioassays were made to determine acute toxicity of glyphosate and its effects on haematological parameters and behavior changes of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Materials and Methods: Common carp were exposed to different concentrations of glyphosate (5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg/L) and a control group for 96 h. After that, blood and plasma factors were measured in blood samples. Mortality rate and fish behavioral were recorded during the experiments. LC50, LOEC, NOEC and MATC were calculated by Probit software according to mortality rate in any treatment. Results: In the early period of the experiment, fish in toxic media were jumping in water and showed high movements. Then after, the behavior such as breathing in surface, loss of balance, weakness and finally death were observed in the different treatments. LC50 value and 95% confidence limit of glyphosate in 24, 48, 72 and 96 h were 36.09, 30.46, 21.78 and 20.05 mg/L for common carp, respectively. The LOEC, NOEC and MATC were calculated as 6.66, 4.73 and 2.005 mg/L. The Significant changes that were observed in blood factors included RBC, WBC, Hct, Hb and plasma factors such as total protein, glucose, cortisol and other factors when the pesticide concentration was increased (p

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://ijhe.tums.ac.ir/article-1-5847-en.htmlTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2008-2029Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2008-3718Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/a48a5d0ecf574c269e2e328a382fed9cTest

المؤلفون: Mah Laqa Qavami, Amir Mousavi, Ali Hatef Salmanian, Faranak Hadi

المصدر: مجله بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی, Vol 7, Iss 2, Pp 107-120 (2015)

مصطلحات موضوعية: rapeseed, tolerance to herbicide, manipulated epsps, glyphosate, chloroplast signal peptide, Agriculture, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65

الوصف: One of the most effective approaches for weed control is production of glyphosate herbicide tolerant crops. Glyphosate blocks plant growth by inhibiting EPSPS (5- enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase) enzyme which in shikimate pathway for the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids in plants and cause plant death. Manipulation of epsps gene in order to reduce its affinity for glyphosate is one of the best methods for production of glyphosate-tolerant plants. In the previous studies, site-directed mutagenesis was used to confer two point mutations in E. coli epsps gene in order to convert Glycine96 to Alanine (Gly96Ala) and Alanine 183 to Threonine, (Ala183Thr). In this study, mutated epsps gene was fused to the chloroplast signal peptide from B. napus L. epsps gene. Then, the manipulated Ec-epsps gene was cloned in pBI121 as a plant expression vector; Agrobacterium–mediated transformation was used to deliver the recombinant pBI121 in rapeseed cultivar PF-704591. Molecular analyses were used to confirm the presence and expression of the transgene. Bioassay analysis showed that the amount of glyphosate tolerance in transgenic plants was 2 mM, whereas the non-transformed ones were unable to survive in 0.5 mM glyphosate.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://jab.uk.ac.ir/article_1366_44d148f9eff18bf981d6af3da76afeab.pdfTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2228-6705Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2228-6500Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/bc1c06467c584d4b9add445658f50da6Test

المؤلفون: Hojat Karimi jashni, Laleh Novin, Mohammad Poorahmadi

المصدر: فصلنامه دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم, Vol 11, Iss 4, Pp 9-16 (2013)

مصطلحات موضوعية: glyphosate, kidney, rat, Medicine

الوصف: Introduction: Glyphosate is a herbicide with great toxicity, and is more commonly known as 'Roundup' and is formulated as isopropylamine salt. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effects of the herbicide glyphosate on the renal tissue of female rats. Materials and Methods: 50 female rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of control, sham and experimental groups 1, 2, and 3. The three experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 received intraperitoneal glyphosate 50, 100 and 200 mg/ kg body weight daily for 14 days, respectively. Then, the rats were anesthetized and their kidneys were removed and weighted. Tissue section was prepared and studied by light microscope. Urea nitrogen, uric acid and creatinine in the blood were measured. Results: Proximal tubule diameter in groups 2 and 3 compared to that of the sham and control groups and distal tubule diameter in group 2 compared to that of the control group were significantly increased. Urea nitrogen, uric acid and creatinine levels Increased in the Experimental Groups. Other tissue changes such as lymphocytic infiltration, congestion of the kidney and renal cells damage in the experimental group 3 was harder than that of the groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: Glyphosate causes inflammation and damage to the renal tissue. So this herbicide should be handled with caution.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://jmj.jums.ac.ir/article-1-269-en.htmlTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2008-7993Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2008-8442Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/0f549e39711e41bf8f4c0e5fa3c45d1eTest