المؤلفون: Librado, Pablo, Tressières, Gaetan, Chauvey, Lorelei, Fages, Antoine, Khan, Naveed, Schiavinato, Stéphanie, Calvière-Tonasso, Laure, Kusliy, Mariya, Gaunitz, Charleen, Liu, Xuexue, Wagner, Stefanie, Der Sarkissian, Clio, Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Perdereau, Aude, Aury, Jean-Marc, Southon, John, Shapiro, Beth, Bouchez, Olivier, Donnadieu, Cécile, Collin, Yvette Running Horse, Gregersen, Kristian, Jessen, Mads Dengsø, Christensen, Kirsten, Claudi-Hansen, Lone, Pruvost, Mélanie, Pucher, Erich, Vulic, Hrvoje, Novak, Mario, Rimpf, Andrea, Turk, Peter, Reiter, Simone, Brem, Gottfried, Schwall, Christoph, Barrey, Éric, Robert, Céline, Degueurce, Christophe, Horwitz, Liora Kolska, Klassen, Lutz, Rasmussen, Uffe, Kveiborg, Jacob, Johannsen, Niels Nørkjær, Makowiecki, Daniel, Makarowicz, Przemysław, Szeliga, Marcin, Ilchyshyn, Vasyl, Rud, Vitalii, Romaniszyn, Jan, Mullin, Victoria, Verdugo, Marta, Bradley, Daniel, Cardoso, João, Valente, Maria, Antunes, Miguel Telles, Ameen, Carly, Thomas, Richard, Ludwig, Arne, Marzullo, Matilde, Prato, Ornella, Gianni, Giovanna Bagnasco, Tecchiati, Umberto, Granado, José, Schlumbaum, Angela, Deschler-Erb, Sabine, Mráz, Monika Schernig, Boulbes, Nicolas, Gardeisen, Armelle, Mayer, Christian, Döhle, Hans-Jürgen, Vicze, Magdolna, Kosintsev, Pavel, Kyselý, René, Peške, Lubomír, O’connor, Terry, Ananyevskaya, Elina, Shevnina, Irina, Logvin, Andrey, Kovalev, Alexey, Iderkhangai, Tumur-Ochir, Sablin, Mikhail, Dashkovskiy, Petr, Graphodatsky, Alexander, Merts, Ilia, Merts, Viktor, Kasparov, Aleksei, Pitulko, Vladimir, Onar, Vedat, Öztan, Aliye, Arbuckle, Benjamin, Mccoll, Hugh, Renaud, Gabriel, Khaskhanov, Ruslan, Demidenko, Sergey, Kadieva, Anna, Atabiev, Biyaslan, Sundqvist, Marie, Lindgren, Gabriella, López-Cachero, F. Javier, Albizuri, Silvia, Trbojević Vukičević, Tajana, Rapan Papeša, Anita, Burić, Marcel, Rajić Šikanjić, Petra, Weinstock, Jaco, Vilaró, David Asensio, Codina, Ferran, Dalmau, Cristina García, de Llorens, Jordi Morer, Pou, Josep, de Prado, Gabriel, Sanmartí, Joan, Kallala, Nabil, Torres, Joan Ramon, Maraoui-Telmini, Bouthéina, Belarte Franco, Maria-Carme, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, Zazzo, Antoine, Lepetz, Sébastien, Duchesne, Sylvie, Alexeev, Anatoly, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, Houle, Jean-Luc, Bayarkhuu, Noost, Turbat, Tsagaan, Crubézy, Éric, Shingiray, Irina, Mashkour, Marjan, Berezina, Natalia Ya., Korobov, Dmitriy, Belinskiy, Andrey, Kalmykov, Alexey, Demoule, Jean-Paul, Reinhold, Sabine, Hansen, Svend, Wallner, Barbara, Roslyakova, Natalia, Kuznetsov, Pavel, Tishkin, Alexey, Wincker, Patrick, Kanne, Katherine, Outram, Alan, Orlando, Ludovic

المساهمون: Centre d'anthropologie et de génomique de Toulouse (CAGT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Ressources Génomiques Végétales (CNRGV), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage Evry (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Bioinformatique pour la Génomique et la Biodiversité (LBGB), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage Evry (GENOSCOPE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California Irvine (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), University of California Santa Cruz (UC Santa Cruz), Howard Hughes Medical Institute Santa Cruz (HHMI), Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI)-University of California Santa Cruz (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Génome et Transcriptome - Plateforme Génomique ( GeT-PlaGe), Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées Auzeville (GENOTOUL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées Auzeville (GENOTOUL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Natural History Museum of Denmark, Faculty of Science Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

المصدر: ISSN: 0028-0836.

مصطلحات موضوعية: Archaeology, Evolutionary genetics, Population genetics, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]

الوصف: International audience ; Horses revolutionized human history with fast mobility. However, the timeline between their domestication and widespread integration as a means of transportation remains contentious. Here we assemble a large collection of 475 ancient horse genomes to assess the period when these animals were first reshaped by human agency in Eurasia. We find that reproductive control of the modern domestic lineage emerged ~2,200 BCE (Before Common Era), through close kin mating and shortened generation times. Reproductive control emerged following a severe domestication bottleneck starting no earlier than ~2,700 BCE, and coincided with a sudden expansion across Eurasia that ultimately resulted in the replacement of nearly every local horse lineage. This expansion marked the rise of widespread horse-based mobility in human history, which refutes the commonly-held narrative of large horse herds accompanying the massive migration of steppe peoples across Europe ~3,000 BCE and earlier. Finally, we detect significantly shortened generation times at Botai ~3,500 BCE, a settlement from Central Asia associated with corrals and a subsistence economy centered on horses. This supports local horse husbandry before the rise of modern domestic bloodlines.

العلاقة: hal-04607980; https://ut3-toulouseinp.hal.science/hal-04607980Test; https://ut3-toulouseinp.hal.science/hal-04607980/documentTest; https://ut3-toulouseinp.hal.science/hal-04607980/file/Librado_2024.pdfTest

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07597-5Test
https://ut3-toulouseinp.hal.science/hal-04607980Test
https://ut3-toulouseinp.hal.science/hal-04607980/documentTest
https://ut3-toulouseinp.hal.science/hal-04607980/file/Librado_2024.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Pryor, Alexander J.E., Ameen, Carly, Liddiard, Robert, Baker, Gary, Kanne, Katherine S., Milton, J. Andy, Standish, Christopher D., Hambach, Bastian, Orlando, Ludovic, Chauvey, Lorelei, Schiavinato, Stephanie, Calvière-Tonasso, Laure, Tressières, Gaetan, Wagner, Stefanie, Southon, John, Shapiro, Beth, Pipe, Alan, Creighton, Oliver H., Outram, Alan K.

الوصف: This paper reports a high-resolution isotopic study of medieval horse mobility, revealing their origins and in-life mobility both regionally and internationally. The animals were found in an unusual horse cemetery site found within the City of Westminster, London, England. Enamel strontium, oxygen, and carbon isotope analysis of 15 individuals provides information about likely place of birth, diet, and mobility during the first approximately 5 years of life. Results show that at least seven horses originated outside of Britain in relatively cold climates, potentially in Scandinavia or the Western Alps. Ancient DNA sexing data indicate no consistent sex-specific mobility patterning, although three of the five females came from exceptionally highly radiogenic regions. Another female with low mobility is suggested to be a sedentary broodmare. Our results provide direct and unprecedented evidence for a variety of horse movement and trading practices in the Middle Ages and highlight the importance of international trade in securing high-quality horses for medieval London elites.

وصف الملف: text

العلاقة: https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/488657/1/Pryor_et_al_2024_Isotopic_biographies_reveal_horse_rearing_and_trading_networks_in_medieval_London.pdfTest; Pryor, Alexander J.E., Ameen, Carly and Liddiard, Robert , et al. (2024) Isotopic biographies reveal horse rearing and trading networks in medieval London. Science Advances, 10 (12), [eadj5782]. (doi:10.1126/sciadv.adj5782 ).

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adj5782Test
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/488657Test/
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/488657/1/Pryor_et_al_2024_Isotopic_biographies_reveal_horse_rearing_and_trading_networks_in_medieval_London.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Pryor, Alexander J. E., Ameen, Carly, Liddiard, Robert, Baker, Gary, Kanne, Katherine, Milton, J. Andy, Standish, Christopher D., Hambach, Bastian, Orlando, Ludovic, Chauvey, Lorelei, Schiavinato, Stephanie, Calviere-Tonasso, Laure, Tressières, Gaetan, Wagner, Stefanie, Southon, John, Shapiro, Beth, Pipe, Alan, Creighton, Oliver H., Outram, Alan K.

الوصف: This paper reports a high-resolution isotopic study of medieval horse mobility, revealing their origins and in-life mobility both regionally and internationally. The animals were found in an unusual horse cemetery site found within the City of Westminster, London, England. Enamel strontium, oxygen, and carbon isotope analysis of 15 individuals provides information about likely place of birth, diet, and mobility during the first approximately 5 years of life. Results show that at least seven horses originated outside of Britain in relatively cold climates, potentially in Scandinavia or the Western Alps. Ancient DNA sexing data indicate no consistent sex-specific mobility patterning, although three of the five females came from exceptionally highly radiogenic regions. Another female with low mobility is suggested to be a sedentary broodmare. Our results provide direct and unprecedented evidence for a variety of horse movement and trading practices in the Middle Ages and highlight the importance of international trade in securing high-quality horses for medieval London elites.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/94847/1/sciadv.adj5782.pdfTest; Pryor, Alexander J. E., Ameen, Carly, Liddiard, Robert, Baker, Gary, Kanne, Katherine, Milton, J. Andy, Standish, Christopher D., Hambach, Bastian, Orlando, Ludovic, Chauvey, Lorelei, Schiavinato, Stephanie, Calviere-Tonasso, Laure, Tressières, Gaetan, Wagner, Stefanie, Southon, John, Shapiro, Beth, Pipe, Alan, Creighton, Oliver H. and Outram, Alan K. (2024) Isotopic biographies reveal horse rearing and trading networks in medieval London. Science Advances, 10 (12). ISSN 2375-2548

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adj5782Test
https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/94847Test/
https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/94847/1/sciadv.adj5782.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Kanne, Katherine

المصدر: Current Anthropology ; volume 63, issue 3, page 289-329 ; ISSN 0011-3204 1537-5382

مصطلحات موضوعية: Archeology, Anthropology

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1086/720271Test

المؤلفون: Doll Kanne, Katherine Lee

مرشدي الرسالة: Harty, John Thomas

المصدر: Theses and Dissertations.

مصطلحات موضوعية: publicabstract, CD8 T cell, immunity, malaria, Plasmodium, vaccination, Microbiology

الوصف: Infection with Plasmodium species leads to nearly 400,000 deaths a year despite widespread use of mosquito bed nets, insecticides, and anti-malarial drugs. To date, there is not a licensed vaccine capable of providing complete protection from Plasmodium infection to vaccinees. Whole parasite vaccination of humans and rodents can achieve complete protection in vaccines, but the dose of sporozoites, number of administrations, and production concerns in generating these types of vaccines will likely prevent these approaches from achieving worldwide use. However, the protective immunological responses against Plasmodium parasites engendered by these vaccination approaches can be studied and aid in the development of advanced subunit vaccines against Plasmodium. Using rodent models of malaria to elucidate the features of protective immunity engendered by whole parasite vaccination, it has been repeatedly shown that CD8 T cell responses directed against liver-stage parasite antigens can provide complete protection with some contribution by CD4 T cells and antibody responses depending on the model system studied. However, the quantatitive and qualitative requirements for CD8 T cell immunity against Plasmodium remains largely undefined. To enhance our understanding of how to generate protective immunity against Plasmodium, I have utilized rodent models of malaria to study the superior protection afforded from single-dose vaccination with virulent sporozoites administered under prophylatic chloroquine-cover, referred to as chemoprophylaxis sporozoites (CPS) vaccination, compared to the well-studied approach of administering radiation-attenuated Plasmodium sporozoites (RAS). RAS vaccination has long been considered the “gold standard” in vaccination due the ability of RAS vaccination to engender complete protection following sporozoite challenge of vaccinated humans and rodents. However, CPS vaccination is arguably a superior vaccination approach since it can achieve protection through less vaccine administrations relative to RAS vaccination, but the immunological basis of this enhanced CPS vaccine-induced immune response was unclear. In my study, I utilized a stringent host/parasite model to find that C57Bl/6 mice administered CPS vaccination with P. yoelii sporozoites elicit substantially higher parasite-specific CD8 T cell responses than RAS vaccination, but CPS-induced CD8 T cells were not necessary for protection following liver-stage sporozoite or blood-stage parasite challenge. CPS vaccination resulted in a low grade, transient parasitemia shortly following cessation of chloroquine treatment, which lead to the generation of potent antibody responses to blood-stage parasites; this blood-stage parasite-specific antibody response correlated with sterilizing protection in sporozoite challenged CPS-vaccinated mice. Therefore, my data provide a mechanistic basis for enhanced protective immunity elicited by single-dose CPS vaccination in a rodent model that is independent of CD8 T cells. The other portion of my work examines how CD8 T cell specificity impacts protective capacity against Plasmodium. I show that robust CD8 T cell responses of similar phenotype are mounted following prime-boost immunization against three novel Plasmodium berghei protein-derived epitopes in addition to a previously described protective, immunodominant epitope. I show that only CD8 T cells specific to sporozoite surface-expressed protein-derived epitopes, but not the intracellular protein-derived epitopes, are efficiently recognized by sporozoite-infected hepatocytes in vitro. These results suggest that antigenic targets must be efficiently presented by infected hepatocytes for CD8 T cells to eliminate liver-stage Plasmodium infection and proteins expressed on the surface of sporozoites may be good target antigens for protective CD8 T cells. Collectively, my work highlights the ability to generate protective CD8 T cell independent and dependent immunity against Plasmodium infections, whether achieved through potent blood-stage-specific antibody responses, or via numerically large monospecific CD8 T cell responses that target parasite antigens that are efficiently presented during liver-stage infection. These studies are relevant in understanding how to efficiency engender protective immunity against Plasmodium, and could aid in the advancement of subunit vaccination approaches that generate immunity through the priming of responses from multiple arms of the immune response, targeting both the liver- and blood-stages of Plasmodium.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الإتاحة: https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3073Test
https://ir.uiowa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6417&context=etdTest