المؤلفون: LIU Xiaoyu, LU Xuancheng, SHI Xiaomeng, ZHANG Yuzhou, LÜ Chao, CHEN Guoyuan, LU Xiao, BAI Yu, GAO Jing, LI Yao, LIU Yonggang, TAO Yufeng, PANG Wanyong

المصدر: Shiyan dongwu yu bijiao yixue, Vol 43, Iss 4, Pp 446-456 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: animal experiment, arrive 2.0 guidelines, arrive essential 10, experimental animals, experimental procedures, experimental results, Medicine

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.slarc.org.cn/dwyx/CN/10.12300/j.issn.1674-5817.2023.039Test; https://doaj.org/toc/1674-5817Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/3fc70d86cb5c483081dfe6d8463fdefeTest

المؤلفون: 江滄柳, 劉其翰, 雷政融

المساهمون: 航空太空工程研究所

مصطلحات موضوعية: 挾帶床氣化爐, 層流火焰模式, 有限反應速率紊流消散模式, Entrained-bed gasifier, Flamelet Model, FREDM, 本研究採用商用型計算流體力學軟體ANSYS-FLUENT，針對粉煤於挾帶床氣化爐之反應現象，進行不同紊流反應模式之比較及氣化反應模型建置。紊流反應模式比較方面，除了採用非預混平衡模式及非預混層流火焰模式外，還有有限速率之渦流消散模式。和實驗數據比較，平衡模式之出口產物偏向燃燒反應、有限速率之渦流消散模式則偏向氣化反應，而層流火焰模式在出口產物預測上和實驗值較吻合。在化學動力參數方面，水氣轉換反應參數在氣化程序中，扮演著極重要角色。如採用較快速之水氣轉換反應參數，會比採用慢速水氣轉換反應參數，在預測出口產物上失準，且誤差大。操作參數之測試包括：氧碳比、煤種、壓力與含水量，皆可獲得合理之預估結果。, The model development and the investigation of different combustion models for the entrained-bed gasifier have been conducted by CFD software-ANSYS-FLUENT in this study. Three combustion models, i.e., the non-premixed-equilibrium model, non-premixed-flamelet model and finite-rate/eddy-dissipation model (FREDM) were also employed. Comparing to the experimental results, the equilibrium model resulted in more combustion while the FREDM led to stronger gasification. The results by the flamelet model were consistent with the experimental. The investigation of the chemical kinetic parameters indicated that the water gas shift (WGS) reaction was an important factor in the gasification process. Using fast WGS reaction parameters led to inaccurate outlet syngas composition, while consistent results could be obtained by using the slow WGS reactions parameters. Parametric study, O2/C ratio, coal type, pressure and moisture contained, showed reasonable results

العلاقة: http://ir.lib.ncku.edu.tw/handle/987654321/128754Test

الإتاحة: http://ir.lib.ncku.edu.tw/handle/987654321/128754Test

المؤلفون: 曾郁帆

المساهمون: 環境資源管理系, 錢紀銘

مصطلحات موضوعية: This research is mainly to explore the effects of aeration and rectification on hydraulic characteristics of free water surface (FWS) constructed wetlands (CW). The experiment included three stages in this study and the theoretical hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 2.2 d, 1.0 d, 0.5 d, respectively. The aeration rates were 0. 0 L/min, 6.66 L/min, 16.0 L/min, and 32.0 L/min. In addition, the study also discussed the effect of the rectifier on the hydraulic characteristics of FWS CW with artificial aeration. To evaluate the changes of hydraulic characteristics of FWS CW with aeration and rectification, the hydraulic parameters are mainly hydraulic efficiency, extent of short-circuiting, variance, and Residence time distribution (RTD). From the results of the study, a low flow rate (HRT = 2.2 d) and a high aeration rate (= 32.0 L / min) would reduce the actual hydraulic retention time from 2.4 d without aeration to 1.2 d. However, n no significant differences were observed in the experimental conditions of short HRT with different aeration rate. A higher variance of RTD in FWS CW indicated a weaker vortex existed in FWS CW, implying a less influence of vortex on the hydraulics of FWS CW. Based the experimental results, when the flow rate was 90 L/min, a greater variations implied a weaker vortex affecting the hydraulics of FWS CW. When the flow rate increased to 197 L / min and 394 L / min, lower variances demonstrated stronger vortex affecting FWS CW. As for the extent of short-circuiting, it variates between 0 and 1and a smaller one implied a severe short-circuiting flow. When HRT was 2.2 d, the short-circuiting was above 0.6 for different aeration rate, implying that a low flow was not easy to induced worse short-flow conditions. The study also found that when the HRT was 1.0 d, the aeration was 6.7 L / min, the actual hydraulic retention time decreased from 1.0 d to 0.5 d while HRT = 0.5 d and aeration = 6.7 L / min, the actual hydraulic retention time decreased from 0.5 d to 0.2 d. It indicated that the aeration effect will affect the actual hydraulic retention time. As a matter of factor, the actual hydraulic retention time would affect the time of highest tracer concentration. Based on the above discussion, it concluded that the aeration affected the hydraulic characteristics of FWS CW. In the stage C, the extent of short-circuiting distributed between 0.48 and 0.68 while, in the stage D, the range was 0.46-0.53. A lower extent of short-circuiting of stage D indicated that it induced a stronger in short-flow situation without rectification. At high influent flow rates, HRT without a rectifier is compared to those in a rectified FWS CW. The reason is that when there is no rectification

وصف الملف: 102 bytes; text/html

العلاقة: 電子全文公開日期：2021-07-31; 學年度：107，65頁; https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/handle/310902800/33108Test; https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/bitstream/310902800/33108/1/index.htmlTest

الإتاحة: https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/handle/310902800/33108Test
https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/bitstream/310902800/33108/1/index.htmlTest

المؤلفون: 呂芬津

المساهمون: 化粧品應用與管理系, 劉孟春

مصطلحات موضوعية: 指尖藝術風靡全球，美甲商品不斷創新更趨於安全與便利。指甲油的品質的好壞與其流變性質息息相關，適當的流變性能提升指甲油顯色度及易塗抹等性質。然而近年來一般指甲油的溶劑危害報導層出不窮，使得無毒、無刺激性的水性指甲油備受矚目，目前市售水性指甲油多以聚丙烯酸(PAA)做為主成膜劑，而聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(Polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP)也是廣用於化妝品之高分子成膜劑，但未應用於指甲產品上，故本研究選擇以安全性原料─PVP及其共聚物作為成膜劑，且不使用對人體具傷害之有機溶劑，設計穩定的指甲油配方，並藉由流變儀評估樣品之性質。實驗結果顯示： 1.PVP K30適量添加可增加觸變性，但單獨使用無法穩定水性指甲油。 2.增加PVP/VA用量能延長LVE範圍，提升指甲油穩定性，但添加量有閾值，過量則會降低觸變性及黏度。 3.微量PVP K90能增加產品穩定性及觸變性。 4.PVP/DMAPA能使色料均勻分散，但無助於觸變及穩定性質提升。 5.以PVP與PVP/VA為成膜劑之配方可增加指甲油乾燥速度；PVP/DMAPA則會延長成膜乾燥時間。 6.粉體色料以PVP為成膜劑較合適；而PVP/DMAPA較適合添加水溶性色料。, The art of fingertip is popular all over the world, and the innovation of nail products has became safer and more convenient. The quality of nail polish is closely related to its rheological properties. Appropriate rheological properties improve the coloration of the nail polish and ease of application. In recent years, the harm of solvent in nail polish has been reported in an endless stream, which has attracted attention to the non-toxic and non-irritating water-based nail polish attract attention. Currently, the commercially available water-based nail polish mostly uses polyacrylic acid as the main film-forming agent. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is also a film-forming agent which widely used in cosmetics, but it has not been applied to nail products. Therefore, this study uses safe raw materials, PVP and its copolymers as film-forming agents, without using organic solvents that is harmful to the human. The properties of each sample were evaluated by the rheometer to test thixotropy, strain sweep, and frequency sweep, etc. The experimental results show as following: 1. Appropriately adding PVP K30 can increase thixotropy, but alone cannot stabilize the water-based nail polish formula. 2. Increasing the amount of PVP/VA can extend the LVE range and improve the stability of the nail polish, but the threshold value has been demonstrated. Extensive adding will reduce the thixotropic and viscosity. 3. A small amount of PVP K90 can improve the final product stability and thixotropy. 4. PVP/DMAPA can evenly disperse the pigment, but there is no significant improvement in thixotropic and stability properties. 5. The formulation using PVP or PVP/VA as a film former can increase the drying speed of nail polish, whereas PVP/DMAPA will increase the film drying time. 6. PVP formula should use only in powder pigment, and the PVP/DMAPA is more suitable for water-soluble dyestuff., 指甲油, 流變, PVP, Nail polish, Rheology

وصف الملف: 102 bytes; text/html

العلاقة: 電子全文公開日期：2023-06-25; 學年度：107，90頁; https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/handle/310902800/33087Test; https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/bitstream/310902800/33087/1/index.htmlTest

الإتاحة: https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/handle/310902800/33087Test
https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/bitstream/310902800/33087/1/index.htmlTest