المؤلفون: Waters, Ryan¹, Ludi, Anna B.¹ anna.ludi@pirbright.ac.uk, Fowler, Veronica L.¹, Wilsden, Ginette¹, Browning, Clare¹, Gubbins, Simon¹, Statham, Bob¹, Bin-Tarif, Abdelghani¹, Mioulet, Valerie¹, King, David J.¹, Colenutt, Claire¹, Brown, Emma¹, Hudelet, Pascal², King, Donald P.¹

المصدر: Vaccine. Mar2018, Vol. 36 Issue 14, p1901-1907. 7p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *FOOT & mouth disease vaccines, *TREATMENT of foot & mouth disease, *FOOT & mouth disease prevention, *PUBLIC health, *CATTLE disease prevention, *CATTLE vaccination

مصطلحات جغرافية: MIDDLE East

مستخلص: In 2015, outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in the Middle East were discovered to be caused by a viral lineage (A/ASIA/G-VII), which has recently emerged from the Indian sub-continent. In vitro vaccine matching data generated by the World Reference Laboratory (WRLFMD) indicated that A/ASIA/G-VII field viruses were poorly matched with vaccines (A-SAU-95, A22 IRQ and A-IRN-05) that are already used in the region. In order to assess the likely performance of one of these commercially available FMD vaccines, sixteen cattle were vaccinated with a polyvalent vaccine which contained two serotype A components (A-SAU-95 and A-IRN-05) with a homologous potency of at least 6PD 50 , and two cattle were left unvaccinated as controls. Twenty-one days later, all 18 cattle were challenged by tongue inoculation with an FMDV field isolate A/IRN/22/2015 from the A/ASIA/G-VII lineage, in line with the European Pharmacopeia PPG test conditions. The two control animals developed generalised FMD, and 7/16 vaccinated animals developed at least one foot lesion, thus only 56.3% were defined as protected. For the vaccine components, there was a significant increase in the probability of protection with increasing serological titres for A-SAU-95 (p = 0.03), but not for A-IRN-05 (p = 0.42). Analysis of FMDV in blood and nasal swabs suggested that vaccination reduced shedding and potential onward spread of FMD virus even if the animal developed foot lesions. In summary, the results from this study suggest that whilst this vaccine would not be appropriate for use in an emergency situation (in previously FMD-free countries), it may be partially effective in the field in endemic countries where repeat prophylactic vaccination is practiced. For emergency reactive vaccination, the findings from this study support the idea that a new vaccine strain should be developed that is tailored to the A/ASIA/G-VII lineage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Childs, Kay¹ (AUTHOR), Harvey, Yongjie¹ (AUTHOR), Waters, Ryan¹ (AUTHOR), Woma, Timothy¹ (AUTHOR), Wilsden, Ginette¹ (AUTHOR), Sun, Hualu² (AUTHOR), Sun, Peng² (AUTHOR), Seago, Julian¹ (AUTHOR) julian.seago@pirbright.ac.uk

المصدر: Vaccine. Oct2023, Vol. 41 Issue 44, p6572-6578. 7p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *FOOT & mouth disease, *VIRAL vaccines, *ANTIBODY titer, *VACCINES, *COMMUNICABLE diseases, *PLANT protection

مصطلحات جغرافية: EAST Africa

مستخلص: • Efficacious quadrivalent foot-and-mouth disease vaccine for East Africa. • Recombinant chimeric foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine. • Foot-and-mouth disease vaccine gives cross-protection against East African strains. Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease of livestock which is prevalent across Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and South America where it has a severe economic impact on the agriculture industry. Vaccination with inactivated viral vaccines is used as the main control measure in these endemic regions of the world, however the presence of multiple serotypes, subtypes, and the continual emergence of new, antigenically divergent strains limits its effectiveness. East Africa (EA) has been identified as a region that would particularly benefit from updated FMD vaccines, since those currently in use contain older strains which do not provide good protection against contemporary strains. Four serotypes are currently circulating in EA, necessitating the development of a quadrivalent vaccine containing representative strains of each serotype. A key consideration in the selection of vaccine strains is the stability of the virus particle, since the capsids readily dissociate on exposure to elevated temperatures, but only intact capsids induce protective immunity to FMD. Therefore, with a view to producing a more stable, updated quadrivalent vaccine for EA, we recently screened a panel of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) isolates from the region to select strains with naturally higher thermostabilities and confirmed their immunogenicity in cattle. Herein we describe the formulation and serological assessment of wild-type and recombinant quadrivalent vaccine candidates comprising these stable strains, and demonstrate that both vaccines generate high neutralising antibody titres against the homologous strains and also to heterologous strains from EA. Importantly, the vaccine passed the criteria set by the AgResults vaccine challenge project and offers good cross-protection against a panel of regional FMDV strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]