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1دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Stéphanie Watier-Grillot, Sébastien Larréché, Christelle Mazuet, Frédéric Baudouin, Cécile Feraudet-Tarisse, Lise Holterbach, Aïssata Dia, Christelle Tong, Laure Bourget, Sophie Hery, Emmanuel Pottier, Olivier Bouilland, Marc Tanti, Audrey Merens, Stéphanie Simon, Laure Diancourt, Aurélie Chesnay, Vincent Pommier de Santi
المصدر: Toxins, Vol 15, Iss 7, p 457 (2023)
مصطلحات موضوعية: foodborne outbreak, Phaseolus vulgaris, red kidney bean, lectin, phytohaemagglutinin, toxin, Medicine
الوصف: On 6 July 2018, the Center for Epidemiology and Public Health of the French Armed Forces was informed of an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis among customers of a dining facility at a military base in Brittany, France. A total of 200 patients were reported out of a population of 1700 (attack rate: 12%). The symptoms were mainly lower digestive tract disorders and occurred rapidly after lunch on 5 July (median incubation period: 3.3 h), suggesting a toxin-like pathogenic process. A case–control survey was carried out (92 cases and 113 controls). Statistical analysis pointed to the chili con carne served at lunch on 5 July as the very likely source of poisoning. Phytohaemagglutinin, a plant lectin, was found in the chili con carne at a concentration above the potentially toxic dose (400 HAU/gram). The raw kidney beans incorporated in the chili con carne presented a high haemagglutination activity (66,667 HAU/gram). They were undercooked, and the phytohaemagglutinin was not completely destroyed. FBDOs due to PHA are poorly documented. This study highlights the need to develop methods for routine testing of plant toxins in food matrices. Improved diagnostic capabilities would likely lead to better documentation, epidemiology, and prevention of food-borne illnesses caused by plant toxins.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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2دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Eric Ezan, Stéphanie Simon
المصدر: Toxins, Vol 14, Iss 5, p 363 (2022)
الوصف: This Special Issue aims to provide an up-to-date investigation and reviews linked to antibody-based technologies for medical countermeasures and detection/diagnosis tools for toxins [...]
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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3دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Donatien Lefebvre, Kevin Blanco-Valle, Jacques-Antoine Hennekinne, Stéphanie Simon, François Fenaille, François Becher, Yacine Nia
المصدر: Toxins, Vol 14, Iss 4, p 249 (2022)
مصطلحات موضوعية: coagulase-positive staphylococci, staphylococcal enterotoxins, mass spectrometry, signature peptides, Medicine
الوصف: Staphylococcal food poisoning outbreaks are caused by the ingestion of food contaminated with staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs). Among the 27 SEs described in the literature to date, only a few can be detected using immuno-enzymatic-based methods that are strongly dependent on the availability of antibodies. Liquid chromatography, coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS), has, therefore, been put forward as a relevant complementary method, but only for the detection of a limited number of enterotoxins. In this work, LC-HRMS was developed for the detection and quantification of 24 SEs. A database of 93 specific signature peptides and LC-HRMS parameters was optimized using sequences from 24 SEs, including their 162 variants. A label-free quantification protocol was established to overcome the absence of calibration standards. The LC-HRMS method showed high performance in terms of specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy when applied to 49 enterotoxin-producing strains. SE concentrations measured depended on both SE type and the coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) strain. This study indicates that LC-MS is a relevant alternative and complementary tool to ELISA methods. The advantages of LC-MS clearly lie in both the multiplex analysis of a large number of SEs, and the automated analysis of a high number of samples.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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4دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Thea Neumann, Maren Krüger, Jasmin Weisemann, Stefan Mahrhold, Daniel Stern, Martin B. Dorner, Cécile Feraudet-Tarisse, Christopher Pöhlmann, Katharina Schulz, Ute Messelhäußer, Dagmar Rimek, Frank Gessler, Thomas Elßner, Stéphanie Simon, Andreas Rummel, Brigitte G. Dorner
المصدر: Toxins, Vol 13, Iss 4, p 266 (2021)
مصطلحات موضوعية: C. perfringens enterotoxin CPE, Clostridium perfringens, monoclonal antibodies, receptor claudin-4, stationary lab-based detection, mobile on-site detection, Medicine
الوصف: Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) regularly causes food poisoning and antibiotic-associated diarrhea; therefore, reliable toxin detection is crucial. To this aim, we explored stationary and mobile strategies to detect CPE either exclusively by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or, alternatively, by toxin-enrichment via the cellular receptor of CPE, claudin-4, and mAb detection. Among the newly generated mAbs, we identified nine CPE-specific mAbs targeting five distinct epitopes, among them mAbs recognizing CPE bound to claudin-4 or neutralizing CPE activity in vitro. In surface plasmon resonance experiments, all mAbs and claudin-4 revealed excellent affinities towards CPE, ranging from 0.05 to 2.3 nM. Integrated into sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), the most sensitive mAb/mAb and claudin-4/mAb combinations achieved similar detection limits of 0.3 pg/mL and 1.0 pg/mL, respectively, specifically detecting recombinant CPE from spiked feces and native CPE from 30 different C. perfringens culture supernatants. The implementation of mAb- and receptor-based ELISAs into a mobile detection platform enabled the fast detection of CPE, which will be helpful in clinical laboratories to diagnose diarrhea of assumed bacterial origin. In conclusion, we successfully employed an endogenous receptor and novel high affinity mAbs for highly sensitive and specific CPE-detection. These tools will be useful for both basic and applied research.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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5دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Sylvia Worbs, Bettina Kampa, Martin Skiba, Eva-Maria Hansbauer, Daniel Stern, Hervé Volland, François Becher, Stéphanie Simon, Martin B. Dorner, Brigitte G. Dorner
المصدر: Toxins, Vol 13, Iss 4, p 284 (2021)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Abrin, Abrus precatorius, monoclonal antibodies, ELISA, mass spectrometry, lateral flow assay, Medicine
الوصف: Abrin, the toxic lectin from the rosary pea plant Abrus precatorius, has gained considerable interest in the recent past due to its potential malevolent use. However, reliable and easy-to-use assays for the detection and discrimination of abrin from related plant proteins such as Abrus precatorius agglutinin or the homologous toxin ricin from Ricinus communis are sparse. To address this gap, a panel of highly specific monoclonal antibodies was generated against abrin and the related Abrus precatorius agglutinin. These antibodies were used to establish two sandwich ELISAs to preferentially detect abrin or A. precatorius agglutinin (limit of detection 22 pg/mL for abrin; 35 pg/mL for A. precatorius agglutinin). Furthermore, an abrin-specific lateral flow assay was developed for rapid on-site detection (limit of detection ~1 ng/mL abrin). Assays were validated for complex food, environmental and clinical matrices illustrating broad applicability in different threat scenarios. Additionally, the antibodies turned out to be suitable for immuno-enrichment strategies in combination with mass spectrometry-based approaches for unambiguous identification. Finally, we were able to demonstrate for the first time how the developed assays can be applied to detect, identify and quantify abrin from a clinical sample derived from an attempted suicide case involving A. precatorius.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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6دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Cécile Féraudet Tarisse, Céline Goulard-Huet, Yacine Nia, Karine Devilliers, Dominique Marcé, Chloé Dambrune, Donatien Lefebvre, Jacques-Antoine Hennekinne, Stéphanie Simon
المصدر: Toxins, Vol 13, Iss 2, p 130 (2021)
مصطلحات موضوعية: staphylococcal enterotoxins, monoclonal antibody, enzyme immunoassay, lateral flow immunoassay, Medicine
الوصف: Staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) is one of the most common foodborne diseases worldwide, resulting from the ingestion of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs), primarily SE type A (SEA), which is produced in food by enterotoxigenic strains of staphylococci, mainly S. aureus. Since newly identified SEs have been shown to have emetic properties and the genes encoding them have been found in food involved in poisoning outbreaks, it is necessary to have reliable tools to prove the presence of the toxins themselves, to clarify the role played by these non-classical SEs, and to precisely document SFP outbreaks. We have produced and characterized monoclonal antibodies directed specifically against SE type G, H or I (SEG, SEH or SEI respectively) or SEA. With these antibodies, we have developed, for each of these four targets, highly sensitive, specific, and reliable 3-h sandwich enzyme immunoassays that we evaluated for their suitability for SE detection in different matrices (bacterial cultures of S. aureus, contaminated food, human samples) for different purposes (strain characterization, food safety, biological threat detection, diagnosis). We also initiated and described for the first time the development of monoplex and quintuplex (SEA, SE type B (SEB), SEG, SEH, and SEI) lateral flow immunoassays for these new staphylococcal enterotoxins. The detection limits in buffer were under 10 pg/mL (0.4 pM) by enzyme immunoassays and at least 300 pg/mL (11 pM) by immunochromatography for all target toxins with no cross-reactivity observed. Spiking studies and/or bacterial supernatant analysis demonstrated the applicability of the developed methods, which could become reliable detection tools for the routine investigation of SEG, SEH, and SEI.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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7دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Sandrine Livet, Sylvia Worbs, Hervé Volland, Stéphanie Simon, Martin B. Dorner, François Fenaille, Brigitte G. Dorner, François Becher
المصدر: Toxins, Vol 13, Iss 1, p 52 (2021)
مصطلحات موضوعية: abrin, MALDI-TOF, mass spectrometry, immunoaffinity, quantification, food matrices, Medicine
الوصف: The toxin abrin found in the seeds of Abrus precatorius has attracted much attention regarding criminal and terroristic misuse over the past decade. Progress in analytical methods for a rapid and unambiguous identification of low abrin concentrations in complex matrices is essential. Here, we report on the development and evaluation of a MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry approach for the fast, sensitive and robust abrin isolectin identification, differentiation and quantification in complex food matrices. The method combines immunoaffinity-enrichment with specific abrin antibodies, accelerated trypsin digestion and the subsequent MALDI-TOF analysis of abrin peptides using labeled peptides for quantification purposes. Following the optimization of the workflow, common and isoform-specific peptides were detected resulting in a ~38% sequence coverage of abrin when testing ng-amounts of the toxin. The lower limit of detection was established at 40 ng/mL in milk and apple juice. Isotope-labeled versions of abundant peptides with high ionization efficiency were added. The quantitative evaluation demonstrated an assay variability at or below 22% with a linear range up to 800 ng/mL. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry allows for a simple and fast (
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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8دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Maria Lucia Orsini Delgado, Arnaud Avril, Julie Prigent, Julie Dano, Audrey Rouaix, Sylvia Worbs, Brigitte G. Dorner, Clémence Rougeaux, François Becher, François Fenaille, Sandrine Livet, Hervé Volland, Jean-Nicolas Tournier, Stéphanie Simon
المصدر: Toxins, Vol 13, Iss 2, p 100 (2021)
مصطلحات موضوعية: ricin, neutralizing antibodies, recombinant antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, ricin isoforms, Ricinus communis cultivars, Medicine
الوصف: Ricin, a highly toxic protein from Ricinus communis, is considered a potential biowarfare agent. Despite the many data available, no specific treatment has yet been approved. Due to their ability to provide immediate protection, antibodies (Abs) are an approach of choice. However, their high specificity might compromise their capacity to protect against the different ricin isoforms (D and E) found in the different cultivars. In previous work, we have shown the neutralizing potential of different Abs (43RCA-G1 (anti ricin A-chain) and RB34 and RB37 (anti ricin B-chain)) against ricin D. In this study, we evaluated their protective capacity against both ricin isoforms. We show that: (i) RB34 and RB37 recognize exclusively ricin D, whereas 43RCA-G1 recognizes both isoforms, (ii) their neutralizing capacity in vitro varies depending on the cultivar, and (iii) there is a synergistic effect when combining RB34 and 43RCA-G1. This effect is also demonstrated in vivo in a mouse model of intranasal intoxication with ricin D/E (1:1), where approximately 60% and 40% of mice treated 0 and 6 h after intoxication, respectively, are protected. Our results highlight the importance of evaluating the effectiveness of the Abs against different ricin isoforms to identify the treatment with the broadest spectrum neutralizing effect.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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9دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Stéphanie Simon, Uwe Fiebig, Yvonne Liu, Rob Tierney, Julie Dano, Sylvia Worbs, Tanja Endermann, Marie-Claire Nevers, Hervé Volland, Dorothea Sesardic, Martin B. Dorner
المصدر: Toxins, Vol 7, Iss 12, Pp 5011-5034 (2015)
مصطلحات موضوعية: proficiency test, botulinum neurotoxin, Clostridium botulinum, immunological detection, ELISA, lateral flow immunoassay, endopeptidase, antibodies, matrices, Medicine
الوصف: Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) cause the life-threatening neurological illness botulism in humans and animals and are divided into seven serotypes (BoNT/A–G), of which serotypes A, B, E, and F cause the disease in humans. BoNTs are classified as “category A” bioterrorism threat agents and are relevant in the context of the Biological Weapons Convention. An international proficiency test (PT) was conducted to evaluate detection, quantification and discrimination capabilities of 23 expert laboratories from the health, food and security areas. Here we describe three immunological strategies that proved to be successful for the detection and quantification of BoNT/A, B, and E considering the restricted sample volume (1 mL) distributed. To analyze the samples qualitatively and quantitatively, the first strategy was based on sensitive immunoenzymatic and immunochromatographic assays for fast qualitative and quantitative analyses. In the second approach, a bead-based suspension array was used for screening followed by conventional ELISA for quantification. In the third approach, an ELISA plate format assay was used for serotype specific immunodetection of BoNT-cleaved substrates, detecting the activity of the light chain, rather than the toxin protein. The results provide guidance for further steps in quality assurance and highlight problems to address in the future.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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10دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Stéphanie Simon, Sylvia Worbs, Marc-André Avondet, Dobryan M. Tracz, Julie Dano, Lisa Schmidt, Hervé Volland, Brigitte G. Dorner, Cindi R. Corbett
المصدر: Toxins, Vol 7, Iss 12, Pp 4967-4986 (2015)
مصطلحات موضوعية: ricin, immunological detection, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, lateral flow assay, proficiency test, Medicine
الوصف: Ricin, a toxin from the plant Ricinus communis, is one of the most toxic biological agents known. Due to its availability, toxicity, ease of production and absence of curative treatments, ricin has been classified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as category B biological weapon and it is scheduled as a List 1 compound in the Chemical Weapons Convention. An international proficiency test (PT) was conducted to evaluate detection and quantification capabilities of 17 expert laboratories. In this exercise one goal was to analyse the laboratories’ capacity to detect and differentiate ricin and the less toxic, but highly homologuous protein R. communis agglutinin (RCA120). Six analytical strategies are presented in this paper based on immunological assays (four immunoenzymatic assays and two immunochromatographic tests). Using these immunological methods “dangerous” samples containing ricin and/or RCA120 were successfully identified. Based on different antibodies used the detection and quantification of ricin and RCA120 was successful. The ricin PT highlighted the performance of different immunological approaches that are exemplarily recommended for highly sensitive and precise quantification of ricin.
وصف الملف: electronic resource
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