المؤلفون: Yusuke Imamura, Hideo Fujita, Yoshiyuki Morishita, Koichi Yuri, Kenji Matsumoto, Naoyuki Kimura, Yosuke Taniguchi, Akio Matsuda, Yohei Nomura, Daijiro Hori, Akinori Aomatsu, Atsushi Yamaguchi

المصدر: The American Journal of Cardiology. 128:35-44

مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Transcatheter aortic, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Leukocyte Counts, Creatine, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement, Leukocyte Count, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Aortic valve replacement, Internal medicine, medicine, Creatine Kinase, MB Form, Humans, Aspartate Aminotransferases, Hospital Mortality, Perioperative Period, Creatine Kinase, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, biology, business.industry, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Aortic Valve Stenosis, Perioperative, medicine.disease, Stenosis, chemistry, Case-Control Studies, biology.protein, Cardiology, Cytokines, Female, Creatine kinase, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business

الوصف: The immune response after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in comparison to that after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) remains to be fully elucidated. In a 2-part study, we assessed laboratory data obtained before, immediately after, and 24 and 48 hours after SAVR (128 patients; age ≥80 [mean 82] years) or transfemoral TAVI (102 patients; age ≥80 [mean 86] years) performed for aortic stenosis. In-hospital mortalities were similar (3% vs 0%), but leukocyte counts and aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinas concentrations were decreased immediately and 24 hours after surgery (all, p0.001). We performed cytokine profiling in a SAVR group (11 patients; mean age, 77 years) and transfemoral TAVI group (12 patients; mean age, 84 years). By measuring normalized concentrations of 71 cytokines at 3 time points, we found a significant difference (defined as fold change1.7 and p0.05 [by Mann-Whitney U-test]) in 23 cytokines. The differentially expressed cytokines fell into 3 hierarchical clusters: cluster A (high increase after SAVR and suppressed increase after TAVI only immediately after surgery [CCL2, CCL4, and 2 others]), cluster B (high increase after SAVR and suppressed increase after TAVI at 2 time points [IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and 5 others]), and cluster C (various patterns [TRAIL, CCL11, and 8 others]). Gene enrichment analysis identified multiple pathways associated with the inflammatory responses in SAVR and altered responses in TAVI, including cellular responses to tumor necrosis factor (p = 0.0035) and interleukin-1 (p = 0.0062). In conclusion, a robust inflammatory response follows SAVR, and a comparatively attenuated response follows TAVI.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::bed7d5ec012f195f3459adbb58fcd347Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.04.037Test

المؤلفون: Ami Shinfeld, Ilan Bank, Erez Kachel, Victor Guetta, Avi Livneh, Shomron Ben-Horin

المصدر: The American Journal of Cardiology. 99:1294-1297

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pleural effusion, medicine.medical_treatment, Pericardial Effusion, Leukocyte Count, Acute pericarditis, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, Ascites, medicine, Humans, Blood test, Aged, Retrospective Studies, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Pericardial fluid, Pericardiocentesis, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Treatment Outcome, ROC Curve, Effusion, Predictive value of tests, Cardiology, Female, Radiology, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Follow-Up Studies

الوصف: In contrast to pleural effusion or ascites, there are few data regarding the chemical and cell-count parameters of pericardial effusions (PEs) to aid diagnosis. In the present work, all patients who underwent pericardiocentesis during a 9-year period (1995 to 2004) at a tertiary hospital and who had available fluid laboratory results were retrospectively identified. Causes of PE were diagnosed using predetermined criteria. The results of pericardial fluid biochemical and hematologic tests were compared with blood test results and analyzed to identify cut-off points that could distinguish among the various causes or among various groups of causes. Of 173 patients who underwent pericardiocentesis in the study period, 120 had available fluid laboratory results, and these patients constituted the study population. The most common causes of PE were neoplastic, idiopathic, and effusion related to acute pericarditis (accounting for 42, 22, and 17 of 120 patients, respectively). Most fluids (118 of 120) would have been classified as exudates by adopting Light's pleural effusion criteria. Moreover, in all parameters examined, there was a considerable overlap of test results among the different pericardial disorders. Thus, no biochemical or cell-count parameter was found useful at reasonable accuracy for differentiating among the individual causes or among various groups of pericardial disorders. In conclusion, most PEs are exudates. The analysis of pericardial fluid biochemical and cell-count composition is generally not helpful for the diagnosis of most PEs.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::4efcf2223e28b8fa0c80fe14c1aceaabTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2006.12.048Test

المؤلفون: Elisabeth Fantini, Alain Grynberg, Pierre Athias, Emmanuelle Sentex, Luc Demaison

المصدر: The American Journal of Cardiology. 76:31B-37B

مصطلحات موضوعية: Pyruvate decarboxylation, medicine.medical_specialty, Heart Ventricles, Trimetazidine, In Vitro Techniques, Mitochondria, Heart, Contractility, chemistry.chemical_compound, Oxygen Consumption, Lactate dehydrogenase, Internal medicine, Respiration, medicine, Animals, Ventricular Function, Cells, Cultured, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, Fatty acid metabolism, Adenine Nucleotides, business.industry, Myocardial Contraction, Cell Hypoxia, Rats, Endocrinology, Mechanism of action, chemistry, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Adenosine triphosphate, medicine.drug

الوصف: The mechanism of action of the antianginal trimetazidine (TMZ) remains largely unknown. In cultured rat ventricular myocytes in physiologic conditions, TMZ (5 × 10 −4 M ) reduced the plateau potential level, the upstroke velocity, and the spontaneous action potential rate. When the cardiomyocytes were submitted to hypoxia (150 or 240 minutes) in a glucose-free medium, treatment with TMZ largely prevented the hypoxia-induced electromechanical alterations, i.e., the decrease in plateau amplitude, in resting membrane potential, in action potential duration, in rate, and in contractility. No hypoxiainduced arrhythmia was observed in the TMZ-treated cells. Moreover, the lactate dehydrogenase leakage was significantly reduced in the TMZ-treated cardiomyocytes (−58% and −36%, after 150 and 240 minutes of hypoxia, respectively). The drug was not efficient in reducing the hypoxiainduced decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content. The cellular ATP content was slightly lower in the TMZ-treated cells in normoxic conditions and in hypoxic conditions, but only in the glucose-free medium. To investigate further the relation between TMZ and energy metabolism, the respiration parameters were measured in heart mitochondria isolated from control and TMZ-treated rats (6 mg/kg/day, 7 days) with different substrates. This treatment resulted in a slight alteration of pyruvate oxidation, which was observed in the absence and in the presence of TMZ (10 −4 M ) in the respiration medium. Conversely, a potent inhibition of palmitoylcamitine oxidation was measured when TMZ was added to the respiration medium. Neither pretreatment of the rats, nor addition of TMZ to the medium affected the oxidation of glutamate or citrate. In conclusion, pretreatment of ventricular myocytes with TMZ resulted in an increased cell resistance to hypoxic stress, as was evident from electromechanical functions and lactate dehydrogenase leakage. This cytoprotective action of TMZ could be related to an effect of the drug in the fatty acid metabolism.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::eae293594e6a2bb8af997a51229da2caTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9149Test(99)80459-7

المؤلفون: Freek W.A. Verheugt, Arnoud van der Laarse, Tjebbe W. Galema, Jan P. Roos, Albert J. Funke-Küpper, Luc G.W. Sterkman

المصدر: The American Journal of Cardiology. 66:267-270

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Myocardial Infarction, Anterior wall, Placebo, Drug Administration Schedule, chemistry.chemical_compound, Recurrence, Internal medicine, Lactate dehydrogenase, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Myocardial infarction, Aged, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Aged, 80 and over, Chemotherapy, Aspirin, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, business.industry, Liter, Middle Aged, Infarct size, medicine.disease, Survival Rate, chemistry, Anesthesia, Cardiology, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Follow-Up Studies, medicine.drug

الوصف: Recently, it was shown that aspirin given early in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) improves hospital survival, but the mechanisms involved are unclear. In a prospective, randomized placebo-controlled trial, the influence of early intervention with low-dose aspirin (100 mg/day) on infarct size and clinical outcome was studied in 100 consecutive patients with first anterior wall AMI. Infarct size was calculated by cumulative lactate dehydrogenase release in the first 72 hours after admission and was found to be (mean +/- standard deviation) 1,431 +/- 782 U/liter in the aspirin group (n = 50) and 1,592 +/- 1,082 U/liter in the placebo group (n = 50, p = 0.35). The study medication was given for 3 months, during which mortality was 10 (20%) in the aspirin patients and 12 (24%) in the placebo patients (p = 0.65). However, reinfarction occurred in 2 patients (4%) in the aspirin group and in 9 (18%) in the placebo group (p less than 0.03). Early intervention with low-dose aspirin showed, in comparison to placebo, a 10% decrease of infarct size, but this difference was not statistically significant. However, early low-dose aspirin effectively decreased the risk of reinfarction. Therefore, the favor able results of early aspirin on mortality in acute myocardial infarction are probably due more to prevention of reinfarction than to decrease of infarct size.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::95ff376863c07687e6ba5834a1684140Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149Test(90)90833-m

المؤلفون: Heinz-Peter Schultheiss

المصدر: The American Journal of Cardiology. 65:74-81

مصطلحات موضوعية: Cardiomyopathy, Dilated, medicine.medical_specialty, Hemodynamics, Blood Pressure, chemistry.chemical_compound, Adenosine Triphosphate, Oxygen Consumption, Enalapril, Internal medicine, Lactate dehydrogenase, medicine, Humans, Cardiac Output, Heart Failure, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, biology, business.industry, Myocardium, Angiotensin-converting enzyme, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Adenosine Diphosphate, Isoenzymes, Adenosine diphosphate, Endocrinology, chemistry, Enzyme inhibitor, Heart failure, biology.protein, Cardiology, Female, Energy Metabolism, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Adenosine triphosphate, medicine.drug

الوصف: There is substantial evidence that the failing heart is in an energy-depleted state. The imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand might be the cause for adaptive metabolic changes seen in patients with severe chronic heart failure. By analyzing the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzyme pattern, an increase of LDH5 and a decrease of LDH1 was seen in myocardium from patients with chronic heart failure. Additionally, the concentration of the adenosine diphosphate (ADP)/adenosine triphosphate (ATP) carrier was significantly elevated. After treatment with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril in 33 patients with chronic heart failure, LDH1 increased from 38.7 +/- 6.7 to 42.3 +/- 5.5 (p less than 0.005), paralleled by a decrease in LDH5 from 20.8 +/- 7.0 to 15.8 +/- 4.7 (p less than 0.001). The ADP/ATP carrier concentration also decreased significantly within the normal range. There was a good correlation between the hemodynamic data and the LDH isoenzyme pattern. The shift of the LDH isoenzyme pattern and the decrease of the ADP/ATP concentration can be taken as an indication for an improvement of the myocardial energy balance in chronic heart failure with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::4932729b826ed8bac245c182cd8c60c6Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149Test(90)90965-4

المؤلفون: Keith Veitch, Liliane Maisin, Louis Hue

المصدر: The American Journal of Cardiology. 76:25B-30B

مصطلحات موضوعية: chemistry.chemical_classification, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Ischemia, Trimetazidine, Mitochondrion, Reductase, Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Enzyme, chemistry, Lactate dehydrogenase, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Oxidative stress, medicine.drug

الوصف: Trimetazidine (TMZ) is an anti-ischemic compound whose precise mode of action is unknown, although several studies have suggested a metabolic effect, and there have been reports of protection of mitochondria against oxidative stress damage. Using a Langendorff rat heart model, we examined the effects of TMZ on the mitochondrial damage following 30 minutes of ischemia and 5 minutes of reperfusion. Mitochondrial respiration with succinate, glutamate-malate and ascorbate-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylphenylenediamine (TMPD) as substrates was significantly decreased following ischemia-reperfusion. Preperfusion with 10(-5) M TMZ had no effect on these rates in normoxic or ischemic hearts. However, 10(-3) M TMZ significantly decreased the glutamate-malate rate in mitochondria from normoxic hearts, and this rate was not further decreased following ischemia-reperfusion, and 10(-3) M TMZ also partially protected ascorbate-TMPD activity. The effect on glutamate-malate was probably due to an inhibition of complex I by TMZ, which specifically inhibited reduced nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide-cytochrome c reductase and complex I in lysed mitochondria. We also studied the effects of TMZ on the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) in normoxic and ischemic hearts perfused with 0.5 mM palmitate, which caused the enzyme to be almost completely inactivated. After short periods of ischemia (10-20 minutes) the PDH inactivation by palmitate was progressively lost. Preperfusion with 10(-5) M TMZ had a tendency to decrease lactate dehydrogenase release, accompanied by a maintenance of the inhibition of PDH by palmitate. This may allow the heart to oxidize fatty acids preferentially during reperfusion, hence removing possible toxic acyl esters.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::8393c49df2685560fb97ea88a83e9d27Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9149Test(99)80458-5

المؤلفون: Pinhas Sareli, Daniel Skudicky, Mohammed R. Essop, John Skoularigis, Shirley Middlemost

المصدر: The American Journal of Cardiology. 71:587-591

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Aortic valve, medicine.medical_specialty, Reticulocytes, Anemia, macromolecular substances, Prosthesis Design, Hemolysis, Hemoglobins, Internal medicine, Mitral valve, medicine, Animals, Humans, Schistosomiasis, Risk factor, Subclinical infection, Haptoglobins, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Schistocyte, medicine.anatomical_structure, Aortic Valve, Heart Valve Prosthesis, Erythrocyte Count, Cardiology, Mitral Valve, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Complication, business

الوصف: Intravascular hemolysis occurs often in patients with mechanical heart valve prostheses, but in most cases is of mild degree and subclinical. The severity of hemolysis is reported to be related to the type, position and size of prostheses used, as well as the presence of valve malfunction. Hemolysis was evaluated in 170 patients with St. Jude Medical (SJM) and 80 patients with Medtronic Hall (MH) prostheses, with normal mechanical function. The presence and severity of hemolysis was assessed on the basis of serum lactic dehydrogenase, serum haptoglobin, blood hemoglobin and reticulocyte levels as well as the presence of schistocytes. Overall, patients with SJM prostheses had greater frequency (51.2 vs 18.7%, p < 0.005) and severity (p < 0.005) of hemolysis than patients with MH prostheses, irrespective of position and size. No patient had decompensated anemia. The frequency of hemolysis was similar in both groups with double-valve replacement, whereas severity was greater with SJM than MH prostheses (p < 0.001). The number and position of the prostheses were correlated with severity of hemolysis: Double-valve replacement and mitral position were correlated with greater hemolysis than single-valve replacement (p < 0.01) and aortic position (p < 0.01). Valve size, cardiac rhythm and time from operation did not correlate either with frequency or severity of hemolysis. It is concluded that in normally functioning SJM and MH prostheses: (1) hemolysis is frequent but never severe; (2) SJM demonstrates greater frequency and severity when compared with MH valve; and (3) number, position, but not size, significantly affect the severity of hemolysis.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::7e0c90d08e3b93cb85afa747f6e6afbbTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149Test(93)90516-f

المؤلفون: Labros Karagounis, Fidela Moreno, Ronald L. Menlove, Steven Ipsen, Jeffrey L. Anderson, null TEAM- Investigators

المصدر: The American Journal of Cardiology. 68:848-856

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Streptokinase, Infarction, Thrombolysis, medicine.disease, chemistry.chemical_compound, Anistreplase, chemistry, Internal medicine, Lactate dehydrogenase, medicine, biology.protein, Cardiology, Creatine kinase, Myocardial infarction, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Electrocardiography, medicine.drug

الوصف: The effects of thrombolytic therapy on enzymatic and electrocardiographic indexes of myocardial infarction were examined in 370 patients who were enrolled within 4 hours of onset of symptoms and were randomized to blinded therapy with intravenous anistreplase (30 U/5 min, n = 188) or Streptokinase (1.5 million IU/1 hour, n = 182). Creatine kinase and its MB isoenzyme were initially measured every 4 to 6 hours, and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and its cardiac isoenzyme (LDH-1) every 8 to 12 hours. Electrocardiograms were obtained before, and at 90 minutes and 8 hours after starting thrombolysis, and on discharge. Enzymatic and etectrocardiographic measures of infarction were compared between drug treatment and patency groups. Early patency was associated with significant reductions in peak values for each of 4 cardiac enzymes (averaging 21 to 25%, p

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::ee472f0e0d344e904a65c8b9ecbd63e9Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149Test(91)90398-5

المؤلفون: Sharad Rastogi, Ram Singh, Shanti S. Rastogi, Mohammad A. Niaz

المصدر: The American journal of cardiology. 77(4)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Vitamin, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Lipid Peroxides, medicine.medical_treatment, Myocardial Infarction, Ascorbic Acid, Creatine, Gastroenterology, Antioxidants, Ventricular Function, Left, chemistry.chemical_compound, Electrocardiography, Double-Blind Method, Internal medicine, Lactate dehydrogenase, medicine, Humans, Vitamin E, Myocardial infarction, Aspartate Aminotransferases, Vitamin A, Creatine Kinase, biology, Vitamin C, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, business.industry, Vitamins, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Ascorbic acid, beta Carotene, Carotenoids, Surgery, Oxidative Stress, chemistry, Cardiology, biology.protein, Creatine kinase, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business

الوصف: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, the effects of combined treatment with the antioxidant vitamins A (50,000 IU/day), vitamin C (1,000 mg/day), vitamin E (400 mg/day), and beta-carotene (25 mg/day) were compared for 28 days in 63 (intervention group) and 62 (placebo group) patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction. After treatment with antioxidants, the mean infarct size (creatine kinase and creatine kinase-MB gram equivalents) was significantly less in the antioxidant group than in the placebo group. Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase decreased by 45.6 IU/dl in the antioxidant group versus 25.8 IU/dl in the placebo group (p < 0.02). Cardiac enzyme lactate dehydrogenase increased slightly (88.6 IU/dl) in the antioxidant group compared with that in the placebo group (166.5 IU/dl) (p < 0.01). QRS score in the electrocardiogram was significantly less in the antioxidant than in the placebo group. The following levels increased in the antioxidant group versus the placebo group, respectively: plasma levels of vitamin E increased by 8.8 and 2.2 mumol/L (p < 0.01), vitamin C increased by 12.6 and 4.2 mumol/L (p < 0.01), beta-carotene increased by 0.28 and 0.06 mumol/L (p < 0.01), and vitamin A increased by 0.36 and 0.12 mumol/L (p < 0.01). Serum lipid peroxides decreased by 1.22 pmol/ml in antioxidant versus 0.22 pmol/ml in the placebo group (p < 0.01). Angina pectoris, total arrhythmias, and poor left ventricular function occurred less often in the antioxidant group. Cardiac end points were significantly less in the antioxidant group (20.6% vs 30.6%, respectively). These results suggest that combined treatment with antioxidant vitamins A, E, C, and beta-carotene in patients with recent acute myocardial infarction may be protective against cardiac necrosis and oxidative stress, and could be beneficial in preventing complications and cardiac event rate in such patients.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::c5eb9bdec4cb91f7482f546c875217dfTest
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9315605Test

المؤلفون: Christine Caubel, Bernard Livarek, Jean-Pierre Normand, Isabelle Collignon, Jacques Schwob, Marc Spentchian, Jean-Louis Georges

المصدر: The American Journal of Cardiology. 78:825-827

مصطلحات موضوعية: Male, Resuscitation, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Heart Diseases, medicine.medical_treatment, Enzyme release, Electric Countershock, Myocardial Infarction, Cardioversion, chemistry.chemical_compound, Internal medicine, Troponin I, Humans, Medicine, Creatine Kinase, Aged, Analysis of Variance, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, biology, Myoglobin, business.industry, Myocardium, Middle Aged, Troponin, Isoenzymes, Electrical cardioversion, chemistry, biology.protein, Cardiology, Creatine kinase, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Biomarkers

الوصف: The results of this study, conducted in 25 patients without myocardial infarction, showed that all the biologic markers of myocardial infarction, except the highly cardiospecific cardiac troponin I, increased in some patients after electrical cardioversion. These results allow us to conclude that electrical cardioversion, even preceded by a mechanical resuscitation of short duration, does not result in myocardial damage, and that cardiac troponin I is more accurate than creatine kinase-MB activity and creatine kinase-MB mass determination for the diagnosis of myocardial damage in patients who have undergone electrical cardioversion.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::6862dda4461fc6d9e9aee499d7771662Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9149Test(96)00430-4