Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) is a benign lesion consisting of myofibroblastic spindle cells with an inflammatory cells infiltration. Their behaviour is generally not aggressive, but in some cases they can simulate malignant neoplasms, from which they are impossible to be distinguished before excision. We report a case of IMT originating from the spleen in a 65-year-old woman. She underwent splenectomy with the diagnosis of lymphoma, whereas the final pathological diagnosis was IMT. By referring to previously diagnosed IMT cases in our hospital and relevant literature, we conclude that, as a result of a lack of clinical and imaging features, surgical excision is the primary choice of IMT, in order to obtain a definitive diagnosis as well as to avoid recurrence and metastasis, and the subsequent follow up is necessary.
