How Much Is Enough in a Perfect World? Cultural Variation in Ideal Levels of Happiness, Pleasure, Freedom, Health, Self-Esteem, Longevity, and Intelligence
| العنوان: | How Much Is Enough in a Perfect World? Cultural Variation in Ideal Levels of Happiness, Pleasure, Freedom, Health, Self-Esteem, Longevity, and Intelligence |
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| المؤلفون: | Emiko S. Kashima, Yanjun Guan, Sylvia Xiaohua Chen, Paul G. Bain, Nadezhda Lebedeva, Emily A. Harris, Sheyla Blumen, Roberto González, Matthew J. Hornsey |
| المصدر: | Psychological science, 2018, Vol.29(9), pp.1393-1404 [Peer Reviewed Journal] Hornsey, M J, Bain, P G, Harris, E A, Lebedeva, N, Kashima, E S, Guan, Y, González, R, Chen, S X & Blumen, S 2018, ' How Much Is Enough in a Perfect World? Cultural Variation in Ideal Levels of Happiness, Pleasure, Freedom, Health, Self-Esteem, Longevity, and Intelligence ', Psychological Science, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1393-1404 . https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797618768058Test |
| بيانات النشر: | SAGE Publications, 2018. |
| سنة النشر: | 2018 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Adult, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Freedom, Male, Pleasure, cross-cultural differences, media_common.quotation_subject, Happiness, Intelligence, Longevity, Self-concept, 050109 social psychology, Context (language use), social influences, 050105 experimental psychology, Ideal (ethics), SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Psychology(all), General Psychology, media_common, Self, 05 social sciences, Self-esteem, Middle Aged, Cross-cultural studies, Self Concept, Health, Female, Psychology, Social psychology |
| الوصف: | The maximization principle—that people aspire to the highest possible level of something good if all practical constraints are removed—is a common yet untested assumption about human nature. We predict that in holistic cultures—where contradiction, change, and context are emphasized—ideal states of being for the self will be more moderate than in other cultures. In two studies ( Ns = 2,392 and 6,239), we asked this question: If participants could choose their ideal level of happiness, pleasure, freedom, health, self-esteem, longevity, and intelligence, what level would they choose? Consistent with predictions, results showed that maximization was less pronounced in holistic cultures; members of holistic cultures aspired to less happiness, pleasure, freedom, health, self-esteem, longevity, and IQ than did members of other cultures. In contrast, no differences emerged on ideals for society. The studies show that the maximization principle is not a universal aspect of human nature and that there are predictable cultural differences in people’s notions of perfection. |
| وصف الملف: | application/pdf |
| تدمد: | 1467-9280 0956-7976 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::cfee63f2590b4f9e5eb18b25bb6d3beaTest https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797618768058Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....cfee63f2590b4f9e5eb18b25bb6d3bea |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 14679280 09567976 |
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