المؤلفون: Mitchell, Karen S.^1,2 (AUTHOR) ksmitche@bu.edu, Masheb, Robin^3,4 (AUTHOR), Smith, Brian N.^1,2 (AUTHOR), Kehle-Forbes, Shannon^1,5,6 (AUTHOR), Hardin, Sabrina¹ (AUTHOR), Vogt, Dawne^1,2 (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Psychological Assessment. Dec2021, Vol. 33 Issue 12, p1226-1238. 13p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *VETERANS, *COMPULSIVE eating, *RACE, *EATING disorders, *BULIMIA, *MENTAL illness, *ETHNICITY

مستخلص: Early detection of eating disorders (EDs) is crucial for both prevention and treatment; however, few ED measures have been validated among older adults, men, and racially/ethnically diverse individuals, who may have varying symptom presentations. We examined the psychometric quality of three self-report ED measures within a diverse sample of U.S. military veterans, a population that may have elevated rates of EDs. Participants (N = 1,187) completed the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale-5 (EDDS-5), the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q), the SCOFF (Sick, Control, One, Fat, and Food) questionnaire, and measures of associated mental health symptoms. We examined proportions of probable EDs and reliability estimates, associations among ED measures, and their relationship with mental health measures for the sample as a whole and based on age, gender, and race/ethnicity. Proportions of probable EDs ranged from 9.9% to 27.7% and were comparable for White, Black, and Latinx participants. Participants aged 40–49 had significantly higher proportions of EDs compared to other age groups, whereas participants aged ≥60 had significantly lower proportions of EDs. Participants with obesity had significantly higher proportions of probable EDs compared to participants with healthy weight or overweight. There was fair to moderate agreement between the ED measures, with varying evidence for psychometric quality across demographic subsamples. Overall, the EDDS-5 performed best in this sample and yielded estimates of probable EDs consistent with expectations. These data add to the growing body of literature on the assessment of EDs and provide insight into measures that may be most useful in research and intervention efforts. Public Significance Statement: Many eating disorder measures have not been tested in diverse groups, including U.S. military veterans, who are affected by eating disorders but are often not included in eating disorders research or treatment. We found that many different demographic groups of veterans were impacted by eating disorders, and there were some important differences in the performance of three different eating disorder measures in this sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Forbush, Kelsie T.¹ (AUTHOR) kforbush@ku.edu, Song, Q. Chelsea² (AUTHOR), Tay, Louis² (AUTHOR), Gould, Sara R.³ (AUTHOR), Chapa, Danielle A. N.¹ (AUTHOR), Cushing, Christopher C.¹ (AUTHOR), Ptomey, Lauren T.⁴ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Psychological Assessment. Jun2020, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p553-567. 15p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *ITEM response theory, *COMPULSIVE eating, *FOOD habits, *SELF-evaluation, *EATING disorders

مستخلص: In light of increasing rates of overweight and obesity worldwide, there is a critical need for accurate self-report measures of disinhibited and restrained eating behaviors across the weight spectrum. Item response theory was used to determine whether differences in disinhibited and restrained eating between healthy weight and overweight or obese individuals were due to item bias (i.e., differential item functioning). Study 1 participants were healthy weight (n = 510) or overweight or obese (n = 304) adults recruited from the community. Study 2 participants were healthy weight (n = 778) or overweight or obese (n = 320) college students. Study 1 participants completed the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Eating Disorder Inventory-3, Dutch Eating Behaviors Questionnaire, Restraint Scale, and Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire. Study 2 participants completed the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory (EPSI). Items on the Restraint Scale demonstrated the most evidence for bias (60% of items), whereas the majority of other scales demonstrated low to moderate levels of item bias (17-38% of items). However, EDE-Q Restraint and EPSI Binge Eating, Cognitive Restraint, Excessive Exercise, Muscle Building, and Negative Attitudes Toward Obesity scales did not show any evidence of differential item functioning among weight groups. Participants with the same level of disordered eating responded differently to certain eating disorder self-report items due to weight-bias, rather than true between-groups differences. Nevertheless, EDE-Q Restraint, EPSI Cognitive Restraint, and EPSI Binge Eating did not exhibit any evidence of bias and are ideal for assessing restrained and disinhibited eating across the weight spectrum in both research and clinical settings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Carr, Meagan M.¹ mcarr8@emich.edu, Catak, Pelin D.¹, Pejsa-Reitz, Megan C.¹, Saules, Karen K.¹, Gearhardt, Ashley N.²

المصدر: Psychological Assessment. Aug2017, Vol. 29 Issue 8, p1044-1052. 9p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *COMPULSIVE eating, *FOOD & psychology, *PSYCHOMETRICS, *CROSS-sectional method, *CONFIRMATORY factor analysis

مستخلص: Food addiction describes a psychological and behavioral eating pattern that is similar to the experience of those compulsively taking drugs of abuse. Recent developments related to food addiction, including the development and validation of an updated measure (Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0; Gearhardt, Corbin, & Brownell, 2016), have increased knowledge as to the prevalence and associated correlates of food addiction. However, less is known about the phenomenological experience of food addiction in diverse samples or how the existing measure of food addiction performs in heterogeneous samples. In a cross-sectional survey design, using a diverse sample of undergraduate students (N = 642) tests of measurement invariance were performed. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the hypothesized factor structure, indicating a single latent construct of food addiction modeled by 11 dichotomous indicators, in samples of White and Black participants as well as samples of men and women. Measurement invariance testing across the various demographic groups broadly provided good psychometric support for use of the measure. However, a single indicator related to attempts to cut down on highly palatable food varied across men and women. Thus, when using the measure in mixed gender samples researchers may consider obtaining additional information regarding gender and its relative impact on the experience of food addiction, particularly with respect to efforts to quit or cut down intake of highly palatable foods. (PsycINFO Database Record [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Hagan, Kelsey E.¹ kforbush@ku.edu, Forbush, Kelsie T.¹, Po-Yi Chen¹, Chen, Po-Yi² (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Psychological Assessment. Oct2017, Vol. 29 Issue 10, p1249-1260. 12p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *OVERWEIGHT persons, *OBESITY, *COMPULSIVE eating, *COMPULSIVE behavior, *COLLEGE students, *DIET, *REDUCING diets, *FOOD habits, *PSYCHOLOGY

مستخلص: Given that approximately two-thirds of adults are overweight or obese, there is substantial interest in dieting (dietary restraint) to promote weight loss. However, research on the associations between dietary restraint and binge eating is inconsistent. One possible explanation for contradictory findings is that measures of dietary restraint assess heterogeneous constructs. Nonclinical samples of university student (n = 433; 62.6% female) and community-recruited (n = 407; 47.4% female) adults completed self-report measures of dietary restraint. Exploratory structural equation modeling and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to identify latent dietary restraint factor(s). Structural equation modeling and multiple regression were used to test associations among latent dietary restraint factor(s), body mass index (BMI), eating-disorder risk, binge eating, and psychopathological and personality variables. Three latent dietary restraint factors emerged: (a) Calorie Counting; (b) Preoccupation With Dieting; and (c) Weight-Focused Restraint. The model demonstrated a good fit to the data. Eating-disorder risk was significantly and positively associated with all restraint factors, whereas higher levels of BMI and binge eating were significantly associated with greater Preoccupation with Dieting and Weight-Focused Restraint only. Our findings indicated that dietary restraint is a heterogeneous construct and that measures of restraint assess different aspects of dieting. Our results have important implications for eating and weight disorders treatment, and suggest that weight-loss interventions that do not simultaneously increase negative attitudes toward one's body may be useful for treating weight disorders, without promoting disordered eating. (PsycINFO Database Record [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Wilson, G. Terence, Vitousek, Kelly M.

المصدر: Psychological Assessment. Dec99, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p480. 10p. 1 Chart.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PSYCHODIAGNOSTICS, *BULIMIA, *COMPULSIVE eating

مستخلص: Illustrates the use of self-monitoring in the assessment of bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder. Review of self-monitoring research in eating disorders; Importance and significance of self-monitoring in clinical assessment; Patient compliance with self-monitoring.

المؤلفون: Stice, Eric¹ estice@ori.org, Fisher, Melissa¹, Martinet, Erin¹

المصدر: Psychological Assessment. Mar2004, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p60-71. 12p. 4 Charts.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *DIAGNOSIS of eating disorders, *BULIMIA, *ANOREXIA nervosa, *COMPULSIVE eating, *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests, *PATHOLOGICAL psychology

مستخلص: The authors conducted 4 studies investigating the reliability and validity of the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS; E. Stice, C. F. Telch, & S. L. Rizvi, 2000), a brief self-report measure for diagnosing anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. Study 1 found that the EDDS showed criterion validity with interview-based diagnoses, convergent validity with risk factors for eating pathology, and internal consistency. Studies 2 and 3 found that the EDDS was sufficiently sensitive to detect the effects of eating disorder prevention programs. Regarding predictive validity, Studies 3 and 4 found that the EDDS predicted response to a prevention program and future onset of eating pathology and depression. Results provide additional evidence of the reliability and validity of this scale and suggest it may be useful in clinical and research applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Stice, Eric, Telch, Christy F., Stice, E¹ (AUTHOR), Telch, C F (AUTHOR), Rizvi, S L (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Psychological Assessment. Jun2000, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p123-131. 9p. 1 Black and White Photograph, 4 Charts.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *EATING disorders, *ANOREXIA nervosa, *BULIMIA, *COMPULSIVE eating, *PSYCHOLOGY

مصطلحات جغرافية: UNITED States

مستخلص: This article describes the development and validation of a brief self-report scale for diagnosing anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. Study 1 used a panel of eating-disorder experts and provided evidence for the content validity of this scale. Study 2 used data from female participants with and without eating disorders (N = 367) and suggested that the diagnoses from this scale possessed temporal reliability (mean kappa = .80) and criterion validity (with interview diagnoses; mean kappa = .83). In support of convergent validity, individuals with eating disorders identified by this scale showed elevations on validated measures of eating disturbances. The overall symptom composite also showed test-retest reliability (r = .87), internal consistency (mean alpha = .89), and convergent validity with extant eating-pathology scales. Results implied that this scale was reliable and valid in this investigation and that it may be useful for clinical and research applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Wilson, Kathryn E.^1,2 (AUTHOR) kwilson141@gsu.edu, Almeida, Fabio A.^3,4 (AUTHOR), Brito, Fabiana A.^3,4 (AUTHOR), Sweet, Cynthia Castro⁵ (AUTHOR), Katula, Jeffrey A.⁶ (AUTHOR), Michaud, Tzeyu L.^3,4 (AUTHOR), Schwab, Robert^4,7 (AUTHOR), Estabrooks, Paul A.^3,4 (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Psychological Assessment. Nov2021, Vol. 33 Issue 11, p1089-1099. 11p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *PSYCHOMETRICS, *SELF-efficacy, *CONFIRMATORY factor analysis, *EXPLORATORY factor analysis, *PREDIABETIC state, *COMPULSIVE eating, *REFLECTIVE learning

مستخلص: Self-efficacy is a commonly examined cognitive determinant of behavior change in weight-loss trials, but there has been little uniformity in its measurement. To address this, a recently developed survey captures self-efficacy as it relates to three behavioral domains of interest to weight-loss interventionists: physical activity (PA), healthful eating, and weight loss. The purpose of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the Brief Weight-Loss-Related Behavior Self-Efficacy Scales in a large sample (n = 599) of adults with prediabetes. Participants completed the self-efficacy survey, as well as measures of PA, dietary intake, weight, and height. The factor structure was scrutinized using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, which supported a factor structure with three correlated first-order latent self-efficacy factors, specific to PA, healthful eating, and weight loss. This model is statistically equivalent to a hierarchical model including a second-order factor for overall behavioral weight-management self-efficacy. Measurement equivalence/invariance between relevant demographic groups was also supported by tests for equivalence of covariance matrices. Bivariate correlations between self-efficacy factors and measures of PA, dietary intake, and weight support the concurrent validity of score interpretations. Overall, these psychometric analyses support the validity of these scales' scores as independently reflective of self-efficacy for PA, healthful eating, and weight loss. This instrument is useful in clinical research to identify the cognitive drivers of weight loss and weight loss-inducing behavior. Public Significance Statement: A set of brief self-efficacy scales for weight-loss-related behaviors is supported for use in adults with prediabetes. These scales perform as expected across sample subgroups (e.g., gender, age, weight status) and scores are significantly associated with concurrently measured weight-loss behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Duffy, Mary E.¹ (AUTHOR) duffy@psy.fsu.edu, Calzo, Jerel P.² (AUTHOR), Lopez, Ethan³ (AUTHOR), Silverstein, Scout³ (AUTHOR), Joiner, Thomas E.¹ (AUTHOR), Gordon, Allegra R.^4,5 (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Psychological Assessment. May2021, Vol. 33 Issue 5, p459-463. 5p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *EATING disorders, *TEST validity, *BODY image, *TRANSGENDER people, *COMPULSIVE eating, *GENDER identity, *COMMUNITIES

مستخلص: This study evaluated the measurement and construct validity of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire Short Form (EDE-QS) in a transgender and gender diverse sample. Participants who self-identified as transgender and gender diverse (N = 71) completed self-report measures of demographics, gender-related experiences, and disordered eating/body image. Analyses comprised evaluation of EDE-QS internal consistency, convergent validity, and specificity for disordered eating. The EDE-QS demonstrated strong internal consistency in the full sample, in participants with and without suspected eating disorders, and in each gender identity group; and correlated significantly with indices of disordered eating and body image. The full scale and each item significantly differentiated between participants with and without suspected eating disorders. This study provides initial evidence for good measurement and construct validity of the EDE-QS as applied to transgender and gender diverse individuals. Findings offer the EDE-QS as a promising, brief tool for screening and/or population-based research related to disordered eating in this high-risk, yet underserved population. Public Significance Statement: This study found that the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire Short Form demonstrated good measurement and construct validity in a transgender and gender diverse sample. These findings provide initial support for use of this measure in a high risk, often overlooked group, with implications for reduction of pernicious health disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Racine, Sarah E.¹ (AUTHOR) Sarah.racine@mcgill.ca, Hagan, Kelsey E.² (AUTHOR), Schell, Sarah E.¹ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Psychological Assessment. Oct2019, Vol. 31 Issue 10, p1220-1233. 14p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *EMOTIONAL eating, *LATENT structure analysis, *CONFIRMATORY factor analysis, *EXPLORATORY factor analysis, *COMPULSIVE eating, *FOOD habits

مستخلص: Nonhomeostatic eating is a complex (presumably) multidimensional construct associated with negative health outcomes. However, little research has examined the latent structure of nonhomeostatic eating processes, interrelationships among nonhomeostatic eating constructs, and differential associations between nonhomeostatic eating constructs and external correlates. This study adopted a construct validation approach to investigate these research questions in a large sample of undergraduate women and men (N = 998; 54.6% female). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on items from 8 measures representing numerous nonhomeostatic eating process constructs (e.g., binge eating, loss of control [LOC] over eating, "food addiction"). The 7-factor retained solution included the following: (1) emotional eating, (2) external eating, (3) LOC over eating, (4) overeating, (5) distress over nonhomeostatic eating, (6) hedonic hunger, and (7) food addiction. LOC over eating was the nonhomeostatic eating factor most strongly related to other factors (M rs = .71 and .65 in women and men, respectively). Factor score multiple regressions conducted separately by sex indicated that distress over nonhomeostatic eating was related to body mass index, depressive symptoms, and eating-related clinical impairment in both women and men. In women, food addiction demonstrated unique associations with depressive symptoms, emotion dysregulation, and clinical impairment, whereas overeating uniquely predicted these outcomes in men. This is the first comprehensive analysis of the latent structure of nonhomeostatic eating processes and associations with external correlates, and results suggest that LOC over eating, distress over nonhomeostatic eating, food addiction (in women), and overeating (in men) exhibited the strongest relations with psychosocial impairment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]