المؤلفون: Pirjo Hedberg, Heikki V. Huikuri, Olli-Pekka Piira, M.J. Junttila, E.S. Lepojärvi, Veli-Pekka Puurunen, Olavi Ukkola

المصدر: Peptides. 84:17-21

مصطلحات موضوعية: Leptin, Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, Coronary Artery Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Biochemistry, Coronary artery disease, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Diastole, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Obesity, Aged, Heart Failure, Ejection fraction, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Confounding, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Echocardiography, Heart failure, Cardiology, Population study, Female, business, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists

الوصف: Background and aims Obese subjects have elevated leptin levels, which have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events. Because leptin has direct cellular effects on various tissues, we tested the hypothesis that leptin levels are associated with cardiac structure or function in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods and results The study population consisted of 1 601 CAD patients, of whom 42% had type 2 diabetes mellitus. Plasma leptin was measured in fasted state and an echocardiography performed. Leptin levels were not related to LV dimensions or LV ejection fraction (NS for all), but higher leptin levels were associated with elevated E/E’ (9.43 vs. 11.94 in the lowest and the highest leptin quartile, respectively; p = 0.018 for trend). Correspondingly, a decreasing trend was observed in E/A (1.15 vs. 1.06; p = 0.037). These associations were independent of obesity and other relevant confounding variables. Conclusion We conclude that elevated plasma leptin levels are associated with impaired left ventricular diastolic function in patients with CAD independently of obesity and other confounding variables. Leptin may be one of the mechanistic links explaining the development of congestive heart failure in obese subjects.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::4a6ceac7c07a70334ca92a7151ed585fTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/jTest.peptides.2016.08.002

المؤلفون: Pirjo Hedberg, Tuija Leinonen, Olavi Ukkola, Y. Antero Kesäniemi

المصدر: Peptides. 76

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Peptide hormone, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Metabolic Syndrome, business.industry, Stomach, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Middle Aged, Protective Factors, medicine.disease, Middle age, Ghrelin, medicine.anatomical_structure, Blood pressure, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Hypertension, Population study, Female, Metabolic syndrome, business, Biomarkers, Follow-Up Studies

الوصف: Ghrelin is a peptide hormone from the stomach, with an ability to release growth-hormone from the pituitary. Numerous cross-sectional studies indicate that ghrelin also has a role in metabolic abnormalities, such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, but evidence for long-term effect is scarce. We investigated, whether ghrelin concentration measured in middle age would predict the development or absence of metabolic disturbances subsequently. Study population consisted of 600 middle-aged persons, and the follow-up time was approximately 21 years. Plasma total ghrelin concentration was measured at the baseline, and divided to tertiles. Numerous anthropometric and other clinical measurements (including blood pressure), and laboratory test were made both at the baseline and at the follow-up. After the follow-up the prevalence of high systolic blood pressure according to MetS IDF-criteria was the lowest in the highest ghrelin tertile, and the highest in the first (p

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::2aea79bc53596b4cf01503beb25e6b79Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26721207Test

المؤلفون: Olavi Ukkola

المصدر: Peptides. 32:2319-2322

مصطلحات موضوعية: Candidate gene, Genotype, Physiology, Biology, Biochemistry, Energy homeostasis, Mice, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Endocrinology, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Animals, Humans, Obesity, Receptors, Ghrelin, Gene, Genetic association, Mice, Knockout, Genetics, Polymorphism, Genetic, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Genetic variants, medicine.disease, Ghrelin, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Mutation, Energy Metabolism, Genome-Wide Association Study

الوصف: An increasing understanding of the role of genes in the development of obesity may reveal genetic variants that, in combination with conventional risk factors, may help to predict an individual's risk for developing metabolic disorders. Accumulating evidence indicates that ghrelin plays a role in regulating food intake and energy homeostasis and it is a reasonable candidate gene for obesity-related co-morbidities. In cross-sectional studies low total ghrelin concentrations and some genetic polymorphisms of ghrelin have been associated with obesity-associated diseases. The present review highlights many of the important problems in association studies of genetic variants and complex diseases. It is known that population-specific differences in reported associations exist. We therefore conclude that more studies on variants of ghrelin gene are needed to perform in different populations to get deeper understanding on the relationship of ghrelin gene and its variants to obesity.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::4c02b6de3a79fb109866b0e41ead393aTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/jTest.peptides.2011.04.013

المؤلفون: Y. Antero Kesäniemi, Merja Santaniemi, Mirella Hietaniemi, Elina Malo, Olavi Ukkola, Maarit Jokela

المصدر: Peptides. 30:705-709

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, Offspring, medicine.medical_treatment, Adipokine, Pilot Projects, Biology, Biochemistry, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Endocrinology, Insulin resistance, Pregnancy, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Resistin, Obesity, Triglycerides, Caloric Restriction, Adiponectin, Insulin, Leptin, medicine.disease, Rats, Cholesterol, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Female, Hormone

الوصف: It has been proposed that fetal exposure to environmental stressors, such as undernutrition, during critical periods of development may lead to adaptations that permanently change the structure and function of the body. These adaptations may be important for immediate survival during fetal development, but can predispose to disease in later life. We designed a pilot study investigating the effect of fetal undernutrition on the obesity-related peptides adiponectin, ghrelin, leptin and resistin levels in rat. We also wanted to explore changes in lipid and insulin metabolism. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three dietary treatment groups on day 4 of gestation. The control group was fed ad libitum and the food-restricted rats received either 75% or 50% of ad libitum food intake until parturition. Serum levels of obesity-related peptides as well as lipid and insulin levels were measured from 1-month-old pups. Serum resistin concentrations were higher in both food-restricted groups and serum adiponectin concentration was lower in the 50% food-restricted group compared to the control group. Serum total cholesterol levels were significantly higher in both food-restricted groups. These results indicate that undernutrition during fetal development may lead to unfavorable changes in obesity-related peptide hormones as well as evoking adverse changes in serum cholesterol levels. The observed changes may predispose to insulin resistance and significantly increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in later life.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::31b9387a8ab41dafbf826e964df48f6eTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/jTest.peptides.2008.12.021

المؤلفون: Merja Santaniemi, M. Laurila, Y. A. Kesäniemi, Olavi Ukkola

المصدر: Peptides. 61

مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, Population, Mutation, Missense, Coronary Disease, Type 2 diabetes, Disease, Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Neoplasms, medicine, Humans, education, education.field_of_study, Polymorphism, Genetic, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Cancer, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Ghrelin, Neoplasm Proteins, Blood pressure, Amino Acid Substitution, Cohort, Hypertension, Female, business, Follow-Up Studies

الوصف: The aim of our investigation was to find out if ghrelin concentrations or polymorphisms predict the future risk for cardiovascular diseases and cancer in a population-based cohort initiated in 1991 (491 hypertensive and 513 control subjects). Total mortality and hospital events were followed up for 19 years. Fasting total ghrelin concentrations were determined and Arg51Gln, Leu72Met and -501 AC polymorphisms identified. Cox regression analysis was performed. The mean value in the control cohort was 674 pg/ml whereas in the hypertensive cohort it was 661 pg/ml. The associations found suggest that in the controls the highest ghrelin quartile protected from CHD (coronary heart disease). The results were significant without or with adjustments for age, sex, smoking, systolic blood pressure and LDL cholesterol, BMI, type 2 diabetes or QUICK index. C/C variant of the promoter associated with the prevention of IHD (ischemic heart disease) in the hypertensive group (p0.05). The controls with the Leu72Leu genotype had less cancer (p0.05). In conclusion, high plasma ghrelin concentration was related to protection from CHD and Leu72Leu genotype to prevention of cancer in healthy adults during the 19 years follow-up. C/C promoter protects from IHD in the hypertensive subjects.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::c5276d592f622938581d3632cf351f8aTest
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25257375Test

المؤلفون: Y. Antero Kesäniemi, Raisa Serpi, Outi Kummu, Petri Lehenkari, Sohvi Hörkkö, Eija Kellokoski, Olavi Ukkola

المصدر: Peptides. 30(12)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Blood Glucose, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Peptide hormone, Weight Gain, Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Eating, Mice, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Blood plasma, Medicine, Animals, Insulin, Receptor, Chemokine CCL2, Mice, Knockout, biology, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Body Weight, Vaccination, Atherosclerosis, Immunohistochemistry, Lipids, Ghrelin, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Receptors, LDL, LDL receptor, biology.protein, Female, medicine.symptom, Antibody, business, Weight gain, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists

الوصف: Ghrelin is a novel peptide hormone having growth hormone releasing activity and many endocrine and metabolic functions. In rats and pigs, ghrelin immunizations have recently been shown to induce an antibody response against ghrelin simultaneously with a decrease in body weight gain. Our aim was to test the role of ghrelin immunization on atherosclerosis and weight gain in mice. LDLR(-/-)-mice (n=36) were immunized with ghrelin-PADRE, PADRE alone and PBS and then placed on a high fat diet for 22 weeks. Weight gain and food intake were followed throughout the study. Acylated and total ghrelin, cytokines and MCP-1 were analyzed from plasma using commercial kits. Stomach ghrelin was assessed using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Atherosclerosis was determined from aorta and cross-sections at the end of study. Mice immunized with ghrelin-PADRE developed high plasma IgG titers to ghrelin simultaneously with a significant increase in plasma acylated and total ghrelin levels. Plasma MCP-1 levels decreased in mice immunized with ghrelin-PADRE compared to mice immunized with PADRE and PBS. There were no differences in atherosclerosis determined from aorta and cross-sections as well as in body weights and food intake in LDLR(-/-)-mice between the different immunization groups. Our data indicates that ghrelin-PADRE vaccination induces a strong exclusive IgG response to ghrelin and increases plasma acylated and total ghrelin levels in mice. Ghrelin vaccination decreases plasma MCP-1 levels even though no effects on developing signs of atherosclerosis or weight gain in mice were observed.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::e1bcb499a11bb683e2a5e7a7c1b0e950Test
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19751783Test