A simple, open and extensible gating Control unit for cardiac and respiratory synchronisation control in small animal MRI and demonstration of its robust performance in steady-state maintained CINE-MRI
| العنوان: | A simple, open and extensible gating Control unit for cardiac and respiratory synchronisation control in small animal MRI and demonstration of its robust performance in steady-state maintained CINE-MRI |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | John S. Beech, Jack J. Miller, Veerle Kersemans, Danny Allen, Jürgen E. Schneider, Stuart Gilchrist, Borivoj Vojnovic, Paul Kinchesh, Sean Smart, Michael Brady |
| المصدر: | Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| بيانات النشر: | Elsevier, 2021. |
| سنة النشر: | 2021 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | dTTLThreshold, Delay whilst the respiratory signal exceeds its threshold and generates a TTL signal, Steady state (electronics), Image quality, Computer science, GCU, Gating control unit, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Control unit, Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine, CT, x-ray computed tomography, LED, Light emitting diode, Gating, Extensibility, Steady state, dTTLECG, Delay that instructs the scanner to acquire cardiac gated data, Article, PVDF, Polyvinyl difluoride, SPECT-CT, Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography and (x-ray) Computed Tomography, CINE, Animals, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, tSSM, True steady state maintenance, Prospective Studies, dTTLNoAcquire., Delay as the respiratory TTL signal instructs the scanner not to acquire data, Cardiac imaging, DG, Double gating, CAD, Computer Aided Design, cCRT, Conventional cardio-respiratory triggering, Cardiac cycle, ECG, Electrocardiogram, Prospective gating, dTTLAcquire., Delay as the respiratory TTL signal instructs the scanner to acquire respiratory gated data and which is used as input for respiratory gating of the cardiac TTL signals, Heart, PET-CT, Positron Emission Tomography and (x-ray) Computerised Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Intensity (physics), SA, Short axis, DC, Direct current, TTL, Transistor-transistor logic (actually 0 or 5 V logic control signal), Biomedical engineering |
| الوصف: | Prospective cardiac gating during MRI is hampered by electromagnetic induction from the rapidly switched imaging gradients into the ECG detection circuit. This is particularly challenging in small animal MRI, as higher heart rates combined with a smaller myocardial mass render routine ECG detection challenging. We have developed an open-hardware system that enables continuously running MRI scans to be performed in conjunction with cardio-respiratory gating such that the relaxation-weighted steady state magnetisation is maintained throughout the scan. This requires that the R-wave must be detected reliably even in the presence of rapidly switching gradients, and that data previously acquired that were corrupted by respiratory motion re-acquired. The accurately maintained steady-state magnetisation leads to an improvement in image quality and removes alterations in intensity that may otherwise occur throughout the cardiac cycle and impact upon automated image analysis. We describe the hardware required to enable this and demonstrate its application and robust performance using prospectively cardio-respiratory gated CINE imaging that is operated at a single, constant TR. Schematics, technical drawings, component listing and assembly instructions are made publicly available. |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 1873-5894 0730-725X |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::7995b153e23f13fb92cfa35eec3a14e2Test http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8274699Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....7995b153e23f13fb92cfa35eec3a14e2 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 18735894 0730725X |
|---|