المؤلفون: Lu, Lvliang, Zhong, Wenyu, Bian, Ziwei, Li, Zhiming, Zhang, Ke, Liang, Boxuan, Zhong, Yizhou, Hu, Manjiang, Lin, Li, Liu, Jun, Lin, Xi, Huang, Yuji, Jiang, Junying, Yang, Xingfen, Zhang, Xin, Huang, Zhenlie

المصدر: Journal of Infection; Oct2020, Vol. 81 Issue 4, pe18-e25, 8p

مصطلحات موضوعية: SARS epidemiology, VIRAL pneumonia, C-reactive protein, HYPERTENSION, META-analysis, LUNG diseases, SYSTEMATIC reviews, COVID-19, DIABETES, NEUTROPHILS, SEX distribution, LACTATE dehydrogenase, EPIDEMICS, SARS virus, SARS disease, MERS coronavirus

مستخلص: Objective: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic. This systematic review compares mortality risk factors including clinical, demographic and laboratory features of COVID-19, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). The aim is to provide new strategies for COVID-19 prevention and treatment.Methods: We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis, using five databases to compare the predictors of death for COVID-19, SARS and MERS. A random-effects model meta-analysis calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).Results: 845 articles up through 11/4/2020 were retrieved, but only 28 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that males had a higher likelihood of death than females (OR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.56-2.13). Age (OR = 7.86, 95% CI 5.46-11.29), diabetes comorbidity (OR = 3.73, 95% CI 2.35-5.90), chronic lung disease (OR = 3.43, 95% CI 1.80-6.52) and hypertension (OR = 3.38, 95% CI 2.45-4.67) were the mortality risk factors. The laboratory indicators lactic dehydrogenase (OR = 37.52, 95% CI 24.68-57.03), C-reactive protein (OR = 12.11, 95% CI 5.24-27.98), and neutrophils (OR = 17.56, 95% CI 10.67-28.90) had stronger correlations with COVID-19 mortality than with SARS or MERS mortality. Consolidation and ground-glass opacity imaging features were similar among COVID-19, SARS, and MERS patients.Conclusions: COVID-19's mortality factors are similar to those of SARS and MERS. Age and laboratory indicators could be effective predictors of COVID-19 mortality outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Infection is the property of W B Saunders and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Tamura, Akihiro, Matsubara, Kousaku, Tanaka, Takayuki, Nigami, Hiroyuki, Yura, Kazuo, Fukaya, Takashi

المصدر: Journal of Infection; Sep2008, Vol. 57 Issue 3, p223-228, 6p

مصطلحات موضوعية: PNEUMONIA in children, GLUCOCORTICOIDS, MYCOPLASMA pneumoniae infections, ANTIBIOTICS, LACTATE dehydrogenase, MEDICAL radiology, THERAPEUTICS

مستخلص: Objectives: To determine the efficacy of methylprednisolone pulse therapy for children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MP) that is refractory to antibiotic treatment.Methods: Refractory patients were defined as cases showing clinical and radiological deterioration despite appropriate antibiotic therapy for 7 days or more. We identified 6 such children (male/female: 3/3) aged 3-9 years who were treated between 1998 and 2006. During the same period, 190 children with MP were admitted to our institution.Results: Common laboratory findings of the patients included cytopenia, elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase and ferritin levels, and elevated urine beta(2)-microglobulin levels, suggesting complication of hypercytokinemic condition. We initiated intravenous methylprednisolone at a dose of 30 mg/kg on 10.2+/-2.8 clinical days and administered it once daily for 3 consecutive days. Fever subsided 4-14 h after initiation of steroid pulse therapy in all patients. This dramatic effect was accompanied by rapid improvement of radiological abnormalities including infiltrates and pleural effusion, followed by improvement of laboratory abnormalities. There were no adverse events of steroid therapy.Conclusions: This is the first case-series study showing an effect of 3-day methylprednisolone pulse therapy on refractory MP in children. This therapy is apparently an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment for refractory MP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Infection is the property of W B Saunders and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Auyeung, Tung Wai, Lee, Jenny S.W., Lai, Wing Kin, Choi, Chun Hung, Lee, Hoi Kan, Lee, Joo Shim, Li, Po Chun, Lok, Ka Ho, Ng, Yuk Yung, Wong, Wai Ming, Yeung, Yiu Ming

المصدر: Journal of Infection; Aug2005, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p98-102, 5p

مصطلحات موضوعية: CORTICOSTEROIDS, SARS disease, DRUG side effects, LACTATE dehydrogenase

مصطلحات جغرافية: HONG Kong (China), CHINA

مستخلص: Objective: To study the effect of corticosteroids in the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).Methods: A retrospective cohort of 78 consecutive adult SARS patients admitted to a regional hospital in Hong Kong between March and May 2003 was analysed to study the effectiveness of corticosteroid. They were categorized according to whether or not corticosteroid therapy was given, and compared in terms of demographic characteristics, comorbidities, peak lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and clinical outcomes. Established adverse prognostic factors including old age, comorbidities and high LDH levels were used as covariates in multiple logistic regressions to adjust for their confounding effect on adverse outcomes.Results: Among 78 patients, 66 patients (84.6%) received corticosteroid. The LDH level was similar in both groups. The corticosteroid group had more adverse outcomes (37.9% vs. 16.7%) despite younger age and less comorbidity. In multivariate analysis, corticosteroid treatment was associated with a 20.7-fold increase in risk of either ICU admission or mortality, independent of age and disease severity.Conclusion: Despite more favourable baseline characteristics and similar peak LDH levels, SARS patients given corticosteroid had more adverse outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Journal of Infection is the property of W B Saunders and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)