Inspired by microbial diagenesis and mounding, microbial mineralization technology has been widely used in the treatment of heavy metal and radionuclide contamination. S. pasteurii can decompose urea as a source of energy to produce CO32− in the microbial mineralization system. Therefore, strontium-contaminated radioactive wastewater can be effectively treated by combining CO32− with surrounding strontium ions (Sr2+) to form strontium carbonate (SrCO3). Herein, we investigated how the concentration of graphene oxide (GO) and mineralization time influence the morphology of SrCO3 and the mineralization efficiency. GO was used as a crystal regulator to solidify the radionuclide strontium in the microbial mineralization system to obtain large-scale rock-like SrCO3 minerals. The results showed that GO can adsorb the surrounding Sr2+ with oxygen-containing functional groups on its surface to form SrCO3 complexes, directly influencing the morphology and consolidation percentage of SrCO3. Considering the leaching behaviour of nuclides, we further studied the stability of consolidated SrCO3 minerals. The results indicated that the presence of GO improved the stability of the mineralized samples obtained in the microbial mineralization system.
