Thyroid Cancers: From Surgery to Current and Future Systemic Therapies through Their Molecular Identities
| العنوان: | Thyroid Cancers: From Surgery to Current and Future Systemic Therapies through Their Molecular Identities |
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| المؤلفون: | Elisa Minaldi, Rossella Elisei, Laura Agate, Valeria Bottici, Carla Gambale, Eleonora Molinaro, Antonio Matrone, Loredana Lorusso, David Viola, Carlotta Giani, Virginia Cappagli, Luciana Puleo, Laura Valerio, Maria Cristina Campopiano |
| المصدر: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 3117, p 3117 (2021) International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| بيانات النشر: | MDPI AG, 2021. |
| سنة النشر: | 2021 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_treatment, Review, lenvatinib, Vandetanib, medullary thyroid cancer, Targeted therapy, lcsh:Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Tumor Microenvironment, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Cabozantinib, Differentiated thyroid cancer, Lenvatinib, Medullary thyroid cancer, Pralsetinib, Selpercatinib, Sorafenib, Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Humans, Signal Transduction, Thyroid Neoplasms, Thyroid cancer, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Spectroscopy, General Medicine, targeted therapy, Computer Science Applications, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, differentiated thyroid cancer, Catalysis, Inorganic Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, Dabrafenib, medicine.disease, Surgery, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, sorafenib, business |
| الوصف: | Differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) are commonly and successfully treated with total thyroidectomy plus/minus radioiodine therapy (RAI). Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is only treated with surgery but only intrathyroidal tumors are cured. The worst prognosis is for anaplastic (ATC) and poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC). Whenever a local or metastatic advanced disease is present, other treatments are required, varying from local to systemic therapies. In the last decade, the efficacy of the targeted therapies and, in particular, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has been demonstrated. They can prolong the disease progression-free survival and represent the most important therapeutic option for the treatment of advanced and progressive thyroid cancer. Currently, lenvatinib and sorafenib are the approved drugs for the treatment of RAI-refractory DTC and PDTC while advanced MTC can be treated with either cabozantinib or vandetanib. Dabrafenib plus trametinib is the only approved treatment by FDA for BRAFV600E mutated ATC. A new generation of TKIs, specifically for single altered oncogenes, is under evaluation in phase 2 and 3 clinical trials. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the current and future treatments of thyroid cancer with regards to the advanced and progressive cases that require systemic therapies that are becoming more and more targeted on the molecular identity of the tumor. |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::1a9acef807ec7c168017ab25ad3ce607Test https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/6/3117Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....1a9acef807ec7c168017ab25ad3ce607 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 16616596 14220067 |
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