التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
Diseases of the Eye with Systemic Involvement and/or Acute Presentation. |
| المؤلفون: |
Vallianou, Natalia G., Kazazis, Christos |
| المصدر: |
Hospital Chronicles; 2013, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p120-126, 7p |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
EYE diseases, OPTIC neuritis, OPTIC nerve diseases, SUBACUTE myelooptic neuropathy, GLAUCOMA |
| مستخلص: |
Optic neuritis is defined as an inflammation of the optic nerve, which is mostly idiopathic. However, it can be associated with variable causes: demyelinating lesions, autoimmune disorders, infections, compressive, toxic, metabolic and hereditary conditions. It is divided into arteritic, which is commonly seen in temporal arteritis/polymyalgia rheumatica and non-arteritic optic neuritis, which is associated with advanced age, atherosclerosis, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Among demyelinating disorders, multiple sclerosis is the most common cause. The term optic neuritis is indicated by sub-acute unilateral painful visual loss mostly in a young healthy female and by excluding glaucoma. The clinical diagnosis of optic neuritis consists of the classic triad of visual loss, periocular pain and dyschromatopsia which requires careful ophthalmic, neurologic and systemic examinations to distinguish between typical and atypical optic neuritis. In neuromyelitis optica, optic neuritis is initially misdiagnosed as optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis or other conditions such as ischemic optic neuritis and Leber's disease. Therefore, differential diagnosis is necessary to make a proper treatment plan. According to Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial, the first line of treatment is intravenous methylprednisolone with faster recovery and less chance of recurrence of optic neuritis and conversion to multiple sclerosis. Apart from optic neuritis of various causes, loss of vision could be due to glaucoma or uveitis. Glaucoma is optic nerve damage due to an interruption of the production and/or abduction of vitreous gel of the eye. Uveitis refers to a group of heterogeneous diseases that share the features of intraocular inflammation, but whose etiologies include idiopathic autoimmune disease, infections and masquerade syndromes. Acute retinal necrosis and detachment may have a debilitating effect on vision and must be rapidly diagnosed and managed. The above-mentioned clinical entities, their etiologies and current therapies are briefly discussed in this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| قاعدة البيانات: |
Complementary Index |
